HPE 3PAR StoreServ 3.3.x Security Technical Implementation Guide

It is detrimental for operating systems to provide, or install by default, functionality exceeding requirements or mission objectives. These unnecessary capabilities or services are often overlooked and therefore may remain unsecured. They increase the risk to the platform by providing additional attack vectors. The HPE 3PAR OS does not, by default, operate nonessential services. The web-services component must be configured for it to start. If it is not required by the mission, then it must be disabled.

Terminating an idle session within a short time period reduces the window of opportunity for unauthorized personnel to take control of a management session enabled on the console or console port that has been left unattended. In addition, quickly terminating an idle session will also free up resources committed by the managed network element. If a maintenance session or connection remains open after maintenance is completed, it may be hijacked by an attacker and used to compromise or damage the system. Nonlocal maintenance and diagnostic activities are those activities conducted by individuals communicating through a network, either an external network (e.g., the internet) or an internal network. Local maintenance and diagnostic activities are those activities carried out by individuals physically present at the information system or information system component and not communicating across a network connection. Under normal circumstances, a service user would log out of the array when maintenance is complete, and the session/connection would be terminated. Setting an acceptable inactivity timeout will guarantee that sessions cannot remain idle if they were not cleanly terminated. Satisfies: SRG-OS-000126-GPOS-00066, SRG-OS-000163-GPOS-00072, SRG-OS-000279-GPOS-00109

Operating systems handling data requiring data-at-rest protections must employ cryptographic mechanisms to prevent unauthorized disclosure and modification of the information at rest. Selection of a cryptographic mechanism is based on the need to protect the integrity of organizational information. The strength of the mechanism is commensurate with the security category and/or classification of the information. Organizations have the flexibility to either encrypt all information on storage devices (i.e., full disk encryption) or encrypt specific data structures (e.g., files, records, or fields). The HPE 3PAR OS protects data at rest through the use of Self-Encrypting Drives, and a licensed feature that takes ownership of them. The feature requires an authorized installer to install and activate it. Satisfies: SRG-OS-000404-GPOS-00183, SRG-OS-000405-GPOS-00184

It is critical for the appropriate personnel to be aware if a system is at risk of failing to process audit logs as required. Without this notification, the security personnel may be unaware of an impending failure of the audit capability, and system operation may be adversely affected. The HPE 3PAR OS will send an SNMP trap event on any failure of audit components (failure to write a record, failure to send to remote syslog server, etc.). All of these conditions are automatically recovered Q20 in the short term. Configuration of the SNMP consumer is required to facilitate collection of these events.

It is critical for the appropriate personnel to be aware if a system is at risk of failing to process audit logs as required. Without a real-time alert, security personnel may be unaware of an impending failure of the audit capability and system operation may be adversely affected. Alerts provide organizations with urgent messages. Real-time alerts provide these messages immediately (i.e., the time from event detection to alert occurs in seconds or less). In HPE 3PAR OS all event logging responsibility is shared among the clustered nodes. If one node should panic, a surviving node will issue an SNMP trap, and take over event log management, recording the failure messages from the panic'ing node. If the panic'ing node was also the network owner (responsible for communications with outside entities such as the SIEM system), another node will take over the network ownership. Any messages not yet sent will be sent to the SIEM system at this time. When the panic'd node reboots, it will simply rejoin the cluster as a participant.

Inaccurate time stamps make it more difficult to correlate events and can lead to an inaccurate analysis. Determining the correct time a particular event occurred on a system is critical when conducting forensic analysis and investigating system events. Sources outside the configured acceptable allowance (drift) may be inaccurate. Synchronizing internal information system clocks provides uniformity of time stamps for information systems with multiple system clocks and systems connected over a network. Organizations should consider endpoints that may not have regular access to the authoritative time server (e.g., mobile, teleworking, and tactical endpoints). The HPE 3PAR OS maintains an internal synchronization of node clocks, and aligns that with an NTP client always running on the network owner node when configured as shown.

Enterprise environments make account management challenging and complex. A manual process for account management functions adds the risk of a potential oversight or other errors. A comprehensive account management process that includes automation helps to ensure accounts designated as requiring attention are consistently and promptly addressed. Examples include, but are not limited to, using automation to take action on multiple accounts designated as inactive, suspended or terminated, or by disabling accounts located in noncentralized account stores such as multiple servers. This requirement applies to all account types, including individual/user, shared, group, system, guest/anonymous, emergency, developer/manufacturer/vendor, temporary, and service. The automated mechanisms may reside within the operating system itself or may be offered by other infrastructure providing automated account management capabilities. Automated mechanisms may be composed of differing technologies that, when placed together, contain an overall automated mechanism supporting an organization's automated account management requirements. Account management functions include assigning group or role membership; identifying account type; specifying user access authorizations (i.e., privileges); account removal, update, or termination; and administrative alerts. The use of automated mechanisms can include, for example, using email or text messaging to automatically notify account managers when users are terminated or transferred; using the information system to monitor account usage; and using automated telephonic notification to report atypical system account usage. The HPE 3PAR OS supports external account management via communication with LDAP-enabled technologies (OpenLDAP and Active Directory). Configuration is required to establish the external management relationship. Internally defined roles (SUPER, SERVICE, EDIT, BROWSE) are mapped to centrally defined user groups. Administrators attempting to log in are checked first against local accounts (for emergency purposes). If no local account exists, the central account management system is checked. Users that are successfully authenticated, are then checked for membership in the mapped groups to establish their authorization to access the system, if any, and at what role level. Satisfies: SRG-OS-000001-GPOS-00001, SRG-OS-000104-GPOS-00051, SRG-OS-000042-GPOS-00021

While LDAP allows the storage system to support stronger authentication, and provides additional auditing, it also places a dependency on an external entity in the operational environment. The existence of a single local account with a strong password means that administrators can continue to access the storage system in event the LDAP system is temporarily unavailable. A non-LDAP enabled emergency administrator account is required in the event that LDAP fails. This account will allow the organization to successfully administer the system during an LDAP outage. Once LDAP services have been restored, the password for this account must be changed and stored in a DOD approved safe. The product requires at least one local account to be present. However, the administrator must still manually remove all other local accounts, except for the emergency account, after the product has been configured for operation. The 3paradm account is a user bootstrap account. During installation, the user must use it to create a new local super user account. Once that is done, the 3paradm account must be removed. The 3parsvc account is used internally by the system. The 3parsnmp account was created in the fix text for HP3P-33-001300.

The shorter the password, the lower the number of possible combinations that need to be tested before the password is compromised. Password complexity, or strength, is a measure of the effectiveness of a password in resisting attempts at guessing and brute-force attacks. Password length is one factor of several that helps to determine strength and how long it takes to crack a password. Use of more characters in a password helps to exponentially increase the time and/or resources required to compromise the password. The HPE 3PAR OS can be configured to have 15 characters (or more) for minimum password length. This setting affects local user accounts only, and only has an impact when a password is changed. Password length for externally managed users is enforced by the external identity management system (LDAP/AD). This is a dependency on HP3P-33-001500/HP3P-33-101500. The HPE 3PAR OS does not supply an interface for modification of passwords maintained by external identity management systems.

Display of a standardized and approved use notification before granting access to the operating system ensures privacy and security notification verbiage used is consistent with applicable federal laws, Executive Orders, directives, policies, regulations, standards, and guidance. The banner must be formatted in accordance with applicable DOD policy. Use the following verbiage for operating systems that can accommodate banners of 1300 characters: "You are accessing a U.S. Government (USG) Information System (IS) that is provided for USG-authorized use only. By using this IS (which includes any device attached to this IS), you consent to the following conditions: -The USG routinely intercepts and monitors communications on this IS for purposes including, but not limited to, penetration testing, COMSEC monitoring, network operations and defense, personnel misconduct (PM), law enforcement (LE), and counterintelligence (CI) investigations. -At any time, the USG may inspect and seize data stored on this IS. -Communications using, or data stored on, this IS are not private, are subject to routine monitoring, interception, and search, and may be disclosed or used for any USG-authorized purpose. -This IS includes security measures (e.g., authentication and access controls) to protect USG interests--not for your personal benefit or privacy. -Notwithstanding the above, using this IS does not constitute consent to PM, LE or CI investigative searching or monitoring of the content of privileged communications, or work product, related to personal representation or services by attorneys, psychotherapists, or clergy, and their assistants. Such communications and work product are private and confidential. See User Agreement for details." Use the following verbiage for operating systems that have severe limitations on the number of characters that can be displayed in the banner: "I've read & consent to terms in IS user agreem't." Satisfies: SRG-OS-000023-GPOS-00006, SRG-OS-000228-GPOS-00088

To ensure operating systems have a sufficient storage capacity in which to write the audit logs, operating systems need to be able to allocate audit record storage capacity. The task of allocating audit record storage capacity is usually performed during initial installation of the operating system.

If time stamps are not consistently applied and there is no common time reference, it is difficult to perform forensic analysis. Time stamps generated by the operating system include date and time. Time is commonly expressed in UTC, a modern continuation of GMT, or local time with an offset from UTC.

Information stored in one location is vulnerable to accidental or incidental deletion or alteration. Offloading is a common process in information systems with limited audit storage capacity. Satisfies: SRG-OS-000342-GPOS-00133, SRG-OS-000479-GPOS-00224

Use of weak or untested encryption algorithms undermines the purposes of utilizing encryption to protect data. The operating system must implement cryptographic modules adhering to the higher standards approved by the federal government, since this provides assurance they have been tested and validated. The HPE 3PAR OS can be configured to use FIPS validated cryptographic methods for communications secrecy. It also has an encryption license feature that controls the handling of Self-Encrypting backend drives, which requires an authorized service provider for install and activation. Satisfies: SRG-OS-000396-GPOS-00176, SRG-OS-000478-GPOS-00223

Untrusted Certificate Authorities (CA) can issue certificates, but they may be issued by organizations or individuals that seek to compromise DOD systems or by organizations with insufficient security controls. If the CA used for verifying the certificate is not a DOD-approved CA, trust of this CA has not been established. The DOD will only accept PKI-certificates obtained from a DOD-approved internal or external certificate authority. Reliance on CAs for the establishment of secure sessions includes, for example, the use of SSL/TLS certificates. The HPE 3PAR OS can be configured to use only defined CA(s) for specific purposes. There is no default set of CA certificates included in the product.

Enterprise environments make account management challenging and complex. A manual process for account management functions adds the risk of a potential oversight or other errors. A comprehensive account management process that includes automation helps to ensure accounts designated as requiring attention are consistently and promptly addressed. Examples include, but are not limited to, using automation to take action on multiple accounts designated as inactive, suspended or terminated, or by disabling accounts located in noncentralized account stores such as multiple servers. This requirement applies to all account types, including individual/user, shared, group, system, guest/anonymous, emergency, developer/manufacturer/vendor, temporary, and service. The automated mechanisms may reside within the operating system itself or may be offered by other infrastructure providing automated account management capabilities. Automated mechanisms may be composed of differing technologies that, when placed together, contain an overall automated mechanism supporting an organization's automated account management requirements. Account management functions include: Assigning group or role membership; identifying account type; specifying user access authorizations (i.e., privileges); account removal, update, or termination; and administrative alerts. The use of automated mechanisms can include, for example: Using email or text messaging to automatically notify account managers when users are terminated or transferred; using the information system to monitor account usage; and using automated telephonic notification to report atypical system account usage. The HPE 3PAR OS supports external account management via communication with LDAP-enabled technologies (OpenLDAP and Active Directory). Configuration is required to establish the external management relationship. Internally defined roles (SUPER, SERVICE, EDIT, BROWSE) are mapped to centrally defined user groups. Administrators attempting to log in are checked first against local accounts (for emergency purposes). If no local account exists, the central account management system is checked. Users that are successfully authenticated, are then checked for membership in the mapped groups to establish their authorization to access the system, if any, and at what role level. Satisfies: SRG-OS-000001-GPOS-00001, SRG-OS-000042-GPOS-00021, SRG-OS-000104-GPOS-00051

Untrusted Certificate Authorities (CA) can issue certificates, but they may be issued by organizations or individuals that seek to compromise DOD systems or by organizations with insufficient security controls. If the CA used for verifying the certificate is not a DOD-approved CA, trust of this CA has not been established. The DOD will only accept PKI-certificates obtained from a DOD-approved internal or external certificate authority. Reliance on CAs for the establishment of secure sessions includes, for example, the use of SSL/TLS certificates. The HPE 3PAR OS can be configured to use only defined CA(s) for specific purposes. There is no default set of CA certificates included in the product.

It is detrimental for operating systems to provide, or install by default, functionality exceeding requirements or mission objectives. These unnecessary capabilities or services are often overlooked and therefore may remain unsecured. They increase the risk to the platform by providing additional attack vectors. The HPE 3PAR OS does not, by default, operate nonessential services. The Common Information Model services component must be configured for it to start. If it is not required by the mission, then it must be disabled.

Untrusted Certificate Authorities (CA) can issue certificates, but they may be issued by organizations or individuals that seek to compromise DOD systems or by organizations with insufficient security controls. If the CA used for verifying the certificate is not a DOD-approved CA, trust of this CA has not been established. The DOD will only accept PKI-certificates obtained from a DOD-approved internal or external certificate authority. Reliance on CAs for the establishment of secure sessions includes, for example, the use of SSL/TLS certificates. The HPE 3PAR OS can be configured to use only defined CA(s) for specific purposes. There is no default set of CA certificates included in the product.

It is detrimental for operating systems to provide, or install by default, functionality exceeding requirements or mission objectives. These unnecessary capabilities or services are often overlooked and therefore may remain unsecured. They increase the risk to the platform by providing additional attack vectors. The HPE 3PAR OS does not, by default, operate nonessential services. The VASA VVol Provider service component must be configured for it to start. If it is not required by the mission, then it must be disabled.

Untrusted Certificate Authorities (CA) can issue certificates, but they may be issued by organizations or individuals that seek to compromise DOD systems or by organizations with insufficient security controls. If the CA used for verifying the certificate is not a DOD-approved CA, trust of this CA has not been established. The DOD will only accept PKI-certificates obtained from a DOD-approved internal or external certificate authority. Reliance on CAs for the establishment of secure sessions includes, for example, the use of SSL/TLS certificates. The HPE 3PAR OS can be configured to use only defined CA(s) for specific purposes. There is no default set of CA certificates included in the product.

It is detrimental for operating systems to provide, or install by default, functionality exceeding requirements or mission objectives. These unnecessary capabilities or services are often overlooked and therefore may remain unsecured. They increase the risk to the platform by providing additional attack vectors. The HPE 3PAR OS does not, by default, operate nonessential services. The Remote Copy services component must be configured for it to start. If it is not required by the mission, then it must be disabled.

Untrusted Certificate Authorities (CA) can issue certificates, but they may be issued by organizations or individuals that seek to compromise DOD systems or by organizations with insufficient security controls. If the CA used for verifying the certificate is not a DOD-approved CA, trust of this CA has not been established. The DOD will only accept PKI certificates obtained from a DOD-approved internal or external certificate authority. Reliance on CAs for the establishment of secure sessions includes, for example, the use of SSL/TLS certificates. The HPE 3PAR OS can be configured to use only defined CA(s) for specific purposes. There is no default set of CA certificates included in the product.