General Purpose Operating System Security Requirements Guide

Version

SRG-OS-000001-GPOS-00001

Vuln IDs

V-203591
V-56571

Rule IDs

SV-203591r958362_rule
SV-70831

Enterprise environments make account management challenging and complex. A manual process for account management functions adds the risk of a potential oversight or other errors. A comprehensive account management process that includes automation helps to ensure accounts designated as requiring attention are consistently and promptly addressed. Examples include, but are not limited to, using automation to take action on multiple accounts designated as inactive, suspended or terminated, or by disabling accounts located in non-centralized account stores such as multiple servers. This requirement applies to all account types, including individual/user, shared, group, system, guest/anonymous, emergency, developer/manufacturer/vendor, temporary, and service. The automated mechanisms may reside within the operating system itself or may be offered by other infrastructure providing automated account management capabilities. Automated mechanisms may be composed of differing technologies that, when placed together, contain an overall automated mechanism supporting an organization's automated account management requirements. Account management functions include: assigning group or role membership; identifying account type; specifying user access authorizations (i.e., privileges); account removal, update, or termination; and administrative alerts. The use of automated mechanisms can include, for example: using email or text messaging to automatically notify account managers when users are terminated or transferred; using the information system to monitor account usage; and using automated telephonic notification to report atypical system account usage.

Checks: C-3716r557029_chk

Verify the operating system provides automated mechanisms for supporting account management functions. If it does not, this is a finding.

Fix: F-3716r557030_fix

Configure the operating system to provide automated mechanisms for supporting account management functions.

b

The operating system must automatically remove or disable temporary user accounts after 72 hours.

AC-2 - Medium - CCI-000016 - V-203592 - SV-203592r958364_rule

RMF Control

AC-2

Severity

M

CCI

CCI-000016

Version

SRG-OS-000002-GPOS-00002

Vuln IDs

V-203592
V-56575

Rule IDs

SV-203592r958364_rule
SV-70835

If temporary user accounts remain active when no longer needed or for an excessive period, these accounts may be used to gain unauthorized access. To mitigate this risk, automated termination of all temporary accounts must be set upon account creation. Temporary accounts are established as part of normal account activation procedures when there is a need for short-term accounts without the demand for immediacy in account activation. If temporary accounts are used, the operating system must be configured to automatically terminate these types of accounts after a DoD-defined time period of 72 hours. To address access requirements, many operating systems may be integrated with enterprise-level authentication/access mechanisms that meet or exceed access control policy requirements.

Checks: C-3717r557032_chk

Verify the operating system automatically removes or disables local temporary user accounts after 72 hours. If it does not, this is a finding.

Fix: F-3717r557033_fix

Configure the operating system to automatically remove or disable local temporary user accounts after 72 hours.

b

The operating system must audit all account creations.

AC-2 - Medium - CCI-000018 - V-203593 - SV-203593r958368_rule

RMF Control

AC-2

Severity

M

CCI

CCI-000018

Version

SRG-OS-000004-GPOS-00004

Vuln IDs

V-203593
V-56577

Rule IDs

SV-203593r958368_rule
SV-70837

Once an attacker establishes access to a system, the attacker often attempts to create a persistent method of reestablishing access. One way to accomplish this is for the attacker to create an account. Auditing account creation actions provides logging that can be used for forensic purposes. To address access requirements, many operating systems may be integrated with enterprise level authentication/access/auditing mechanisms that meet or exceed access control policy requirements.

Checks: C-3718r557035_chk

Verify the operating system automatically audits account creation. If it does not, this is a finding.

Fix: F-3718r557036_fix

Configure the operating system to automatically audit account creation.

b

The operating system must enforce the limit of three consecutive invalid logon attempts by a user during a 15-minute time period.

AC-7 - Medium - CCI-000044 - V-203594 - SV-203594r958388_rule

RMF Control

AC-7

Severity

M

CCI

CCI-000044

Version

SRG-OS-000021-GPOS-00005

Vuln IDs

V-203594
V-56579

Rule IDs

SV-203594r958388_rule
SV-70839

By limiting the number of failed logon attempts, the risk of unauthorized system access via user password guessing, otherwise known as brute-force attacks, is reduced. Limits are imposed by locking the account.

Checks: C-3719r557038_chk

Verify that the operating system enforces the limit of three consecutive invalid logon attempts by a user during a 15-minute time period. If it does not, this is a finding.

Fix: F-3719r557039_fix

Configure the operating system to enforce the limit of three consecutive invalid logon attempts by a user during a 15-minute time period.

b

The operating system must display the Standard Mandatory DoD Notice and Consent Banner before granting local or remote access to the system.

AC-8 - Medium - CCI-000048 - V-203595 - SV-203595r958390_rule

RMF Control

AC-8

Severity

M

CCI

CCI-000048

Version

SRG-OS-000023-GPOS-00006

Vuln IDs

V-203595
V-56585

Rule IDs

SV-203595r958390_rule
SV-70845

Display of a standardized and approved use notification before granting access to the operating system ensures privacy and security notification verbiage used is consistent with applicable federal laws, Executive Orders, directives, policies, regulations, standards, and guidance. System use notifications are required only for access via logon interfaces with human users and are not required when such human interfaces do not exist. The banner must be formatted in accordance with applicable DoD policy. Use the following verbiage for operating systems that can accommodate banners of 1300 characters: "You are accessing a U.S. Government (USG) Information System (IS) that is provided for USG-authorized use only. By using this IS (which includes any device attached to this IS), you consent to the following conditions: -The USG routinely intercepts and monitors communications on this IS for purposes including, but not limited to, penetration testing, COMSEC monitoring, network operations and defense, personnel misconduct (PM), law enforcement (LE), and counterintelligence (CI) investigations. -At any time, the USG may inspect and seize data stored on this IS. -Communications using, or data stored on, this IS are not private, are subject to routine monitoring, interception, and search, and may be disclosed or used for any USG-authorized purpose. -This IS includes security measures (e.g., authentication and access controls) to protect USG interests--not for your personal benefit or privacy. -Notwithstanding the above, using this IS does not constitute consent to PM, LE or CI investigative searching or monitoring of the content of privileged communications, or work product, related to personal representation or services by attorneys, psychotherapists, or clergy, and their assistants. Such communications and work product are private and confidential. See User Agreement for details." Use the following verbiage for operating systems that have severe limitations on the number of characters that can be displayed in the banner: "I've read & consent to terms in IS user agreem't."

Checks: C-3720r557041_chk

Verify the operating system displays the Standard Mandatory DoD Notice and Consent Banner before granting access to the system. The banner must be formatted in accordance with applicable DoD policy. Use the following verbiage for operating systems that can accommodate banners of 1300 characters: "You are accessing a U.S. Government (USG) Information System (IS) that is provided for USG-authorized use only. By using this IS (which includes any device attached to this IS), you consent to the following conditions: -The USG routinely intercepts and monitors communications on this IS for purposes including, but not limited to, penetration testing, COMSEC monitoring, network operations and defense, personnel misconduct (PM), law enforcement (LE), and counterintelligence (CI) investigations. -At any time, the USG may inspect and seize data stored on this IS. -Communications using, or data stored on, this IS are not private, are subject to routine monitoring, interception, and search, and may be disclosed or used for any USG-authorized purpose. -This IS includes security measures (e.g., authentication and access controls) to protect USG interests--not for your personal benefit or privacy. -Notwithstanding the above, using this IS does not constitute consent to PM, LE or CI investigative searching or monitoring of the content of privileged communications, or work product, related to personal representation or services by attorneys, psychotherapists, or clergy, and their assistants. Such communications and work product are private and confidential. See User Agreement for details." Use the following verbiage for operating systems that have severe limitations on the number of characters that can be displayed in the banner: "I've read & consent to terms in IS user agreem't." If it does not, this is a finding.

Fix: F-3720r557042_fix

Configure the operating system to display the Standard Mandatory DoD Notice and Consent Banner before granting access to the system. The banner must be formatted in accordance with applicable DoD policy. Use the following verbiage for operating systems that can accommodate banners of 1300 characters: "You are accessing a U.S. Government (USG) Information System (IS) that is provided for USG-authorized use only. By using this IS (which includes any device attached to this IS), you consent to the following conditions: -The USG routinely intercepts and monitors communications on this IS for purposes including, but not limited to, penetration testing, COMSEC monitoring, network operations and defense, personnel misconduct (PM), law enforcement (LE), and counterintelligence (CI) investigations. -At any time, the USG may inspect and seize data stored on this IS. -Communications using, or data stored on, this IS are not private, are subject to routine monitoring, interception, and search, and may be disclosed or used for any USG-authorized purpose. -This IS includes security measures (e.g., authentication and access controls) to protect USG interests--not for your personal benefit or privacy. -Notwithstanding the above, using this IS does not constitute consent to PM, LE or CI investigative searching or monitoring of the content of privileged communications, or work product, related to personal representation or services by attorneys, psychotherapists, or clergy, and their assistants. Such communications and work product are private and confidential. See User Agreement for details." Use the following verbiage for operating systems that have severe limitations on the number of characters that can be displayed in the banner: "I've read & consent to terms in IS user agreem't." If it does not, this is a finding.

b

The operating system must display the Standard Mandatory DoD Notice and Consent Banner until users acknowledge the usage conditions and take explicit actions to log on for further access.

AC-8 - Medium - CCI-000050 - V-203596 - SV-203596r958392_rule

RMF Control

AC-8

Severity

M

CCI

CCI-000050

Version

SRG-OS-000024-GPOS-00007

Vuln IDs

V-203596
V-56593

Rule IDs

SV-203596r958392_rule
SV-70853

The banner must be acknowledged by the user prior to allowing the user access to the operating system. This provides assurance that the user has seen the message and accepted the conditions for access. If the consent banner is not acknowledged by the user, DoD will not be in compliance with system use notifications required by law. To establish acceptance of the application usage policy, a click-through banner at system logon is required. The system must prevent further activity until the user executes a positive action to manifest agreement by clicking on a box indicating "OK".

Checks: C-3721r557044_chk

Verify the operating system displays the Standard Mandatory DoD Notice and Consent Banner until users acknowledge the usage conditions and take explicit actions to log on for further access. If it does not, this is a finding.

Fix: F-3721r557045_fix

Configure the operating system to display the Standard Mandatory DoD Notice and Consent Banner until users acknowledge the usage conditions and take explicit actions to log on for further access.

a

The operating system must limit the number of concurrent sessions to ten for all accounts and/or account types.

AC-10 - Low - CCI-000054 - V-203597 - SV-203597r958398_rule

RMF Control

AC-10

Severity

L

CCI

CCI-000054

Version

SRG-OS-000027-GPOS-00008

Vuln IDs

V-203597
V-56629

Rule IDs

SV-203597r958398_rule
SV-70889

Operating system management includes the ability to control the number of users and user sessions that utilize an operating system. Limiting the number of allowed users and sessions per user is helpful in reducing the risks related to DoS attacks. This requirement addresses concurrent sessions for information system accounts and does not address concurrent sessions by single users via multiple system accounts. The maximum number of concurrent sessions should be defined based upon mission needs and the operational environment for each system.

Checks: C-3722r557047_chk

Verify the operating system limits the number of concurrent sessions to ten for all accounts and/or account types. If it does not, this is a finding.

Fix: F-3722r557048_fix

Configure the operating system to limit the number of concurrent sessions to ten for all accounts and/or account types.

b

The operating system must retain a users session lock until that user reestablishes access using established identification and authentication procedures.

AC-11 - Medium - CCI-000056 - V-203598 - SV-203598r958400_rule

RMF Control

AC-11

Severity

M

CCI

CCI-000056

Version

SRG-OS-000028-GPOS-00009

Vuln IDs

V-203598
V-56631

Rule IDs

SV-203598r958400_rule
SV-70891

A session lock is a temporary action taken when a user stops work and moves away from the immediate physical vicinity of the information system but does not want to log out because of the temporary nature of the absence. The session lock is implemented at the point where session activity can be determined. Regardless of where the session lock is determined and implemented, once invoked, the session lock shall remain in place until the user re-authenticates. No other activity aside from re-authentication shall unlock the system.

Checks: C-3723r557050_chk

Verify the operating system retains a user's session lock until that user reestablishes access using established identification and authentication procedures. If it does not, this is a finding.

Fix: F-3723r557051_fix

Configure the operating system to retain a user's session lock until that user reestablishes access using established identification and authentication procedures.

b

The operating system must initiate a session lock after a 15-minute period of inactivity for all connection types.

AC-11 - Medium - CCI-000057 - V-203599 - SV-203599r958402_rule

RMF Control

AC-11

Severity

M

CCI

CCI-000057

Version

SRG-OS-000029-GPOS-00010

Vuln IDs

V-203599
V-56633

Rule IDs

SV-203599r958402_rule
SV-70893

A session time-out lock is a temporary action taken when a user stops work and moves away from the immediate physical vicinity of the information system but does not log out because of the temporary nature of the absence. Rather than relying on the user to manually lock their operating system session prior to vacating the vicinity, operating systems need to be able to identify when a user's session has idled and take action to initiate the session lock. The session lock is implemented at the point where session activity can be determined and/or controlled.

Checks: C-3724r557053_chk

Verify the operating system initiates a session lock after a 15-minute period of inactivity for all connection types. If it does not, this is a finding.

Fix: F-3724r557054_fix

Configure the operating system to initiate a session lock after a 15-minute period of inactivity for all connection types.

b

The operating system must provide the capability for users to directly initiate a session lock for all connection types.

AC-11 - Medium - CCI-000057 - V-203600 - SV-203600r982194_rule

RMF Control

AC-11

Severity

M

CCI

CCI-000057

Version

SRG-OS-000030-GPOS-00011

Vuln IDs

V-203600
V-56635

Rule IDs

SV-203600r982194_rule
SV-70895

A session lock is a temporary action taken when a user stops work and moves away from the immediate physical vicinity of the information system but does not want to log out because of the temporary nature of the absence. The session lock is implemented at the point where session activity can be determined. Rather than be forced to wait for a period of time to expire before the user session can be locked, operating systems need to provide users with the ability to manually invoke a session lock so users may secure their session should the need arise for them to temporarily vacate the immediate physical vicinity.

Checks: C-3725r557056_chk

Verify the operating system provides the capability for users to directly initiate a session lock for all connection types. If it does not, this is a finding.

Fix: F-3725r557057_fix

Configure the operating system to provide the capability for users to directly initiate a session lock for all connection types.

b

The operating system must conceal, via the session lock, information previously visible on the display with a publicly viewable image.

AC-11 - Medium - CCI-000060 - V-203601 - SV-203601r958404_rule

RMF Control

AC-11

Severity

M

CCI

CCI-000060

Version

SRG-OS-000031-GPOS-00012

Vuln IDs

V-203601
V-56637

Rule IDs

SV-203601r958404_rule
SV-70897

A session lock is a temporary action taken when a user stops work and moves away from the immediate physical vicinity of the information system but does not log out because of the temporary nature of the absence. The session lock is implemented at the point where session activity can be determined. The operating system session lock event must include an obfuscation of the display screen so as to prevent other users from reading what was previously displayed. Publicly viewable images can include static or dynamic images, for example, patterns used with screen savers, photographic images, solid colors, a clock, a battery life indicator, or a blank screen, with the additional caveat that none of the images convey sensitive information.

Checks: C-3726r557059_chk

Verify the operating system conceals, via the session lock, information previously visible on the display with a publicly viewable image. If it does not, this is a finding.

Fix: F-3726r557060_fix

Configure the operating system to conceal, via the session lock, information previously visible on the display with a publicly viewable image.

b

The operating system must monitor remote access methods.

AC-17 - Medium - CCI-000067 - V-203602 - SV-203602r958406_rule

RMF Control

AC-17

Severity

M

CCI

CCI-000067

Version

SRG-OS-000032-GPOS-00013

Vuln IDs

V-203602
V-56639

Rule IDs

SV-203602r958406_rule
SV-70899

Remote access services, such as those providing remote access to network devices and information systems, which lack automated monitoring capabilities, increase risk and make remote user access management difficult at best. Remote access is access to DoD nonpublic information systems by an authorized user (or an information system) communicating through an external, non-organization-controlled network. Remote access methods include, for example, dial-up, broadband, and wireless. Automated monitoring of remote access sessions allows organizations to detect cyber attacks and also ensure ongoing compliance with remote access policies by auditing connection activities of remote access capabilities, such as Remote Desktop Protocol (RDP), on a variety of information system components (e.g., servers, workstations, notebook computers, smartphones, and tablets).

Checks: C-3727r557062_chk

Verify the operating system monitors remote access methods. If it does not, this is a finding.

Fix: F-3727r557063_fix

Configure the operating system to monitor remote access methods.

c

The operating system must implement DoD-approved encryption to protect the confidentiality of remote access sessions.

AC-17 - High - CCI-000068 - V-203603 - SV-203603r958408_rule

RMF Control

AC-17

Severity

H

CCI

CCI-000068

Version

SRG-OS-000033-GPOS-00014

Vuln IDs

V-203603
V-56641

Rule IDs

SV-203603r958408_rule
SV-70901

Without confidentiality protection mechanisms, unauthorized individuals may gain access to sensitive information via a remote access session. Remote access is access to DoD nonpublic information systems by an authorized user (or an information system) communicating through an external, non-organization-controlled network. Remote access methods include, for example, dial-up, broadband, and wireless. Encryption provides a means to secure the remote connection to prevent unauthorized access to the data traversing the remote access connection (e.g., RDP), thereby providing a degree of confidentiality. The encryption strength of a mechanism is selected based on the security categorization of the information.

Checks: C-3728r557065_chk

Verify the operating system implements DoD-approved encryption to protect the confidentiality of remote access sessions. If it does not, this is a finding.

Fix: F-3728r557066_fix

Configure the operating system to implement DoD-approved encryption to protect the confidentiality of remote access sessions.

b

The operating system must produce audit records containing information to establish what type of events occurred.

AU-3 - Medium - CCI-000130 - V-203604 - SV-203604r958412_rule

RMF Control

AU-3

Severity

M

CCI

CCI-000130

Version

SRG-OS-000037-GPOS-00015

Vuln IDs

V-203604
V-56647

Rule IDs

SV-203604r958412_rule
SV-70907

Without establishing what type of events occurred, it would be difficult to establish, correlate, and investigate the events leading up to an outage or attack. Audit record content that may be necessary to satisfy this requirement includes, for example, time stamps, source and destination addresses, user/process identifiers, event descriptions, success/fail indications, filenames involved, and access control or flow control rules invoked. Associating event types with detected events in the operating system audit logs provides a means of investigating an attack; recognizing resource utilization or capacity thresholds; or identifying an improperly configured operating system.

Checks: C-3729r557068_chk

Verify the operating system produces audit records containing information to establish what type of events occurred. If it does not, this is a finding.

Fix: F-3729r557069_fix

Configure the operating system to produce audit records containing information to establish what type of events occurred.

b

The operating system must produce audit records containing information to establish when (date and time) the events occurred.

AU-3 - Medium - CCI-000131 - V-203605 - SV-203605r958414_rule

RMF Control

AU-3

Severity

M

CCI

CCI-000131

Version

SRG-OS-000038-GPOS-00016

Vuln IDs

V-203605
V-56649

Rule IDs

SV-203605r958414_rule
SV-70909

Without establishing when events occurred, it is impossible to establish, correlate, and investigate the events leading up to an outage or attack. In order to compile an accurate risk assessment and provide forensic analysis, it is essential for security personnel to know when events occurred (date and time). Associating event types with detected events in the operating system audit logs provides a means of investigating an attack; recognizing resource utilization or capacity thresholds; or identifying an improperly configured operating system.

Checks: C-3730r557071_chk

Verify the operating system produces audit records containing information to establish when (date and time) the events occurred. If it does not, this is a finding.

Fix: F-3730r557072_fix

Configure the operating system to produce audit records containing information to establish when (date and time) the events occurred.

b

The operating system must produce audit records containing information to establish where the events occurred.

AU-3 - Medium - CCI-000132 - V-203606 - SV-203606r958416_rule

RMF Control

AU-3

Severity

M

CCI

CCI-000132

Version

SRG-OS-000039-GPOS-00017

Vuln IDs

V-203606
V-56651

Rule IDs

SV-203606r958416_rule
SV-70911

Without establishing where events occurred, it is impossible to establish, correlate, and investigate the events leading up to an outage or attack. In order to compile an accurate risk assessment and provide forensic analysis, it is essential for security personnel to know where events occurred, such as operating system components, modules, device identifiers, node names, file names, and functionality. Associating information about where the event occurred within the operating system provides a means of investigating an attack; recognizing resource utilization or capacity thresholds; or identifying an improperly configured operating system.

Checks: C-3731r557074_chk

Verify the operating system produces audit records containing information to establish where the events occurred. If it does not, this is a finding.

Fix: F-3731r557075_fix

Configure the operating system to produce audit records containing information to establish where the events occurred.

b

The operating system must produce audit records containing information to establish the source of the events.

AU-3 - Medium - CCI-000133 - V-203607 - SV-203607r958418_rule

RMF Control

AU-3

Severity

M

CCI

CCI-000133

Version

SRG-OS-000040-GPOS-00018

Vuln IDs

V-203607
V-56653

Rule IDs

SV-203607r958418_rule
SV-70913

Without establishing the source of the event, it is impossible to establish, correlate, and investigate the events leading up to an outage or attack. In addition to logging where events occur within the operating system, the operating system must also generate audit records that identify sources of events. Sources of operating system events include, but are not limited to, processes and services. In order to compile an accurate risk assessment and provide forensic analysis, it is essential for security personnel to know the source of the event.

Checks: C-3732r557077_chk

Verify the operating system produces audit records containing information to establish the source of the events. If it does not, this is a finding.

Fix: F-3732r557078_fix

Configure the operating system to produce audit records containing information to establish the source of the events.

b

The operating system must produce audit records containing information to establish the outcome of the events.

AU-3 - Medium - CCI-000134 - V-203608 - SV-203608r958420_rule

RMF Control

AU-3

Severity

M

CCI

CCI-000134

Version

SRG-OS-000041-GPOS-00019

Vuln IDs

V-203608
V-56655

Rule IDs

SV-203608r958420_rule
SV-70915

Without information about the outcome of events, security personnel cannot make an accurate assessment as to whether an attack was successful or if changes were made to the security state of the system. Event outcomes can include indicators of event success or failure and event-specific results (e.g., the security state of the information system after the event occurred). As such, they also provide a means to measure the impact of an event and help authorized personnel to determine the appropriate response.

Checks: C-3733r557080_chk

Verify the operating system produces audit records containing information to establish the outcome of the events. If it does not, this is a finding.

Fix: F-3733r557081_fix

Configure the operating system to produce audit records containing information to establish the outcome of the events.

b

The operating system must generate audit records containing the full-text recording of privileged commands.

AU-3 - Medium - CCI-000135 - V-203609 - SV-203609r958422_rule

RMF Control

AU-3

Severity

M

CCI

CCI-000135

Version

SRG-OS-000042-GPOS-00020

Vuln IDs

V-203609
V-56657

Rule IDs

SV-203609r958422_rule
SV-70917

Reconstruction of harmful events or forensic analysis is not possible if audit records do not contain enough information. At a minimum, the organization must audit the full-text recording of privileged commands. The organization must maintain audit trails in sufficient detail to reconstruct events to determine the cause and impact of compromise.

Checks: C-3734r557083_chk

Verify the operating system generates audit records containing the full-text recording of privileged commands. If it does not, this is a finding.

Fix: F-3734r557084_fix

Configure the operating system to generate audit records containing the full-text recording of privileged commands.

b

The operating system must produce audit records containing the individual identities of group account users.

AU-3 - Medium - CCI-000135 - V-203610 - SV-203610r958422_rule

RMF Control

AU-3

Severity

M

CCI

CCI-000135

Version

SRG-OS-000042-GPOS-00021

Vuln IDs

V-203610
V-56659

Rule IDs

SV-203610r958422_rule
SV-70919

Reconstruction of harmful events or forensic analysis is not possible if audit records do not contain enough information. At a minimum, the organization must audit the individual identities of group users. The organization must maintain audit trails in sufficient detail to reconstruct events to determine the actual account involved in the activity.

Checks: C-3735r557086_chk

Verify the operating system produces audit records containing the individual identities of group account users. If it does not, this is a finding.

Fix: F-3735r557087_fix

Configure the operating system to produce audit records containing the individual identities of group account users.

b

The operating system must alert the ISSO and SA (at a minimum) in the event of an audit processing failure.

AU-5 - Medium - CCI-000139 - V-203611 - SV-203611r958424_rule

RMF Control

AU-5

Severity

M

CCI

CCI-000139

Version

SRG-OS-000046-GPOS-00022

Vuln IDs

V-203611
V-56661

Rule IDs

SV-203611r958424_rule
SV-70921

It is critical for the appropriate personnel to be aware if a system is at risk of failing to process audit logs as required. Without this notification, the security personnel may be unaware of an impending failure of the audit capability, and system operation may be adversely affected. Audit processing failures include software/hardware errors, failures in the audit capturing mechanisms, and audit storage capacity being reached or exceeded. This requirement applies to each audit data storage repository (i.e., distinct information system component where audit records are stored), the centralized audit storage capacity of organizations (i.e., all audit data storage repositories combined), or both.

Checks: C-3736r557089_chk

Verify the operating system alerts the ISSO and SA (at a minimum) in the event of an audit processing failure. If it does not, this is a finding.

Fix: F-3736r557090_fix

Configure the operating system to alert the ISSO and SA (at a minimum) in the event of an audit processing failure.

b

The operating system must shut down by default upon audit failure (unless availability is an overriding concern).

AU-5 - Medium - CCI-000140 - V-203612 - SV-203612r958426_rule

RMF Control

AU-5

Severity

M

CCI

CCI-000140

Version

SRG-OS-000047-GPOS-00023

Vuln IDs

V-203612
V-56663

Rule IDs

SV-203612r958426_rule
SV-70923

It is critical that when the operating system is at risk of failing to process audit logs as required, it takes action to mitigate the failure. Audit processing failures include: software/hardware errors; failures in the audit capturing mechanisms; and audit storage capacity being reached or exceeded. Responses to audit failure depend upon the nature of the failure mode. When availability is an overriding concern, other approved actions in response to an audit failure are as follows: 1) If the failure was caused by the lack of audit record storage capacity, the operating system must continue generating audit records if possible (automatically restarting the audit service if necessary), overwriting the oldest audit records in a first-in-first-out manner. 2) If audit records are sent to a centralized collection server and communication with this server is lost or the server fails, the operating system must queue audit records locally until communication is restored or until the audit records are retrieved manually. Upon restoration of the connection to the centralized collection server, action should be taken to synchronize the local audit data with the collection server.

Checks: C-3737r557092_chk

Verify the operating system shuts down by default upon audit failure (unless availability is an overriding concern). If it does not, this is a finding.

Fix: F-3737r557093_fix

Configure the operating system to shut down by default upon audit failure (unless availability is an overriding concern).

b

The operating system must provide the capability to centrally review and analyze audit records from multiple components within the system.

AU-6 - Medium - CCI-000154 - V-203613 - SV-203613r958428_rule

RMF Control

AU-6

Severity

M

CCI

CCI-000154

Version

SRG-OS-000051-GPOS-00024

Vuln IDs

V-203613
V-56665

Rule IDs

SV-203613r958428_rule
SV-70925

Successful incident response and auditing relies on timely, accurate system information and analysis in order to allow the organization to identify and respond to potential incidents in a proficient manner. If the operating system does not provide the ability to centrally review the operating system logs, forensic analysis is negatively impacted. Segregation of logging data to multiple disparate computer systems is counterproductive and makes log analysis and log event alarming difficult to implement and manage, particularly when the system has multiple logging components writing to different locations or systems. To support the centralized capability, the operating system must be able to provide the information in a format that can be extracted and used, allowing the application performing the centralization of the log records to meet this requirement.

Checks: C-3738r557095_chk

Verify the operating system provides the capability to centrally review and analyze audit records from multiple components within the system. If it does not, this is a finding.

Fix: F-3738r557096_fix

Configure the operating system to provide the capability to centrally review and analyze audit records from multiple components within the system.

b

The operating system must provide the capability to filter audit records for events of interest based upon all audit fields within audit records.

AU-7 - Medium - CCI-000158 - V-203614 - SV-203614r958430_rule

RMF Control

AU-7

Severity

M

CCI

CCI-000158

Version

SRG-OS-000054-GPOS-00025

Vuln IDs

V-203614
V-56667

Rule IDs

SV-203614r958430_rule
SV-70927

The ability to specify the event criteria that are of interest provides the individuals reviewing the logs with the ability to quickly isolate and identify these events without having to review entries that are of little or no consequence to the investigation. Without this capability, forensic investigations are impeded. Events of interest can be identified by the content of specific audit record fields, including, for example, identities of individuals, event types, event locations, event times, event dates, system resources involved, IP addresses involved, or information objects accessed. Organizations may define audit event criteria to any degree of granularity required, for example, locations selectable by general networking location (e.g., by network or subnetwork) or selectable by specific information system component. This requires operating systems to provide the capability to customize audit record reports based on all available criteria.

Checks: C-3739r557098_chk

Verify the operating system provides the capability to filter audit records for events of interest based upon all audit fields within audit records. If it does not, this is a finding.

Fix: F-3739r557099_fix

Configure the operating system to provide the capability to filter audit records for events of interest based upon all audit fields within audit records.

b

The operating system must use internal system clocks to generate time stamps for audit records.

AU-8 - Medium - CCI-000159 - V-203615 - SV-203615r958432_rule

RMF Control

AU-8

Severity

M

CCI

CCI-000159

Version

SRG-OS-000055-GPOS-00026

Vuln IDs

V-203615
V-56669

Rule IDs

SV-203615r958432_rule
SV-70929

Without an internal clock used as the reference for the time stored on each event to provide a trusted common reference for the time, forensic analysis would be impeded. Determining the correct time a particular event occurred on a system is critical when conducting forensic analysis and investigating system events. If the internal clock is not used, the system may not be able to provide time stamps for log messages. Additionally, externally generated time stamps may not be accurate.

Checks: C-3740r557101_chk

Verify the operating system uses internal system clocks to generate time stamps for audit records. If it does not, this is a finding.

Fix: F-3740r557102_fix

Configure the operating system to use internal system clocks to generate time stamps for audit records.

b

The operating system must protect audit information from unauthorized read access.

AU-9 - Medium - CCI-000162 - V-203616 - SV-203616r958434_rule

RMF Control

AU-9

Severity

M

CCI

CCI-000162

Version

SRG-OS-000057-GPOS-00027

Vuln IDs

V-203616
V-56671

Rule IDs

SV-203616r958434_rule
SV-70931

Unauthorized disclosure of audit records can reveal system and configuration data to attackers, thus compromising its confidentiality. Audit information includes all information (e.g., audit records, audit settings, audit reports) needed to successfully audit operating system activity.

Checks: C-3741r557572_chk

Verify the operating system protects audit information from unauthorized read access. If it does not, this is a finding.

Fix: F-3741r557573_fix

Configure the operating system to protect audit information from unauthorized read access.

b

The operating system must protect audit information from unauthorized modification.

AU-9 - Medium - CCI-000163 - V-203617 - SV-203617r958436_rule

RMF Control

AU-9

Severity

M

CCI

CCI-000163

Version

SRG-OS-000058-GPOS-00028

Vuln IDs

V-203617
V-56673

Rule IDs

SV-203617r958436_rule
SV-70933

If audit information were to become compromised, then forensic analysis and discovery of the true source of potentially malicious system activity is impossible to achieve. To ensure the veracity of audit information, the operating system must protect audit information from unauthorized modification. Audit information includes all information (e.g., audit records, audit settings, audit reports) needed to successfully audit information system activity.

Checks: C-3742r557575_chk

Verify the operating system protects audit information from unauthorized modification. If it does not, this is a finding.

Fix: F-3742r557576_fix

Configure the operating system to protect audit information from unauthorized modification.

b

The operating system must protect audit information from unauthorized deletion.

AU-9 - Medium - CCI-000164 - V-203618 - SV-203618r958438_rule

RMF Control

AU-9

Severity

M

CCI

CCI-000164

Version

SRG-OS-000059-GPOS-00029

Vuln IDs

V-203618
V-56675

Rule IDs

SV-203618r958438_rule
SV-70935

If audit information were to become compromised, then forensic analysis and discovery of the true source of potentially malicious system activity is impossible to achieve. To ensure the veracity of audit information, the operating system must protect audit information from unauthorized deletion. This requirement can be achieved through multiple methods, which will depend upon system architecture and design. Audit information includes all information (e.g., audit records, audit settings, audit reports) needed to successfully audit information system activity.

Checks: C-3743r557578_chk

Verify the operating system protects audit information from unauthorized deletion. If it does not, this is a finding.

Fix: F-3743r557579_fix

Configure the operating system to protect audit information from unauthorized deletion.

b

The operating system must provide audit record generation capability for DoD-defined auditable events for all operating system components.

AU-12 - Medium - CCI-000169 - V-203619 - SV-203619r958442_rule

RMF Control

AU-12

Severity

M

CCI

CCI-000169

Version

SRG-OS-000062-GPOS-00031

Vuln IDs

V-203619
V-56677

Rule IDs

SV-203619r958442_rule
SV-70937

Without the capability to generate audit records, it would be difficult to establish, correlate, and investigate the events relating to an incident or identify those responsible for one. Audit records can be generated from various components within the information system (e.g., module or policy filter). The list of audited events is the set of events for which audits are to be generated. This set of events is typically a subset of the list of all events for which the system is capable of generating audit records. DoD has defined the list of events for which the operating system will provide an audit record generation capability as the following: 1) Successful and unsuccessful attempts to access, modify, or delete privileges, security objects, security levels, or categories of information (e.g., classification levels); 2) Access actions, such as successful and unsuccessful logon attempts, privileged activities or other system-level access, starting and ending time for user access to the system, concurrent logons from different workstations, successful and unsuccessful accesses to objects, all program initiations, and all direct access to the information system; 3) All account creations, modifications, disabling, and terminations; and 4) All kernel module load, unload, and restart actions.

Checks: C-3744r557581_chk

Verify the operating system provides audit record generation capability for DoD-defined auditable events for all operating system components. DoD has defined the list of events for which the operating system will provide an audit record generation capability as the following: 1) Successful and unsuccessful attempts to access, modify, or delete privileges, security objects, security levels, or categories of information (e.g., classification levels); 2) Access actions, such as successful and unsuccessful logon attempts, privileged activities or other system-level access, starting and ending time for user access to the system, concurrent logons from different workstations, successful and unsuccessful accesses to objects, all program initiations, and all direct access to the information system; 3) All account creations, modifications, disabling, and terminations; and 4) All kernel module load, unload, and restart actions. If it does not, this is a finding.

Fix: F-3744r557582_fix

Configure the operating system to provide audit record generation capability for DoD-defined auditable events for all operating system components. DoD has defined the list of events for which the operating system will provide an audit record generation capability as the following: 1) Successful and unsuccessful attempts to access, modify, or delete privileges, security objects, security levels, or categories of information (e.g., classification levels); 2) Access actions, such as successful and unsuccessful logon attempts, privileged activities or other system-level access, starting and ending time for user access to the system, concurrent logons from different workstations, successful and unsuccessful accesses to objects, all program initiations, and all direct access to the information system; 3) All account creations, modifications, disabling, and terminations; and 4) All kernel module load, unload, and restart actions.

b

The operating system must allow only the ISSM (or individuals or roles appointed by the ISSM) to select which auditable events are to be audited.

AU-12 - Medium - CCI-000171 - V-203620 - SV-203620r958444_rule

RMF Control

AU-12

Severity

M

CCI

CCI-000171

Version

SRG-OS-000063-GPOS-00032

Vuln IDs

V-203620
V-56679

Rule IDs

SV-203620r958444_rule
SV-70939

Without the capability to restrict which roles and individuals can select which events are audited, unauthorized personnel may be able to prevent the auditing of critical events. Misconfigured audits may degrade the system's performance by overwhelming the audit log. Misconfigured audits may also make it more difficult to establish, correlate, and investigate the events relating to an incident or identify those responsible for one.

Checks: C-3745r557584_chk

Verify the operating system allows only the ISSM (or individuals or roles appointed by the ISSM) to select which auditable events are to be audited. If it does not, this is a finding.

Fix: F-3745r557585_fix

Configure the operating system to allow only the ISSM (or individuals or roles appointed by the ISSM) to select which auditable events are to be audited.

b

The operating system must generate audit records when successful/unsuccessful attempts to access privileges occur.

AU-12 - Medium - CCI-000172 - V-203621 - SV-203621r958446_rule

RMF Control

AU-12

Severity

M

CCI

Version

SRG-OS-000064-GPOS-00033

Vuln IDs

V-203621
V-56681

Rule IDs

SV-203621r958446_rule
SV-70941

Without generating audit records that are specific to the security and mission needs of the organization, it would be difficult to establish, correlate, and investigate the events relating to an incident or identify those responsible for one. Audit records can be generated from various components within the information system (e.g., module or policy filter).

Checks: C-3746r557587_chk

Verify the operating system generates audit records when successful/unsuccessful attempts to access privileges occur. If it does not, this is a finding.

Fix: F-3746r557588_fix

Configure the operating system to generate audit records when successful/unsuccessful attempts to access privileges occur.

b

The operating system, for PKI-based authentication, must validate certificates by constructing a certification path (which includes status information) to an accepted trust anchor.

IA-5 - Medium - CCI-000185 - V-203622 - SV-203622r958448_rule

RMF Control

IA-5

Severity

M

CCI

CCI-000185

Version

SRG-OS-000066-GPOS-00034

Vuln IDs

V-203622
V-56683

Rule IDs

SV-203622r958448_rule
SV-70943

Without path validation, an informed trust decision by the relying party cannot be made when presented with any certificate not already explicitly trusted. A trust anchor is an authoritative entity represented via a public key and associated data. It is used in the context of public key infrastructures, X.509 digital certificates, and DNSSEC. When there is a chain of trust, usually the top entity to be trusted becomes the trust anchor; it can be, for example, a Certification Authority (CA). A certification path starts with the subject certificate and proceeds through a number of intermediate certificates up to a trusted root certificate, typically issued by a trusted CA. This requirement verifies that a certification path to an accepted trust anchor is used for certificate validation and that the path includes status information. Path validation is necessary for a relying party to make an informed trust decision when presented with any certificate not already explicitly trusted. Status information for certification paths includes certificate revocation lists or online certificate status protocol responses. Validation of the certificate status information is out of scope for this requirement.

Checks: C-3747r557590_chk

Verify the operating system, for PKI-based authentication, validates certificates by constructing a certification path (which includes status information) to an accepted trust anchor. If it does not, this is a finding.

Fix: F-3747r557591_fix

Configure the operating system, for PKI-based authentication, to validate certificates by constructing a certification path (which includes status information) to an accepted trust anchor.

b

The operating system, for PKI-based authentication, must enforce authorized access to the corresponding private key.

IA-5 - Medium - CCI-000186 - V-203623 - SV-203623r958450_rule

RMF Control

IA-5

Severity

M

CCI

CCI-000186

Version

SRG-OS-000067-GPOS-00035

Vuln IDs

V-203623
V-56685

Rule IDs

SV-203623r958450_rule
SV-70945

If the private key is discovered, an attacker can use the key to authenticate as an authorized user and gain access to the network infrastructure. The cornerstone of the PKI is the private key used to encrypt or digitally sign information. If the private key is stolen, this will lead to the compromise of the authentication and non-repudiation gained through PKI because the attacker can use the private key to digitally sign documents and pretend to be the authorized user. Both the holders of a digital certificate and the issuing authority must protect the computers, storage devices, or whatever they use to keep the private keys.

Checks: C-3748r557593_chk

Verify the operating system, for PKI-based authentication, enforces authorized access to the corresponding private key. If it does not, this is a finding.

Fix: F-3748r557594_fix

Configure the operating system, for PKI-based authentication, to enforce authorized access to the corresponding private key.

b

The operating system must map the authenticated identity to the user or group account for PKI-based authentication.

IA-5 - Medium - CCI-000187 - V-203624 - SV-203624r958452_rule

RMF Control

IA-5

Severity

M

CCI

CCI-000187

Version

SRG-OS-000068-GPOS-00036

Vuln IDs

V-203624
V-56687

Rule IDs

SV-203624r958452_rule
SV-70947

Without mapping the certificate used to authenticate to the user account, the ability to determine the identity of the individual user or group will not be available for forensic analysis.

Checks: C-3749r557596_chk

Verify the operating system maps the authenticated identity to the user or group account for PKI-based authentication. If it does not, this is a finding.

Fix: F-3749r557597_fix

Configure the operating system to map the authenticated identity to the user or group account for PKI-based authentication.

b

The operating system must enforce password complexity by requiring that at least one uppercase character be used.

Medium - CCI-004066 - V-203625 - SV-203625r982195_rule

RMF Control

Severity

M

CCI

Version

SRG-OS-000069-GPOS-00037

Vuln IDs

V-203625
V-56689

Rule IDs

SV-203625r982195_rule
SV-70949

Use of a complex password helps to increase the time and resources required to compromise the password. Password complexity, or strength, is a measure of the effectiveness of a password in resisting attempts at guessing and brute-force attacks. Password complexity is one factor of several that determines how long it takes to crack a password. The more complex the password, the greater the number of possible combinations that need to be tested before the password is compromised.

Checks: C-3750r982120_chk

Verify the operating system enforces password complexity by requiring that at least one uppercase character be used. If it does not, this is a finding.

Fix: F-3750r982121_fix

Configure the operating system to enforce password complexity by requiring that at least one uppercase character be used.

b

The operating system must enforce password complexity by requiring that at least one lowercase character be used.

Medium - CCI-004066 - V-203626 - SV-203626r982196_rule

RMF Control

Severity

M

CCI

Version

SRG-OS-000070-GPOS-00038

Vuln IDs

V-203626
V-56691

Rule IDs

SV-203626r982196_rule
SV-70951

Use of a complex password helps to increase the time and resources required to compromise the password. Password complexity, or strength, is a measure of the effectiveness of a password in resisting attempts at guessing and brute-force attacks. Password complexity is one factor of several that determines how long it takes to crack a password. The more complex the password, the greater the number of possible combinations that need to be tested before the password is compromised.

Checks: C-3751r982123_chk

Verify the operating system enforces password complexity by requiring that at least one lowercase character be used. If it does not, this is a finding.

Fix: F-3751r982124_fix

Configure the operating system to enforce password complexity by requiring that at least one lowercase character be used.

b

The operating system must enforce password complexity by requiring that at least one numeric character be used.

Medium - CCI-004066 - V-203627 - SV-203627r982197_rule

RMF Control

Severity

M

CCI

Version

SRG-OS-000071-GPOS-00039

Vuln IDs

V-203627
V-56693

Rule IDs

SV-203627r982197_rule
SV-70953

Use of a complex password helps to increase the time and resources required to compromise the password. Password complexity, or strength, is a measure of the effectiveness of a password in resisting attempts at guessing and brute-force attacks. Password complexity is one factor of several that determines how long it takes to crack a password. The more complex the password, the greater the number of possible combinations that need to be tested before the password is compromised.

Checks: C-3752r557605_chk

Verify the operating system enforces password complexity by requiring that at least one numeric character be used. If it does not, this is a finding.

Fix: F-3752r557606_fix

Configure the operating system to enforce password complexity by requiring that at least one numeric character be used.

b

The operating system must require the change of at least 50 percent of the total number of characters when passwords are changed.

Medium - CCI-004066 - V-203628 - SV-203628r982198_rule

RMF Control

Severity

M

CCI

Version

SRG-OS-000072-GPOS-00040

Vuln IDs

V-203628
V-56695

Rule IDs

SV-203628r982198_rule
SV-70955

If the operating system allows the user to consecutively reuse extensive portions of passwords, this increases the chances of password compromise by increasing the window of opportunity for attempts at guessing and brute-force attacks. The number of changed characters refers to the number of changes required with respect to the total number of positions in the current password. In other words, characters may be the same within the two passwords; however, the positions of the like characters must be different. If the password length is an odd number then number of changed characters must be rounded up. For example, a password length of 15 characters must require the change of at least eight characters.

Checks: C-3753r557608_chk

Verify the operating system requires the change of at least eight of the total number of characters when passwords are changed. If it does not, this is a finding.

Fix: F-3753r557609_fix

Configure the operating system to require the change of at least eight of the total number of characters when passwords are changed.

c

The operating system must store only encrypted representations of passwords.

High - CCI-004062 - V-203629 - SV-203629r982199_rule

RMF Control

Severity

H

CCI

CCI-004062

Version

SRG-OS-000073-GPOS-00041

Vuln IDs

V-203629
V-56697

Rule IDs

SV-203629r982199_rule
SV-70957

Passwords need to be protected at all times, and encryption is the standard method for protecting passwords. If passwords are not encrypted, they can be plainly read (i.e., clear text) and easily compromised.

Checks: C-3754r557611_chk

Verify the operating system stores only encrypted representations of passwords. If it does not, this is a finding.

Fix: F-3754r557612_fix

Configure the operating system to store only encrypted representations of passwords.

c

The operating system must transmit only encrypted representations of passwords.

IA-5 - High - CCI-000197 - V-203630 - SV-203630r987796_rule

RMF Control

IA-5

Severity

H

CCI

CCI-000197

Version

SRG-OS-000074-GPOS-00042

Vuln IDs

V-203630
V-56699

Rule IDs

SV-203630r987796_rule
SV-70959

Passwords need to be protected at all times, and encryption is the standard method for protecting passwords. If passwords are not encrypted, they can be plainly read (i.e., clear text) and easily compromised.

Checks: C-3755r557614_chk

Verify the operating system transmits only encrypted representations of passwords. If it does not, this is a finding.

Fix: F-3755r557615_fix

Configure the operating system to transmit only encrypted representations of passwords.

b

Operating systems must enforce 24 hours/1 day as the minimum password lifetime.

Medium - CCI-004066 - V-203631 - SV-203631r982188_rule

RMF Control

Severity

M

CCI

Version

SRG-OS-000075-GPOS-00043

Vuln IDs

V-203631
V-56701

Rule IDs

SV-203631r982188_rule
SV-70961

Enforcing a minimum password lifetime helps to prevent repeated password changes to defeat the password reuse or history enforcement requirement. If users are allowed to immediately and continually change their password, then the password could be repeatedly changed in a short period of time to defeat the organization's policy regarding password reuse.

Checks: C-3756r557617_chk

Verify operating system enforces 24 hours/1 day as the minimum password lifetime. If it does not, this is a finding.

Fix: F-3756r557618_fix

Configure operating system to enforce 24 hours/1 day as the minimum password lifetime.

b

Operating systems must enforce a 60-day maximum password lifetime restriction.

Medium - CCI-004066 - V-203632 - SV-203632r982200_rule

RMF Control

Severity

M

CCI

Version

SRG-OS-000076-GPOS-00044

Vuln IDs

V-203632
V-56703

Rule IDs

SV-203632r982200_rule
SV-70963

Any password, no matter how complex, can eventually be cracked; therefore, passwords need to be changed periodically. If the operating system does not limit the lifetime of passwords and force users to change their passwords, there is the risk that the operating system passwords could be compromised.

Checks: C-3757r557620_chk

Verify operating system enforces a 60-day maximum password lifetime restriction. If it does not, this is a finding.

Fix: F-3757r557621_fix

Configure operating system to enforce a 60-day maximum password lifetime restriction.

b

The operating system must enforce a minimum 15-character password length.

Medium - CCI-004066 - V-203634 - SV-203634r982202_rule

RMF Control

Severity

M

CCI

Version

SRG-OS-000078-GPOS-00046

Vuln IDs

V-203634
V-56743

Rule IDs

SV-203634r982202_rule
SV-71003

The shorter the password, the lower the number of possible combinations that need to be tested before the password is compromised. Password complexity, or strength, is a measure of the effectiveness of a password in resisting attempts at guessing and brute-force attacks. Password length is one factor of several that helps to determine strength and how long it takes to crack a password. Use of more characters in a password helps to exponentially increase the time and/or resources required to compromise the password.

Checks: C-3759r557626_chk

Verify the operating system enforces a minimum 15-character password length. If it does not, this is a finding.

Fix: F-3759r557627_fix

Configure the operating system to enforce a minimum 15-character password length.

b

The operating system must obscure feedback of authentication information during the authentication process to protect the information from possible exploitation/use by unauthorized individuals.

IA-6 - Medium - CCI-000206 - V-203635 - SV-203635r958470_rule

RMF Control

IA-6

Severity

M

CCI

CCI-000206

Version

SRG-OS-000079-GPOS-00047

Vuln IDs

V-203635
V-56745

Rule IDs

SV-203635r958470_rule
SV-71005

To prevent the compromise of authentication information, such as passwords during the authentication process, the feedback from the operating system shall not provide any information allowing an unauthorized user to compromise the authentication mechanism. Obfuscation of user-provided information that is typed into the system is a method used when addressing this risk. For example, displaying asterisks when a user types in a password is an example of obscuring feedback of authentication information.

Checks: C-3760r557629_chk

Verify the operating system obscures feedback of authentication information during the authentication process to protect the information from possible exploitation/use by unauthorized individuals. If it does not, this is a finding.

Fix: F-3760r557630_fix

Configure the operating system to obscure feedback of authentication information during the authentication process to protect the information from possible exploitation/use by unauthorized individuals.

b

The operating system must enforce approved authorizations for logical access to information and system resources in accordance with applicable access control policies.

AC-3 - Medium - CCI-000213 - V-203636 - SV-203636r958472_rule

RMF Control

AC-3

Severity

M

CCI

CCI-000213

Version

SRG-OS-000080-GPOS-00048

Vuln IDs

V-203636
V-56747

Rule IDs

SV-203636r958472_rule
SV-71007

To mitigate the risk of unauthorized access to sensitive information by entities that have been issued certificates by DoD-approved PKIs, all DoD systems (e.g., web servers and web portals) must be properly configured to incorporate access control methods that do not rely solely on the possession of a certificate for access. Successful authentication must not automatically give an entity access to an asset or security boundary. Authorization procedures and controls must be implemented to ensure each authenticated entity also has a validated and current authorization. Authorization is the process of determining whether an entity, once authenticated, is permitted to access a specific asset. Information systems use access control policies and enforcement mechanisms to implement this requirement. Access control policies include: identity-based policies, role-based policies, and attribute-based policies. Access enforcement mechanisms include: access control lists, access control matrices, and cryptography. These policies and mechanisms must be employed by the application to control access between users (or processes acting on behalf of users) and objects (e.g., devices, files, records, processes, programs, and domains) in the information system.

Checks: C-3761r557632_chk

Verify the operating system enforces approved authorizations for logical access to information and system resources in accordance with applicable access control policies. If it does not, this is a finding.

Fix: F-3761r557633_fix

Configure the operating system to enforce approved authorizations for logical access to information and system resources in accordance with applicable access control policies.

b

The operating system must be configured to disable non-essential capabilities.

CM-7 - Medium - CCI-000381 - V-203637 - SV-203637r958478_rule

RMF Control

CM-7

Severity

M

CCI

CCI-000381

Version

SRG-OS-000095-GPOS-00049

Vuln IDs

V-203637
V-56749

Rule IDs

SV-203637r958478_rule
SV-71009

It is detrimental for operating systems to provide, or install by default, functionality exceeding requirements or mission objectives. These unnecessary capabilities or services are often overlooked and therefore may remain unsecured. They increase the risk to the platform by providing additional attack vectors. Operating systems are capable of providing a wide variety of functions and services. Some of the functions and services, provided by default, may not be necessary to support essential organizational operations (e.g., key missions, functions). Examples of non-essential capabilities include, but are not limited to, games, software packages, tools, and demonstration software, not related to requirements or providing a wide array of functionality not required for every mission, but which cannot be disabled.

Checks: C-3762r557635_chk

Verify the operating system is configured to disable non-essential capabilities. If it does not, this is a finding.

Fix: F-3762r557637_fix

Configure the operating system to disable non-essential capabilities.

b

The operating system must be configured to prohibit or restrict the use of functions, ports, protocols, and/or services, as defined in the PPSM CAL and vulnerability assessments.

CM-7 - Medium - CCI-000382 - V-203638 - SV-203638r958480_rule

RMF Control

CM-7

Severity

M

CCI

CCI-000382

Version

SRG-OS-000096-GPOS-00050

Vuln IDs

V-203638
V-56751

Rule IDs

SV-203638r958480_rule
SV-71011

In order to prevent unauthorized connection of devices, unauthorized transfer of information, or unauthorized tunneling (i.e., embedding of data types within data types), organizations must disable or restrict unused or unnecessary physical and logical ports/protocols on information systems. Operating systems are capable of providing a wide variety of functions and services. Some of the functions and services provided by default may not be necessary to support essential organizational operations. Additionally, it is sometimes convenient to provide multiple services from a single component (e.g., VPN and IPS); however, doing so increases risk over limiting the services provided by any one component. To support the requirements and principles of least functionality, the operating system must support the organizational requirements, providing only essential capabilities and limiting the use of ports, protocols, and/or services to only those required, authorized, and approved to conduct official business or to address authorized quality of life issues.

Checks: C-3763r557640_chk

Verify the operating system is configured to prohibit or restrict the use of functions, ports, protocols, and/or services, as defined in the PPSM CAL and vulnerability assessments. If it does not, this is a finding.

Fix: F-3763r557641_fix

Configure the operating system to prohibit or restrict the use of functions, ports, protocols, and/or services, as defined in the PPSM CAL and vulnerability assessments.

b

The operating system must uniquely identify and must authenticate organizational users (or processes acting on behalf of organizational users).

IA-2 - Medium - CCI-000764 - V-203639 - SV-203639r958482_rule

RMF Control

IA-2

Severity

M

CCI

CCI-000764

Version

SRG-OS-000104-GPOS-00051

Vuln IDs

V-203639
V-56753

Rule IDs

SV-203639r958482_rule
SV-71013

To assure accountability and prevent unauthenticated access, organizational users must be identified and authenticated to prevent potential misuse and compromise of the system. Organizational users include organizational employees or individuals the organization deems to have equivalent status of employees (e.g., contractors). Organizational users (and processes acting on behalf of users) must be uniquely identified and authenticated to all accesses, except for the following: 1) Accesses explicitly identified and documented by the organization. Organizations document specific user actions that can be performed on the information system without identification or authentication; and 2) Accesses that occur through authorized use of group authenticators without individual authentication. Organizations may require unique identification of individuals in group accounts (e.g., shared privilege accounts) or for detailed accountability of individual activity.

Checks: C-3764r557643_chk

Verify the operating system uniquely identifies and authenticates organizational users (or processes acting on behalf of organizational users). If it does not, this is a finding.

Fix: F-3764r557644_fix

Configure the operating system to uniquely identify and authenticate organizational users (or processes acting on behalf of organizational users).

b

The operating system must use multifactor authentication for network access to privileged accounts.

IA-2 - Medium - CCI-000765 - V-203640 - SV-203640r958484_rule

RMF Control

IA-2

Severity

M

CCI

CCI-000765

Version

SRG-OS-000105-GPOS-00052

Vuln IDs

V-203640
V-56755

Rule IDs

SV-203640r958484_rule
SV-71015

Without the use of multifactor authentication, the ease of access to privileged functions is greatly increased. Multifactor authentication requires using two or more factors to achieve authentication. Factors include: 1) something a user knows (e.g., password/PIN); 2) something a user has (e.g., cryptographic identification device, token); and 3) something a user is (e.g., biometric). A privileged account is defined as an information system account with authorizations of a privileged user. Network access is defined as access to an information system by a user (or a process acting on behalf of a user) communicating through a network (e.g., local area network, wide area network, or the Internet). The DoD CAC with DoD-approved PKI is an example of multifactor authentication.

Checks: C-3765r557646_chk

Verify the operating system uses multifactor authentication for network access to privileged accounts. If it does not, this is a finding.

Fix: F-3765r557647_fix

Configure the operating system to use multifactor authentication for network access to privileged accounts.

b

The operating system must use multifactor authentication for network access to non-privileged accounts.

IA-2 - Medium - CCI-000766 - V-203641 - SV-203641r958486_rule

RMF Control

IA-2

Severity

M

CCI

CCI-000766

Version

SRG-OS-000106-GPOS-00053

Vuln IDs

V-203641
V-56757

Rule IDs

SV-203641r958486_rule
SV-71017

To assure accountability and prevent unauthenticated access, non-privileged users must utilize multifactor authentication to prevent potential misuse and compromise of the system. Multifactor authentication uses two or more factors to achieve authentication. Factors include: 1) Something you know (e.g., password/PIN); 2) Something you have (e.g., cryptographic identification device, token); and 3) Something you are (e.g., biometric). A non-privileged account is any information system account with authorizations of a non-privileged user. Network access is any access to an application by a user (or process acting on behalf of a user) where said access is obtained through a network connection. The DoD CAC with DoD-approved PKI is an example of multifactor authentication.

Checks: C-3766r557168_chk

Verify the operating system uses multifactor authentication for network access to non-privileged accounts. If it does not, this is a finding.

Fix: F-3766r557169_fix

Configure the operating system to use multifactor authentication for network access to non-privileged accounts.

b

The operating system must use multifactor authentication for local access to privileged accounts.

IA-2 - Medium - CCI-000765 - V-203642 - SV-203642r982203_rule

RMF Control

IA-2

Severity

M

CCI

CCI-000765

Version

SRG-OS-000107-GPOS-00054

Vuln IDs

V-203642
V-56759

Rule IDs

SV-203642r982203_rule
SV-71019

To ensure accountability and prevent unauthenticated access, privileged users must utilize multifactor authentication to prevent potential misuse and compromise of the system. Multifactor authentication is defined as using two or more factors to achieve authentication. Factors include: 1) Something you know (e.g., password/PIN); 2) Something you have (e.g., cryptographic identification device, token); and 3) Something you are (e.g., biometric). A privileged account is defined as an operating system account with authorizations of a privileged user. Local access is defined as access to an organizational information system by a user (or process acting on behalf of a user) communicating through a direct connection without the use of a network. The DOD CAC with DOD-approved PKI is an example of multifactor authentication.

Checks: C-3767r557171_chk

Verify the operating system uses multifactor authentication for local access to privileged accounts. If it does not, this is a finding.

Fix: F-3767r557172_fix

Configure the operating system to use multifactor authentication for local access to privileged accounts.

b

The operating system must use multifactor authentication for local access to nonprivileged accounts.

IA-2 - Medium - CCI-000766 - V-203643 - SV-203643r982204_rule

RMF Control

IA-2

Severity

M

CCI

CCI-000766

Version

SRG-OS-000108-GPOS-00055

Vuln IDs

V-203643
V-56761

Rule IDs

SV-203643r982204_rule
SV-71021

To ensure accountability, prevent unauthenticated access, and prevent misuse of the system, nonprivileged users must utilize multifactor authentication for local access. Multifactor authentication is defined as using two or more factors to achieve authentication. Factors include: 1) Something you know (e.g., password/PIN); 2) Something you have (e.g., cryptographic identification device or token); and 3) Something you are (e.g., biometric). A nonprivileged account is defined as an operating system account with authorizations of a regular or nonprivileged user. Local access is defined as access to an organizational information system by a user (or process acting on behalf of a user) communicating through a direct connection without the use of a network. The DOD CAC with DOD-approved PKI is an example of multifactor authentication.

Checks: C-3768r982133_chk

Verify the operating system uses multifactor authentication for local access to nonprivileged accounts. If it does not, this is a finding.

Fix: F-3768r982134_fix

Configure the operating system to use multifactor authentication for local access to nonprivileged accounts.

b

The operating system must require individuals to be authenticated with an individual authenticator prior to using a group authenticator.

Medium - CCI-004045 - V-203644 - SV-203644r982205_rule

RMF Control

Severity

M

CCI

CCI-004045

Version

SRG-OS-000109-GPOS-00056

Vuln IDs

V-203644
V-56763

Rule IDs

SV-203644r982205_rule
SV-71023

To ensure individual accountability and prevent unauthorized access, organizational users must be individually identified and authenticated. A group authenticator is a generic account used by multiple individuals. Use of a group authenticator alone does not uniquely identify individual users. Examples of the group authenticator is the Unix OS "root" user account, the Windows "Administrator" account, the "sa" account, or a "helpdesk" account. For example, the Unix and Windows operating systems offer a "switch user" capability allowing users to authenticate with their individual credentials and, when needed, "switch" to the administrator role. This method provides for unique individual authentication prior to using a group authenticator. Users (and any processes acting on behalf of users) need to be uniquely identified and authenticated for all accesses other than those accesses explicitly identified and documented by the organization, which outlines specific user actions that can be performed on the operating system without identification or authentication. Requiring individuals to be authenticated with an individual authenticator prior to using a group authenticator allows for traceability of actions, as well as adding an additional level of protection of the actions that can be taken with group account knowledge.

Checks: C-3769r557177_chk

Verify the operating system requires individuals to be authenticated with an individual authenticator prior to using a group authenticator. If it does not, this is a finding.

Fix: F-3769r557178_fix

Configure the operating system to require individuals to be authenticated with an individual authenticator prior to using a group authenticator.

b

The operating system must implement replay-resistant authentication mechanisms for network access to privileged accounts.

IA-2 - Medium - CCI-001941 - V-203645 - SV-203645r958494_rule

RMF Control

IA-2

Severity

M

CCI

CCI-001941

Version

SRG-OS-000112-GPOS-00057

Vuln IDs

V-203645
V-56765

Rule IDs

SV-203645r958494_rule
SV-71025

A replay attack may enable an unauthorized user to gain access to the operating system. Authentication sessions between the authenticator and the operating system validating the user credentials must not be vulnerable to a replay attack. An authentication process resists replay attacks if it is impractical to achieve a successful authentication by recording and replaying a previous authentication message. A privileged account is any information system account with authorizations of a privileged user. Techniques used to address this include protocols using nonces (e.g., numbers generated for a specific one-time use) or challenges (e.g., TLS, WS_Security). Additional techniques include time-synchronous or challenge-response one-time authenticators.

Checks: C-3770r557180_chk

Verify the operating system implements replay-resistant authentication mechanisms for network access to privileged accounts. If it does not, this is a finding.

Fix: F-3770r557181_fix

Configure the operating system to implement replay-resistant authentication mechanisms for network access to privileged accounts.

b

The operating system must implement replay-resistant authentication mechanisms for network access to nonprivileged accounts.

IA-2 - Medium - CCI-001941 - V-203646 - SV-203646r982206_rule

RMF Control

IA-2

Severity

M

CCI

CCI-001941

Version

SRG-OS-000113-GPOS-00058

Vuln IDs

V-203646
V-56767

Rule IDs

SV-203646r982206_rule
SV-71027

A replay attack may enable an unauthorized user to gain access to the operating system. Authentication sessions between the authenticator and the operating system validating the user credentials must not be vulnerable to a replay attack. An authentication process resists replay attacks if it is impractical to achieve a successful authentication by recording and replaying a previous authentication message. A nonprivileged account is any operating system account with authorizations of a nonprivileged user. Techniques used to address this include protocols using nonces (e.g., numbers generated for a specific one-time use) or challenges (e.g., TLS, WS_Security). Additional techniques include time-synchronous or challenge-response one-time authenticators.

Checks: C-3771r982137_chk

Verify the operating system implements replay-resistant authentication mechanisms for network access to nonprivileged accounts. If it does not, this is a finding.

Fix: F-3771r982138_fix

Configure the operating system to implement replay-resistant authentication mechanisms for network access to nonprivileged accounts.

b

The operating system must uniquely identify peripherals before establishing a connection.

IA-3 - Medium - CCI-000778 - V-203647 - SV-203647r958498_rule

RMF Control

IA-3

Severity

M

CCI

CCI-000778

Version

SRG-OS-000114-GPOS-00059

Vuln IDs

V-203647
V-56769

Rule IDs

SV-203647r958498_rule
SV-71029

Without identifying devices, unidentified or unknown devices may be introduced, thereby facilitating malicious activity. Peripherals include, but are not limited to, such devices as flash drives, external storage, and printers.

Checks: C-3772r557186_chk

Verify the operating system uniquely identifies peripherals before establishing a connection. If it does not, this is a finding.

Fix: F-3772r557187_fix

Configure the operating system to uniquely identify peripherals before establishing a connection.

b

The operating system must disable account identifiers (individuals, groups, roles, and devices) after 35 days of inactivity.

Medium - CCI-003627 - V-203648 - SV-203648r982189_rule

RMF Control

Severity

M

CCI

CCI-003627

Version

SRG-OS-000118-GPOS-00060

Vuln IDs

V-203648
V-56771

Rule IDs

SV-203648r982189_rule
SV-71031

Inactive identifiers pose a risk to systems and applications because attackers may exploit an inactive identifier and potentially obtain undetected access to the system. Owners of inactive accounts will not notice if unauthorized access to their user account has been obtained. Operating systems need to track periods of inactivity and disable application identifiers after 35 days of inactivity.

Checks: C-3773r557189_chk

Verify the operating system disables account identifiers (individuals, groups, roles, and devices) after 35 days of inactivity. If it does not, this is a finding.

Fix: F-3773r557190_fix

Configure the operating system to disable account identifiers (individuals, groups, roles, and devices) after 35 days of inactivity.

b

The operating system must use mechanisms meeting the requirements of applicable federal laws, Executive orders, directives, policies, regulations, standards, and guidance for authentication to a cryptographic module.

IA-7 - Medium - CCI-000803 - V-203649 - SV-203649r971535_rule

RMF Control

IA-7

Severity

M

CCI

CCI-000803

Version

SRG-OS-000120-GPOS-00061

Vuln IDs

V-203649
V-56785

Rule IDs

SV-203649r971535_rule
SV-71045

Unapproved mechanisms that are used for authentication to the cryptographic module are not verified and therefore cannot be relied upon to provide confidentiality or integrity, and DoD data may be compromised. Operating systems utilizing encryption are required to use FIPS-compliant mechanisms for authenticating to cryptographic modules. FIPS 140-2/140-3 is the current standard for validating that mechanisms used to access cryptographic modules utilize authentication that meets DoD requirements. This allows for Security Levels 1, 2, 3, or 4 for use on a general purpose computing system.

Checks: C-3774r557192_chk

Verify the operating system uses mechanisms meeting the requirements of applicable federal laws, Executive orders, directives, policies, regulations, standards, and guidance for authentication to a cryptographic module. If it does not, this is a finding.

Fix: F-3774r557193_fix

Configure the operating system to use mechanisms meeting the requirements of applicable federal laws, Executive orders, directives, policies, regulations, standards, and guidance for authentication to a cryptographic module.

b

The operating system must uniquely identify and must authenticate non-organizational users (or processes acting on behalf of non-organizational users).

IA-8 - Medium - CCI-000804 - V-203650 - SV-203650r958504_rule

RMF Control

IA-8

Severity

M

CCI

CCI-000804

Version

SRG-OS-000121-GPOS-00062

Vuln IDs

V-203650
V-56791

Rule IDs

SV-203650r958504_rule
SV-71051

Lack of authentication and identification enables non-organizational users to gain access to the application or possibly other information systems and provides an opportunity for intruders to compromise resources within the application or information system. Non-organizational users include all information system users other than organizational users, which include organizational employees or individuals the organization deems to have equivalent status of an employee (e.g., contractors and guest researchers). Non-organizational users shall be uniquely identified and authenticated for all accesses other than those accesses explicitly identified and documented by the organization when related to the use of anonymous access.

Checks: C-3775r557195_chk

Verify the operating system uniquely identifies and authenticates non-organizational users (or processes acting on behalf of non-organizational users). If it does not, this is a finding.

Fix: F-3775r557196_fix

Configure the operating system to uniquely identify and authenticate non-organizational users (or processes acting on behalf of non-organizational users).

b

The operating system must provide an audit reduction capability that supports on-demand reporting requirements.

AU-7 - Medium - CCI-001876 - V-203651 - SV-203651r958506_rule

RMF Control

AU-7

Severity

M

CCI

CCI-001876

Version

SRG-OS-000122-GPOS-00063

Vuln IDs

V-203651
V-56799

Rule IDs

SV-203651r958506_rule
SV-71059

The ability to generate on-demand reports, including after the audit data has been subjected to audit reduction, greatly facilitates the organization's ability to generate incident reports as needed to better handle larger-scale or more complex security incidents. Audit reduction is a process that manipulates collected audit information and organizes such information in a summary format that is more meaningful to analysts. The report generation capability provided by the application must support on-demand (i.e., customizable, ad hoc, and as-needed) reports.

Checks: C-3776r557198_chk

Verify the operating system provides an audit reduction capability that supports on-demand reporting requirements. If it does not, this is a finding.

Fix: F-3776r557199_fix

Configure the operating system to provide an audit reduction capability that supports on-demand reporting requirements.

b

The information system must automatically remove or disable emergency accounts after the crisis is resolved or 72 hours.

AC-2 - Medium - CCI-001682 - V-203652 - SV-203652r958508_rule

RMF Control

AC-2

Severity

M

CCI

CCI-001682

Version

SRG-OS-000123-GPOS-00064

Vuln IDs

V-203652
V-56805

Rule IDs

SV-203652r958508_rule
SV-71065

Emergency accounts are privileged accounts that are established in response to crisis situations where the need for rapid account activation is required. Therefore, emergency account activation may bypass normal account authorization processes. If these accounts are automatically disabled, system maintenance during emergencies may not be possible, thus adversely affecting system availability. Emergency accounts are different from infrequently used accounts (i.e., local logon accounts used by the organization's system administrators when network or normal logon/access is not available). Infrequently used accounts are not subject to automatic termination dates. Emergency accounts are accounts created in response to crisis situations, usually for use by maintenance personnel. The automatic expiration or disabling time period may be extended as needed until the crisis is resolved; however, it must not be extended indefinitely. A permanent account should be established for privileged users who need long-term maintenance accounts. To address access requirements, many operating systems can be integrated with enterprise-level authentication/access mechanisms that meet or exceed access control policy requirements.

Checks: C-3777r557201_chk

Verify the operating system is configured such that emergency administrator accounts are automatically removed or disabled within 72 hours. If it is not, this is a finding.

Fix: F-3777r557202_fix

Configure the operating system such that emergency administrator accounts are automatically removed or disabled within 72 hours.

c

The operating system must employ strong authenticators in the establishment of nonlocal maintenance and diagnostic sessions.

MA-4 - High - CCI-000877 - V-203653 - SV-203653r958510_rule

RMF Control

MA-4

Severity

H

CCI

CCI-000877

Version

SRG-OS-000125-GPOS-00065

Vuln IDs

V-203653
V-56811

Rule IDs

SV-203653r958510_rule
SV-71071

If maintenance tools are used by unauthorized personnel, they may accidentally or intentionally damage or compromise the system. The act of managing systems and applications includes the ability to access sensitive application information, such as system configuration details, diagnostic information, user information, and potentially sensitive application data. Some maintenance and test tools are either standalone devices with their own operating systems or are applications bundled with an operating system. Nonlocal maintenance and diagnostic activities are those activities conducted by individuals communicating through a network, either an external network (e.g., the Internet) or an internal network. Local maintenance and diagnostic activities are those activities carried out by individuals physically present at the information system or information system component and not communicating across a network connection. Typically, strong authentication requires authenticators that are resistant to replay attacks and employ multifactor authentication. Strong authenticators include, for example, PKI where certificates are stored on a token protected by a password, passphrase, or biometric.

Checks: C-3778r557204_chk

Verify the operating system employs strong authenticators in the establishment of nonlocal maintenance and diagnostic sessions. If it does not, this is a finding.

Fix: F-3778r557205_fix

Configure the operating system to employ strong authenticators in the establishment of nonlocal maintenance and diagnostic sessions.

b

The operating system must separate user functionality (including user interface services) from operating system management functionality.

SC-2 - Medium - CCI-001082 - V-203655 - SV-203655r958514_rule

RMF Control

SC-2

Severity

M

CCI

CCI-001082

Version

SRG-OS-000132-GPOS-00067

Vuln IDs

V-203655
V-56835

Rule IDs

SV-203655r958514_rule
SV-71095

Operating system management functionality includes functions necessary for administration and requires privileged user access. Allowing non-privileged users to access operating system management functionality capabilities increases the risk that non-privileged users may obtain elevated privileges. Operating system management functionality includes functions necessary to administer console, network components, workstations, or servers and typically requires privileged user access. The separation of user functionality from information system management functionality is either physical or logical and is accomplished by using different computers, different central processing units, different instances of the operating system, different network addresses, different TCP/UDP ports, virtualization techniques, combinations of these methods, or other methods, as appropriate. An example of this type of separation is observed in web administrative interfaces that use separate authentication methods for users of any other information system resources. This may include isolating the administrative interface on a different security domain and with additional access controls.

Checks: C-3780r557210_chk

Verify the operating system separates user functionality (including user interface services) from operating system management functionality. If it does not, this is a finding.

Fix: F-3780r557211_fix

Configure the operating system to separate user functionality (including user interface services) from operating system management functionality.

b

The operating system must isolate security functions from nonsecurity functions.

SC-3 - Medium - CCI-001084 - V-203656 - SV-203656r958518_rule

RMF Control

SC-3

Severity

M

CCI

CCI-001084

Version

SRG-OS-000134-GPOS-00068

Vuln IDs

V-203656
V-56843

Rule IDs

SV-203656r958518_rule
SV-71103

An isolation boundary provides access control and protects the integrity of the hardware, software, and firmware that perform security functions. Security functions are the hardware, software, and/or firmware of the information system responsible for enforcing the system security policy and supporting the isolation of code and data on which the protection is based. Operating systems implement code separation (i.e., separation of security functions from nonsecurity functions) in a number of ways, including through the provision of security kernels via processor rings or processor modes. For non-kernel code, security function isolation is often achieved through file system protections that serve to protect the code on disk and address space protections that protect executing code. Developers and implementers can increase the assurance in security functions by employing well-defined security policy models; structured, disciplined, and rigorous hardware and software development techniques; and sound system/security engineering principles. Implementation may include isolation of memory space and libraries. Operating systems restrict access to security functions through the use of access control mechanisms and by implementing least privilege capabilities.

Checks: C-3781r557213_chk

Verify the operating system isolates security functions from nonsecurity functions. If it does not, this is a finding.

Fix: F-3781r557214_fix

Configure the operating system to isolate security functions from nonsecurity functions.

b

Operating systems must prevent unauthorized and unintended information transfer via shared system resources.

SC-4 - Medium - CCI-001090 - V-203657 - SV-203657r958524_rule

RMF Control

SC-4

Severity

M

CCI

CCI-001090

Version

SRG-OS-000138-GPOS-00069

Vuln IDs

V-203657
V-56853

Rule IDs

SV-203657r958524_rule
SV-71113

Preventing unauthorized information transfers mitigates the risk of information, including encrypted representations of information, produced by the actions of prior users/roles (or the actions of processes acting on behalf of prior users/roles) from being available to any current users/roles (or current processes) that obtain access to shared system resources (e.g., registers, main memory, hard disks) after those resources have been released back to information systems. The control of information in shared resources is also commonly referred to as object reuse and residual information protection. This requirement generally applies to the design of an information technology product, but it can also apply to the configuration of particular information system components that are, or use, such products. This can be verified by acceptance/validation processes in DoD or other government agencies. There may be shared resources with configurable protections (e.g., files in storage) that may be assessed on specific information system components.

Checks: C-3782r557216_chk

Verify operating systems prevents unauthorized and unintended information transfer via shared system resources. If it does not, this is a finding.

Fix: F-3782r557217_fix

Configure operating systems to prevent unauthorized and unintended information transfer via shared system resources.

b

The operating system must manage excess capacity, bandwidth, or other redundancy to limit the effects of information flooding types of Denial of Service (DoS) attacks.

SC-5 - Medium - CCI-001095 - V-203658 - SV-203658r958528_rule

RMF Control

SC-5

Severity

M

CCI

CCI-001095

Version

SRG-OS-000142-GPOS-00071

Vuln IDs

V-203658
V-56861

Rule IDs

SV-203658r958528_rule
SV-71121

DoS is a condition when a resource is not available for legitimate users. When this occurs, the organization either cannot accomplish its mission or must operate at degraded capacity. Managing excess capacity ensures that sufficient capacity is available to counter flooding attacks. Employing increased capacity and service redundancy may reduce the susceptibility to some DoS attacks. Managing excess capacity may include, for example, establishing selected usage priorities, quotas, or partitioning.

Checks: C-3783r557219_chk

Verify the operating system manages excess capacity, bandwidth, or other redundancy to limit the effects of information flooding types of Denial of Service (DoS) attacks. If it does not, this is a finding.

Fix: F-3783r557220_fix

Configure the operating system to manage excess capacity, bandwidth, or other redundancy to limit the effects of information flooding types of Denial of Service (DoS) attacks.

b

The operating system must terminate all network connections associated with a communications session at the end of the session, or as follows: for in-band management sessions (privileged sessions), the session must be terminated after 10 minutes of inactivity; and for user sessions (non-privileged session), the session must be terminated after 15 minutes of inactivity, except to fulfill documented and validated mission requirements.

SC-10 - Medium - CCI-001133 - V-203659 - SV-203659r970703_rule

RMF Control

SC-10

Severity

M

CCI

CCI-001133

Version

SRG-OS-000163-GPOS-00072

Vuln IDs

V-203659
V-56865

Rule IDs

SV-203659r970703_rule
SV-71125

Terminating an idle session within a short time period reduces the window of opportunity for unauthorized personnel to take control of a management session enabled on the console or console port that has been left unattended. In addition, quickly terminating an idle session will also free up resources committed by the managed network element. Terminating network connections associated with communications sessions includes, for example, de-allocating associated TCP/IP address/port pairs at the operating system level, and de-allocating networking assignments at the application level if multiple application sessions are using a single operating system-level network connection. This does not mean that the operating system terminates all sessions or network access; it only ends the inactive session and releases the resources associated with that session.

Checks: C-3784r793161_chk

Verify the operating system terminates all network connections associated with a communications session at the end of the session, or as follows: for in-band management sessions (privileged sessions), the session must be terminated after 10 minutes of inactivity; and for user sessions (non-privileged session), the session must be terminated after 15 minutes of inactivity, except to fulfill documented and validated mission requirements. If it does not, this is a finding.

Fix: F-3784r793151_fix

Configure the operating system to terminate all network connections associated with a communications session at the end of the session, or as follows: for in-band management sessions (privileged sessions), the session must be terminated after 10 minutes of inactivity; and for user sessions (non-privileged session), the session must be terminated after 15 minutes of inactivity, except to fulfill documented and validated mission requirements.

b

The operating system must fail to a secure state if system initialization fails, shutdown fails, or aborts fail.

SC-24 - Medium - CCI-001190 - V-203660 - SV-203660r958550_rule

RMF Control

SC-24

Severity

M

CCI

CCI-001190

Version

SRG-OS-000184-GPOS-00078

Vuln IDs

V-203660
V-56869

Rule IDs

SV-203660r958550_rule
SV-71129

Failure to a known safe state helps prevent systems from failing to a state that may cause loss of data or unauthorized access to system resources. Operating systems that fail suddenly and with no incorporated failure state planning may leave the system available but with a reduced security protection capability. Preserving operating system state information also facilitates system restart and return to the operational mode of the organization with less disruption to mission-essential processes. Abort refers to stopping a program or function before it has finished naturally. The term abort refers to both requested and unexpected terminations.

Checks: C-3785r557225_chk

Verify the operating system fails to a secure state if system initialization fails, shutdown fails, or aborts fail. If it does not, this is a finding.

Fix: F-3785r557226_fix

Configure the operating system to fail to a secure state if system initialization fails, shutdown fails, or aborts fail.

b

The operating system must protect the confidentiality and integrity of all information at rest.

SC-28 - Medium - CCI-001199 - V-203661 - SV-203661r958552_rule

RMF Control

SC-28

Severity

M

CCI

CCI-001199

Version

SRG-OS-000185-GPOS-00079

Vuln IDs

V-203661
V-56877

Rule IDs

SV-203661r958552_rule
SV-71137

Information at rest refers to the state of information when it is located on a secondary storage device (e.g., disk drive and tape drive, when used for backups) within an operating system. This requirement addresses protection of user-generated data, as well as operating system-specific configuration data. Organizations may choose to employ different mechanisms to achieve confidentiality and integrity protections, as appropriate, in accordance with the security category and/or classification of the information.

Checks: C-3786r557228_chk

Verify the operating system protects the confidentiality and integrity of all information at rest. If it does not, this is a finding.

Fix: F-3786r557229_fix

Configure the operating system to protect the confidentiality and integrity of all information at rest.

b

The operating system must generate error messages that provide information necessary for corrective actions without revealing information that could be exploited by adversaries.

SI-11 - Medium - CCI-001312 - V-203663 - SV-203663r958564_rule

RMF Control

SI-11

Severity

M

CCI

CCI-001312

Version

SRG-OS-000205-GPOS-00083

Vuln IDs

V-203663
V-56887

Rule IDs

SV-203663r958564_rule
SV-71147

Any operating system providing too much information in error messages risks compromising the data and security of the structure, and content of error messages needs to be carefully considered by the organization. Organizations carefully consider the structure/content of error messages. The extent to which information systems are able to identify and handle error conditions is guided by organizational policy and operational requirements. Information that could be exploited by adversaries includes, for example, erroneous logon attempts with passwords entered by mistake as the username, mission/business information that can be derived from (if not stated explicitly by) information recorded, and personal information, such as account numbers, social security numbers, and credit card numbers.

Checks: C-3788r557234_chk

Verify the operating system generates error messages that provide information necessary for corrective actions without revealing information that could be exploited by adversaries. If it does not, this is a finding.

Fix: F-3788r557235_fix

Configure the operating system to generate error messages that provide information necessary for corrective actions without revealing information that could be exploited by adversaries.

b

The operating system must reveal error messages only to authorized users.

SI-11 - Medium - CCI-001314 - V-203664 - SV-203664r958566_rule

RMF Control

SI-11

Severity

M

CCI

CCI-001314

Version

SRG-OS-000206-GPOS-00084

Vuln IDs

V-203664
V-56903

Rule IDs

SV-203664r958566_rule
SV-71163

Only authorized personnel should be aware of errors and the details of the errors. Error messages are an indicator of an organization's operational state or can identify the operating system or platform. Additionally, Personally Identifiable Information (PII) and operational information must not be revealed through error messages to unauthorized personnel or their designated representatives. The structure and content of error messages must be carefully considered by the organization and development team. The extent to which the information system is able to identify and handle error conditions is guided by organizational policy and operational requirements.

Checks: C-3789r557237_chk

Verify the operating system reveals error messages only to authorized users. If it does not, this is a finding.

Fix: F-3789r557238_fix

Configure the operating system to reveal error messages only to authorized users.

b

Any publically accessible connection to the operating system must display the Standard Mandatory DoD Notice and Consent Banner before granting access to the system.

AC-8 - Medium - CCI-001384 - V-203665 - SV-203665r958586_rule

RMF Control

AC-8

Severity

M

CCI

CCI-001384

Version

SRG-OS-000228-GPOS-00088

Vuln IDs

V-203665
V-56909

Rule IDs

SV-203665r958586_rule
SV-71169

Display of a standardized and approved use notification before granting access to the publicly accessible operating system ensures privacy and security notification verbiage used is consistent with applicable federal laws, Executive Orders, directives, policies, regulations, standards, and guidance. System use notifications are required only for access via logon interfaces with human users and are not required when such human interfaces do not exist. The banner must be formatted in accordance with applicable DoD policy. Use the following verbiage for operating systems that can accommodate banners of 1300 characters: "You are accessing a U.S. Government (USG) Information System (IS) that is provided for USG-authorized use only. By using this IS (which includes any device attached to this IS), you consent to the following conditions: -The USG routinely intercepts and monitors communications on this IS for purposes including, but not limited to, penetration testing, COMSEC monitoring, network operations and defense, personnel misconduct (PM), law enforcement (LE), and counterintelligence (CI) investigations. -At any time, the USG may inspect and seize data stored on this IS. -Communications using, or data stored on, this IS are not private, are subject to routine monitoring, interception, and search, and may be disclosed or used for any USG-authorized purpose. -This IS includes security measures (e.g., authentication and access controls) to protect USG interests--not for your personal benefit or privacy. -Notwithstanding the above, using this IS does not constitute consent to PM, LE or CI investigative searching or monitoring of the content of privileged communications, or work product, related to personal representation or services by attorneys, psychotherapists, or clergy, and their assistants. Such communications and work product are private and confidential. See User Agreement for details." Use the following verbiage for operating systems that have severe limitations on the number of characters that can be displayed in the banner: "I've read & consent to terms in IS user agreem't."

Checks: C-3790r755178_chk

Verify any publically accessible connection to the operating system displays the Standard Mandatory DoD Notice and Consent Banner before granting access to the system. The banner must be formatted in accordance with applicable DoD policy. Use the following verbiage for operating systems that can accommodate banners of 1300 characters: "You are accessing a U.S. Government (USG) Information System (IS) that is provided for USG-authorized use only. By using this IS (which includes any device attached to this IS), you consent to the following conditions: -The USG routinely intercepts and monitors communications on this IS for purposes including, but not limited to, penetration testing, COMSEC monitoring, network operations and defense, personnel misconduct (PM), law enforcement (LE), and counterintelligence (CI) investigations. -At any time, the USG may inspect and seize data stored on this IS. -Communications using, or data stored on, this IS are not private, are subject to routine monitoring, interception, and search, and may be disclosed or used for any USG-authorized purpose. -This IS includes security measures (e.g., authentication and access controls) to protect USG interests--not for your personal benefit or privacy. -Notwithstanding the above, using this IS does not constitute consent to PM, LE or CI investigative searching or monitoring of the content of privileged communications, or work product, related to personal representation or services by attorneys, psychotherapists, or clergy, and their assistants. Such communications and work product are private and confidential. See User Agreement for details." Use the following verbiage for operating systems that have severe limitations on the number of characters that can be displayed in the banner: "I've read & consent to terms in IS user agreem't." If it does not, this is a finding.

Fix: F-3790r755179_fix

Configure any publically accessible connection to the operating system to display the Standard Mandatory DoD Notice and Consent Banner before granting access to the system. The banner must be formatted in accordance with applicable DoD policy. Use the following verbiage for operating systems that can accommodate banners of 1300 characters: "You are accessing a U.S. Government (USG) Information System (IS) that is provided for USG-authorized use only. By using this IS (which includes any device attached to this IS), you consent to the following conditions: -The USG routinely intercepts and monitors communications on this IS for purposes including, but not limited to, penetration testing, COMSEC monitoring, network operations and defense, personnel misconduct (PM), law enforcement (LE), and counterintelligence (CI) investigations. -At any time, the USG may inspect and seize data stored on this IS. -Communications using, or data stored on, this IS are not private, are subject to routine monitoring, interception, and search, and may be disclosed or used for any USG-authorized purpose. -This IS includes security measures (e.g., authentication and access controls) to protect USG interests--not for your personal benefit or privacy. -Notwithstanding the above, using this IS does not constitute consent to PM, LE or CI investigative searching or monitoring of the content of privileged communications, or work product, related to personal representation or services by attorneys, psychotherapists, or clergy, and their assistants. Such communications and work product are private and confidential. See User Agreement for details." Use the following verbiage for operating systems that have severe limitations on the number of characters that can be displayed in the banner: "I've read & consent to terms in IS user agreem't."

b

The operating system must audit all account modifications.

AC-2 - Medium - CCI-001403 - V-203666 - SV-203666r991551_rule

RMF Control

AC-2

Severity

M

CCI

CCI-001403

Version

SRG-OS-000239-GPOS-00089

Vuln IDs

V-203666
V-56913

Rule IDs

SV-203666r991551_rule
SV-71173

Once an attacker establishes access to a system, the attacker often attempts to create a persistent method of reestablishing access. One way to accomplish this is for the attacker to modify an existing account. Auditing account modification actions provides logging that can be used for forensic purposes. To address access requirements, many operating systems can be integrated with enterprise-level authentication/access/auditing mechanisms that meet or exceed access control policy requirements.

Checks: C-3791r374825_chk

Verify the operating system automatically audits account modification. If it does not, this is a finding.

Fix: F-3791r374826_fix

Configure the operating system to automatically audit account modification.

b

The operating system must audit all account disabling actions.

AC-2 - Medium - CCI-001404 - V-203667 - SV-203667r991552_rule

RMF Control

AC-2

Severity

M

CCI

CCI-001404

Version

SRG-OS-000240-GPOS-00090

Vuln IDs

V-203667
V-56917

Rule IDs

SV-203667r991552_rule
SV-71177

When operating system accounts are disabled, user accessibility is affected. Accounts are utilized for identifying individual users or for identifying the operating system processes themselves. In order to detect and respond to events affecting user accessibility and system processing, operating systems must audit account disabling actions and, as required, notify the appropriate individuals so they can investigate the event. Such a capability greatly reduces the risk that operating system accessibility will be negatively affected for extended periods of time and provides logging that can be used for forensic purposes. To address access requirements, many operating systems can be integrated with enterprise-level authentication/access/auditing mechanisms that meet or exceed access control policy requirements.

Checks: C-3792r374828_chk

Verify the operating system automatically audits account disabling actions. If it does not, this is a finding.

Fix: F-3792r374829_fix

Configure the operating system to automatically audit account disabling actions.

b

The operating system must audit all account removal actions.

AC-2 - Medium - CCI-001405 - V-203668 - SV-203668r991553_rule

RMF Control

AC-2

Severity

M

CCI

CCI-001405

Version

SRG-OS-000241-GPOS-00091

Vuln IDs

V-203668
V-56921

Rule IDs

SV-203668r991553_rule
SV-71181

When operating system accounts are removed, user accessibility is affected. Accounts are utilized for identifying individual users or for identifying the operating system processes themselves. In order to detect and respond to events affecting user accessibility and system processing, operating systems must audit account removal actions and, as required, notify the appropriate individuals so they can investigate the event. Such a capability greatly reduces the risk that operating system accessibility will be negatively affected for extended periods of time and provides logging that can be used for forensic purposes. To address access requirements, many operating systems can be integrated with enterprise-level authentication/access/auditing mechanisms that meet or exceed access control policy requirements.

Checks: C-3793r374831_chk

Verify the operating system automatically audits account removal actions. If it does not, this is a finding.

Fix: F-3793r374832_fix

Configure the operating system to automatically audit account removal actions.

c

The operating system must implement cryptography to protect the integrity of remote access sessions.

AC-17 - High - CCI-001453 - V-203669 - SV-203669r991554_rule

RMF Control

AC-17

Severity

H

CCI

CCI-001453

Version

SRG-OS-000250-GPOS-00093

Vuln IDs

V-203669
V-56935

Rule IDs

SV-203669r991554_rule
SV-71195

Without cryptographic integrity protections, information can be altered by unauthorized users without detection. Remote access (e.g., RDP) is access to DoD nonpublic information systems by an authorized user (or an information system) communicating through an external, non-organization-controlled network. Remote access methods include, for example, dial-up, broadband, and wireless. Cryptographic mechanisms used for protecting the integrity of information include, for example, signed hash functions using asymmetric cryptography enabling distribution of the public key to verify the hash information while maintaining the confidentiality of the secret key used to generate the hash.

Checks: C-3794r374834_chk

Verify the operating system implements cryptography to protect the integrity of remote access sessions. If it does not, this is a finding.

Fix: F-3794r374835_fix

Configure the operating system to implement cryptography to protect the integrity of remote access sessions.

b

The operating system must initiate session audits at system start-up.

AU-14 - Medium - CCI-001464 - V-203670 - SV-203670r991555_rule

RMF Control

AU-14

Severity

M

CCI

CCI-001464

Version

SRG-OS-000254-GPOS-00095

Vuln IDs

V-203670
V-56939

Rule IDs

SV-203670r991555_rule
SV-71199

If auditing is enabled late in the start-up process, the actions of some start-up processes may not be audited. Some audit systems also maintain state information only available if auditing is enabled before a given process is created.

Checks: C-3795r374837_chk

Verify the operating system initiates session audits at system start-up. If it does not, this is a finding.

Fix: F-3795r374838_fix

Configure the operating system to initiate session audits at system start-up.

b

The operating system must produce audit records containing information to establish the identity of any individual or process associated with the event.

AU-3 - Medium - CCI-001487 - V-203671 - SV-203671r991556_rule

RMF Control

AU-3

Severity

M

CCI

CCI-001487

Version

SRG-OS-000255-GPOS-00096

Vuln IDs

V-203671
V-57171

Rule IDs

SV-203671r991556_rule
SV-71431

Without information that establishes the identity of the subjects (i.e., users or processes acting on behalf of users) associated with the events, security personnel cannot determine responsibility for the potentially harmful event.

Checks: C-3796r374900_chk

Verify the operating system produces audit records containing information to establish the identity of any individual or process associated with the event. If it does not, this is a finding.

Fix: F-3796r374901_fix

Configure the operating system to produce audit records containing information to establish the identity of any individual or process associated with the event.

b

The operating system must protect audit tools from unauthorized access.

AU-9 - Medium - CCI-001493 - V-203672 - SV-203672r991557_rule

RMF Control

AU-9

Severity

M

CCI

CCI-001493

Version

SRG-OS-000256-GPOS-00097

Vuln IDs

V-203672
V-57173

Rule IDs

SV-203672r991557_rule
SV-71433

Protecting audit information also includes identifying and protecting the tools used to view and manipulate log data. Therefore, protecting audit tools is necessary to prevent unauthorized operation on audit information. Operating systems providing tools to interface with audit information will leverage user permissions and roles identifying the user accessing the tools and the corresponding rights the user enjoys in order to make access decisions regarding the access to audit tools. Audit tools include, but are not limited to, vendor-provided and open source audit tools needed to successfully view and manipulate audit information system activity and records. Audit tools include custom queries and report generators.

Checks: C-3797r374903_chk

Verify the operating system protects audit tools from unauthorized access. If it does not, this is a finding.

Fix: F-3797r374904_fix

Configure the operating system to protect audit tools from unauthorized access.

b

The operating system must protect audit tools from unauthorized modification.

AU-9 - Medium - CCI-001494 - V-203673 - SV-203673r991558_rule

RMF Control

AU-9

Severity

M

CCI

CCI-001494

Version

SRG-OS-000257-GPOS-00098

Vuln IDs

V-203673
V-57175

Rule IDs

SV-203673r991558_rule
SV-71435

Protecting audit information also includes identifying and protecting the tools used to view and manipulate log data. Therefore, protecting audit tools is necessary to prevent unauthorized operation on audit information. Operating systems providing tools to interface with audit information will leverage user permissions and roles identifying the user accessing the tools and the corresponding rights the user has in order to make access decisions regarding the modification of audit tools. Audit tools include, but are not limited to, vendor-provided and open source audit tools needed to successfully view and manipulate audit information system activity and records. Audit tools include custom queries and report generators.

Checks: C-3798r374906_chk

Verify the operating system protects audit tools from unauthorized modification. If it does not, this is a finding.

Fix: F-3798r374907_fix

Configure the operating system to protect audit tools from unauthorized modification.

b

The operating system must protect audit tools from unauthorized deletion.

AU-9 - Medium - CCI-001495 - V-203674 - SV-203674r991559_rule

RMF Control

AU-9

Severity

M

CCI

CCI-001495

Version

SRG-OS-000258-GPOS-00099

Vuln IDs

V-203674
V-57177

Rule IDs

SV-203674r991559_rule
SV-71437

Protecting audit information also includes identifying and protecting the tools used to view and manipulate log data. Therefore, protecting audit tools is necessary to prevent unauthorized operation on audit information. Operating systems providing tools to interface with audit information will leverage user permissions and roles identifying the user accessing the tools and the corresponding rights the user has in order to make access decisions regarding the deletion of audit tools. Audit tools include, but are not limited to, vendor-provided and open source audit tools needed to successfully view and manipulate audit information system activity and records. Audit tools include custom queries and report generators.

Checks: C-3799r374909_chk

Verify the operating system protects audit tools from unauthorized deletion. If it does not, this is a finding.

Fix: F-3799r374910_fix

Configure the operating system to protect audit tools from unauthorized deletion.

b

The operating system must limit privileges to change software resident within software libraries.

CM-5 - Medium - CCI-001499 - V-203675 - SV-203675r991560_rule

RMF Control

CM-5

Severity

M

CCI

CCI-001499

Version

SRG-OS-000259-GPOS-00100

Vuln IDs

V-203675
V-57183

Rule IDs

SV-203675r991560_rule
SV-71443

If the operating system were to allow any user to make changes to software libraries, then those changes might be implemented without undergoing the appropriate testing and approvals that are part of a robust change management process. This requirement applies to operating systems with software libraries that are accessible and configurable, as in the case of interpreted languages. Software libraries also include privileged programs which execute with escalated privileges. Only qualified and authorized individuals shall be allowed to obtain access to information system components for purposes of initiating changes, including upgrades and modifications.

Checks: C-3800r374912_chk

Verify the operating system limits privileges to change software resident within software libraries. If it does not, this is a finding.

Fix: F-3800r374913_fix

Configure the operating system to limit privileges to change software resident within software libraries.

b

The operating system must enforce password complexity by requiring that at least one special character be used.

Medium - CCI-004066 - V-203676 - SV-203676r991561_rule

RMF Control

Severity

M

CCI

Version

SRG-OS-000266-GPOS-00101

Vuln IDs

V-203676
V-57187

Rule IDs

SV-203676r991561_rule
SV-71447

Use of a complex password helps to increase the time and resources required to compromise the password. Password complexity or strength is a measure of the effectiveness of a password in resisting attempts at guessing and brute-force attacks. Password complexity is one factor in determining how long it takes to crack a password. The more complex the password, the greater the number of possible combinations that need to be tested before the password is compromised. Special characters are those characters that are not alphanumeric. Examples include: ~ ! @ # $ % ^ *.

Checks: C-3801r374915_chk

Verify the operating system enforces password complexity by requiring that at least one special character be used. If it does not, this is a finding.

Fix: F-3801r374916_fix

Configure the operating system to enforce password complexity by requiring that at least one special character be used.

b

In the event of a system failure, the operating system must preserve any information necessary to determine cause of failure and any information necessary to return to operations with least disruption to mission processes.

SC-24 - Medium - CCI-001665 - V-203677 - SV-203677r991562_rule

RMF Control

SC-24

Severity

M

CCI

CCI-001665

Version

SRG-OS-000269-GPOS-00103

Vuln IDs

V-203677
V-57191

Rule IDs

SV-203677r991562_rule
SV-71451

Failure to a known state can address safety or security in accordance with the mission/business needs of the organization. Failure to a known secure state helps prevent a loss of confidentiality, integrity, or availability in the event of a failure of the information system or a component of the system. Preserving operating system state information helps to facilitate operating system restart and return to the operational mode of the organization with least disruption to mission/business processes.

Checks: C-3802r374918_chk

Verify, in the event of a system failure, the operating system preserves any information necessary to determine cause of failure and any information necessary to return to operations with least disruption to mission processes. If it does not, this is a finding.

Fix: F-3802r374919_fix

Configure the operating system to preserve any information necessary to determine cause of failure and any information necessary to return to operations with least disruption to mission processes, in the event of a system failure.

b

The operating system must notify system administrators and ISSOs when accounts are created.

AC-2 - Medium - CCI-000015 - V-203678 - SV-203678r991563_rule

RMF Control

AC-2

Severity

M

CCI

Version

SRG-OS-000274-GPOS-00104

Vuln IDs

V-203678
V-57195

Rule IDs

SV-203678r991563_rule
SV-71455

Once an attacker establishes access to a system, the attacker often attempts to create a persistent method of reestablishing access. One way to accomplish this is for the attacker to create a new account. Notification of account creation is one method for mitigating this risk. A comprehensive account management process will ensure an audit trail which documents the creation of operating system user accounts and notifies administrators and ISSOs that it exists. Such a process greatly reduces the risk that accounts will be surreptitiously created and provides logging that can be used for forensic purposes. To address access requirements, many operating systems can be integrated with enterprise-level authentication/access/auditing mechanisms that meet or exceed access control policy requirements.

Checks: C-3803r374921_chk

Verify the operating system notifies System Administrators and Information System Security Officers when accounts are created. If it does not, this is a finding.

Fix: F-3803r374922_fix

Configure the operating system to notify System Administrators and Information System Security Officers when accounts are created.

b

The operating system must notify system administrators and ISSOs when accounts are modified.

AC-2 - Medium - CCI-000015 - V-203679 - SV-203679r991564_rule

RMF Control

AC-2

Severity

M

CCI

Version

SRG-OS-000275-GPOS-00105

Vuln IDs

V-203679
V-57197

Rule IDs

SV-203679r991564_rule
SV-71457

Once an attacker establishes access to a system, the attacker often attempts to create a persistent method of reestablishing access. One way to accomplish this is for the attacker to modify an existing account. Notification of account modification is one method for mitigating this risk. A comprehensive account management process will ensure an audit trail which documents the modification of operating system user accounts and notifies the system administrator and ISSO of changes. Such a process greatly reduces the risk that accounts will be surreptitiously created and provides logging that can be used for forensic purposes. To address access requirements, many operating systems can be integrated with enterprise-level authentication/access/auditing mechanisms that meet or exceed access control policy requirements.

Checks: C-3804r374924_chk

Verify the operating system notifies System Administrators and Information System Security Officers when accounts are modified. If it does not, this is a finding.

Fix: F-3804r374925_fix

Configure the operating system to notify System Administrators and Information System Security Officers when accounts are modified.

b

The operating system must notify system administrators and ISSOs when accounts are disabled.

AC-2 - Medium - CCI-000015 - V-203680 - SV-203680r991565_rule

RMF Control

AC-2

Severity

M

CCI

Version

SRG-OS-000276-GPOS-00106

Vuln IDs

V-203680
V-57199

Rule IDs

SV-203680r991565_rule
SV-71459

When operating system accounts are disabled, user accessibility is affected. Accounts are utilized for identifying individual operating system users or for identifying the operating system processes themselves. Sending notification of account disabling events to the system administrator and ISSO is one method for mitigating this risk. Such a capability greatly reduces the risk that operating system accessibility will be negatively affected for extended periods of time and also provides logging that can be used for forensic purposes. To address access requirements, many operating systems can be integrated with enterprise-level authentication/access/auditing mechanisms that meet or exceed access control policy requirements.

Checks: C-3805r374927_chk

Verify the operating system notifies System Administrators and Information System Security Officers when accounts are disabled. If it does not, this is a finding.

Fix: F-3805r374928_fix

Configure the operating system to notify System Administrators and Information System Security Officers when accounts are disabled.

b

The operating system must notify system administrators and ISSOs when accounts are removed.

AC-2 - Medium - CCI-000015 - V-203681 - SV-203681r991566_rule

RMF Control

AC-2

Severity

M

CCI

Version

SRG-OS-000277-GPOS-00107

Vuln IDs

V-203681
V-57201

Rule IDs

SV-203681r991566_rule
SV-71461

When operating system accounts are removed, user accessibility is affected. Accounts are utilized for identifying individual operating system users or for identifying the operating system processes themselves. Sending notification of account removal events to the system administrator and ISSO is one method for mitigating this risk. Such a capability greatly reduces the risk that operating system accessibility will be negatively affected for extended periods of time and also provides logging that can be used for forensic purposes. To address access requirements, many operating systems can be integrated with enterprise-level authentication/access/auditing mechanisms that meet or exceed access control policy requirements.

Checks: C-3806r374930_chk

Verify the operating system notifies System Administrators and Information System Security Officers for account removal actions. If it does not, this is a finding.

Fix: F-3806r374931_fix

Configure the operating system to notify System Administrators and Information System Security Officers for account removal actions.

c

The operating system must use cryptographic mechanisms to protect the integrity of audit tools.

AU-9 - High - CCI-001496 - V-203682 - SV-203682r991567_rule

RMF Control

AU-9

Severity

H

CCI

CCI-001496

Version

SRG-OS-000278-GPOS-00108

Vuln IDs

V-203682
V-57205

Rule IDs

SV-203682r991567_rule
SV-71465

Protecting the integrity of the tools used for auditing purposes is a critical step toward ensuring the integrity of audit information. Audit information includes all information (e.g., audit records, audit settings, and audit reports) needed to successfully audit information system activity. Audit tools include, but are not limited to, vendor-provided and open source audit tools needed to successfully view and manipulate audit information system activity and records. Audit tools include custom queries and report generators. It is not uncommon for attackers to replace the audit tools or inject code into the existing tools with the purpose of providing the capability to hide or erase system activity from the audit logs. To address this risk, audit tools must be cryptographically signed in order to provide the capability to identify when the audit tools have been modified, manipulated, or replaced. An example is a checksum hash of the file or files.

Checks: C-3807r374933_chk

Verify the operating system uses cryptographic mechanisms to protect the integrity of audit tools. If it does not, this is a finding.

Fix: F-3807r374934_fix

Configure the operating system to use cryptographic mechanisms to protect the integrity of audit tools.

b

The operating system must automatically terminate a user session after inactivity time-outs have expired or at shutdown.

AC-12 - Medium - CCI-002361 - V-203683 - SV-203683r958636_rule

RMF Control

AC-12

Severity

M

CCI

CCI-002361

Version

SRG-OS-000279-GPOS-00109

Vuln IDs

V-203683
V-57207

Rule IDs

SV-203683r958636_rule
SV-71467

Automatic session termination addresses the termination of user-initiated logical sessions in contrast to the termination of network connections that are associated with communications sessions (i.e., network disconnect). A logical session (for local, network, and remote access) is initiated whenever a user (or process acting on behalf of a user) accesses an organizational information system. Such user sessions can be terminated (and thus terminate user access) without terminating network sessions. Session termination terminates all processes associated with a user's logical session except those processes that are specifically created by the user (i.e., session owner) to continue after the session is terminated. Conditions or trigger events requiring automatic session termination can include, for example, organization-defined periods of user inactivity, targeted responses to certain types of incidents, and time-of-day restrictions on information system use. This capability is typically reserved for specific operating system functionality where the system owner, data owner, or organization requires additional assurance.

Checks: C-3808r374936_chk

Verify the operating system automatically terminates a user session after inactivity time-outs have expired or at shutdown. If it does not, this is a finding.

Fix: F-3808r374937_fix

Configure the operating system to automatically terminate a user session after inactivity time-outs have expired or at shutdown.

b

The operating system must provide a logoff capability for user-initiated communications sessions when requiring user access authentication.

AC-12 - Medium - CCI-002363 - V-203684 - SV-203684r958638_rule

RMF Control

AC-12

Severity

M

CCI

CCI-002363

Version

SRG-OS-000280-GPOS-00110

Vuln IDs

V-203684
V-57209

Rule IDs

SV-203684r958638_rule
SV-71469

If a user cannot explicitly end an operating system session, the session may remain open and be exploited by an attacker; this is referred to as a zombie session. Information resources to which users gain access via authentication include, for example, local workstations and remote services. For some types of interactive sessions, including, for example, remote logon, information systems typically send logoff messages as final messages prior to terminating sessions.

Checks: C-3809r374939_chk

Verify the operating system provides a logoff capability for user-initiated communications sessions when requiring user access authentication. If it does not, this is a finding.

Fix: F-3809r374940_fix

Configure the operating system to provide a logoff capability for user-initiated communications sessions when requiring user access authentication.

b

The operating system must display an explicit logoff message to users indicating the reliable termination of authenticated communications sessions.

AC-12 - Medium - CCI-002364 - V-203685 - SV-203685r958640_rule

RMF Control

AC-12

Severity

M

CCI

CCI-002364

Version

SRG-OS-000281-GPOS-00111

Vuln IDs

V-203685
V-57211

Rule IDs

SV-203685r958640_rule
SV-71471

If a user cannot explicitly end an operating system session, the session may remain open and be exploited by an attacker; this is referred to as a zombie session. Users need to be aware of whether or not the session has been terminated. Information resources to which users gain access via authentication include, for example, local workstations and remote services. Logoff messages can be displayed after authenticated sessions have been terminated. However, for some types of interactive sessions, including, for example, remote logon, information systems typically send logoff messages as final messages prior to terminating sessions.

Checks: C-3810r374942_chk

Verify the operating system displays an explicit logoff message to users indicating the reliable termination of authenticated communications sessions. If it does not, this is a finding.

Fix: F-3810r374943_fix

Configure the operating system to display an explicit logoff message to users indicating the reliable termination of authenticated communications sessions.

b

The operating system must control remote access methods.

AC-17 - Medium - CCI-002314 - V-203686 - SV-203686r958672_rule

RMF Control

AC-17

Severity

M

CCI

CCI-002314

Version

SRG-OS-000297-GPOS-00115

Vuln IDs

V-203686
V-57213

Rule IDs

SV-203686r958672_rule
SV-71473

Remote access services, such as those providing remote access to network devices and information systems, which lack automated control capabilities, increase risk and make remote user access management difficult at best. Remote access is access to DoD nonpublic information systems by an authorized user (or an information system) communicating through an external, non-organization-controlled network. Remote access methods include, for example, dial-up, broadband, and wireless. Operating system functionality (e.g., RDP) must be capable of taking enforcement action if the audit reveals unauthorized activity. Automated control of remote access sessions allows organizations to ensure ongoing compliance with remote access policies by enforcing connection rules of remote access applications on a variety of information system components (e.g., servers, workstations, notebook computers, smartphones, and tablets).

Checks: C-3811r374945_chk

Verify the operating system controls remote access methods. If it does not, this is a finding.

Fix: F-3811r374946_fix

Configure the operating system to control remote access methods.

b

The operating system must provide the capability to immediately disconnect or disable remote access to the operating system.

AC-17 - Medium - CCI-002322 - V-203687 - SV-203687r958674_rule

RMF Control

AC-17

Severity

M

CCI

CCI-002322

Version

SRG-OS-000298-GPOS-00116

Vuln IDs

V-203687
V-57215

Rule IDs

SV-203687r958674_rule
SV-71475

Without the ability to immediately disconnect or disable remote access, an attack or other compromise taking place would not be immediately stopped. Operating system remote access functionality must have the capability to immediately disconnect current users remotely accessing the information system and/or disable further remote access. The speed of disconnect or disablement varies based on the criticality of missions functions and the need to eliminate immediate or future remote access to organizational information systems. The remote access functionality (e.g., RDP) may implement features such as automatic disconnect (or user-initiated disconnect) in case of adverse information based on an indicator of compromise or attack.

Checks: C-3812r374948_chk

Verify the operating system provides the capability to immediately disconnect or disable remote access to the operating system. If it does not, this is a finding.

Fix: F-3812r374949_fix

Configure the operating system to provide the capability to immediately disconnect or disable remote access to the operating system.

b

The operating system must protect wireless access to and from the system using encryption.

AC-18 - Medium - CCI-001444 - V-203688 - SV-203688r991568_rule

RMF Control

AC-18

Severity

M

CCI

CCI-001444

Version

SRG-OS-000299-GPOS-00117

Vuln IDs

V-203688
V-57217

Rule IDs

SV-203688r991568_rule
SV-71477

Allowing devices and users to connect to or from the system without first authenticating them allows untrusted access and can lead to a compromise or attack. Since wireless communications can be intercepted, it is necessary to use encryption to protect the confidentiality of information in transit. Wireless technologies include, for example, microwave, packet radio (UHF/VHF), 802.11x, and Bluetooth. Wireless networks use authentication protocols (e.g., EAP/TLS, PEAP), which provide credential protection and mutual authentication. This requirement applies to those operating systems that control wireless devices.

Checks: C-3813r374951_chk

Verify the operating system protects wireless access to and from the system using encryption. If it does not, this is a finding.

Fix: F-3813r374952_fix

Configure the operating system to protect wireless access to and from the system using encryption.

b

The operating system must protect wireless access to the system using authentication of users and/or devices.

AC-18 - Medium - CCI-001443 - V-203689 - SV-203689r991569_rule

RMF Control

AC-18

Severity

M

CCI

CCI-001443

Version

SRG-OS-000300-GPOS-00118

Vuln IDs

V-203689
V-57219

Rule IDs

SV-203689r991569_rule
SV-71479

Allowing devices and users to connect to the system without first authenticating them allows untrusted access and can lead to a compromise or attack. Wireless technologies include, for example, microwave, packet radio (UHF/VHF), 802.11x, and Bluetooth. Wireless networks use authentication protocols (e.g., EAP/TLS, PEAP), which provide credential protection and mutual authentication. This requirement applies to those operating systems that control wireless devices.

Checks: C-3814r374954_chk

Verify the operating system protects wireless access to the system using authentication of users and/or devices. If it does not, this is a finding.

Fix: F-3814r374955_fix

Configure the operating system to protect wireless access to the system using authentication of users and/or devices.

b

The operating system must audit all account enabling actions.

AC-2 - Medium - CCI-002130 - V-203690 - SV-203690r958684_rule

RMF Control

AC-2

Severity

M

CCI

CCI-002130

Version

SRG-OS-000303-GPOS-00120

Vuln IDs

V-203690
V-57221

Rule IDs

SV-203690r958684_rule
SV-71481

Once an attacker establishes access to a system, the attacker often attempts to create a persistent method of reestablishing access. One way to accomplish this is for the attacker to enable a new or disabled account. Auditing account modification actions provides logging that can be used for forensic purposes. To address access requirements, many operating systems can be integrated with enterprise-level authentication/access/auditing mechanisms that meet or exceed access control policy requirements.

Checks: C-3815r374957_chk

Verify the operating system automatically audits account enabling actions. If it does not, this is a finding.

Fix: F-3815r374958_fix

Configure the operating system to automatically audit account enabling actions.

b

The operating system must notify system administrators (SAs) and information system security officers (ISSOs) of account enabling actions.

AC-2 - Medium - CCI-000015 - V-203691 - SV-203691r982207_rule

RMF Control

AC-2

Severity

M

CCI

Version

SRG-OS-000304-GPOS-00121

Vuln IDs

V-203691
V-57223

Rule IDs

SV-203691r982207_rule
SV-71483

Once an attacker establishes access to a system, the attacker often attempts to create a persistent method of reestablishing access. One way to accomplish this is for the attacker to enable an existing disabled account. Sending notification of account enabling actions to the SA and ISSO is one method for mitigating this risk. Such a capability greatly reduces the risk that operating system accessibility will be negatively affected for extended periods of time and also provides logging that can be used for forensic purposes. To detect and respond to events that affect user accessibility and application processing, operating systems must audit account enabling actions and, as required, notify the appropriate individuals so they can investigate the event. To address access requirements, many operating systems can be integrated with enterprise-level authentication/access/auditing mechanisms that meet or exceed access control policy requirements.

Checks: C-3816r982140_chk

Verify the operating system notifies the SA(s) and ISSO(s) when accounts are created, or enabled when previously disabled. If it does not, this is a finding.

Fix: F-3816r982141_fix

Configure the operating system to notify the SA(s) and ISSO(s) when accounts are created, or enabled when previously disabled.

b

The operating system must allow operating system admins to pass information to any other operating system admin or user.

AC-3 - Medium - CCI-002165 - V-203692 - SV-203692r958702_rule

RMF Control

AC-3

Severity

M

CCI

CCI-002165

Version

SRG-OS-000312-GPOS-00122

Vuln IDs

V-203692
V-57225

Rule IDs

SV-203692r958702_rule
SV-71485

Discretionary Access Control (DAC) is based on the notion that individual users are "owners" of objects and therefore have discretion over who should be authorized to access the object and in which mode (e.g., read or write). Ownership is usually acquired as a consequence of creating the object or via specified ownership assignment. DAC allows the owner to determine who will have access to objects they control. An example of DAC includes user-controlled file permissions. When discretionary access control policies are implemented, subjects are not constrained with regard to what actions they can take with information for which they have already been granted access. Thus, subjects that have been granted access to information are not prevented from passing (i.e., the subjects have the discretion to pass) the information to other subjects or objects. A subject that is constrained in its operation by Mandatory Access Control policies is still able to operate under the less rigorous constraints of this requirement. Thus, while Mandatory Access Control imposes constraints preventing a subject from passing information to another subject operating at a different sensitivity level, this requirement permits the subject to pass the information to any subject at the same sensitivity level. The policy is bounded by the information system boundary. Once the information is passed outside the control of the information system, additional means may be required to ensure the constraints remain in effect. While the older, more traditional definitions of discretionary access control require identity-based access control, that limitation is not required for this use of discretionary access control.

Checks: C-3817r375023_chk

Verify the operating system allows operating system admins to pass information to any other operating system admin or user. If it does not, this is a finding.

Fix: F-3817r375024_fix

Configure the operating system to allow operating system admins to pass information to any other operating system admin or user.

b

The operating system must allow operating system admins to grant their privileges to other operating system admins.

AC-3 - Medium - CCI-002165 - V-203693 - SV-203693r958702_rule

RMF Control

AC-3

Severity

M

CCI

CCI-002165

Version

SRG-OS-000312-GPOS-00123

Vuln IDs

V-203693
V-57227

Rule IDs

SV-203693r958702_rule
SV-71487

Discretionary Access Control (DAC) is based on the notion that individual users are "owners" of objects and therefore have discretion over who should be authorized to access the object and in which mode (e.g., read or write). Ownership is usually acquired as a consequence of creating the object or via specified ownership assignment. DAC allows the owner to determine who will have access to objects they control. An example of DAC includes user-controlled file permissions. When discretionary access control policies are implemented, subjects are not constrained with regard to what actions they can take with information for which they have already been granted access. Thus, subjects that have been granted access to information are not prevented from passing (i.e., the subjects have the discretion to pass) the information to other subjects or objects. A subject that is constrained in its operation by Mandatory Access Control policies is still able to operate under the less rigorous constraints of this requirement. Thus, while Mandatory Access Control imposes constraints preventing a subject from passing information to another subject operating at a different sensitivity level, this requirement permits the subject to pass the information to any subject at the same sensitivity level. The policy is bounded by the information system boundary. Once the information is passed outside the control of the information system, additional means may be required to ensure the constraints remain in effect. While the older, more traditional definitions of discretionary access control require identity-based access control, that limitation is not required for this use of discretionary access control.

Checks: C-3818r375026_chk

Verify the operating system allows operating system admins to grant their privileges to other operating system admins. If it does not, this is a finding.

Fix: F-3818r375027_fix

Configure the operating system to allow operating system admins to grant their privileges to other operating system admins.

b

The operating system must allow operating system admins to change security attributes on users, the operating system, or the operating systems components.

AC-3 - Medium - CCI-002165 - V-203694 - SV-203694r958702_rule

RMF Control

AC-3

Severity

M

CCI

CCI-002165

Version

SRG-OS-000312-GPOS-00124

Vuln IDs

V-203694
V-57229

Rule IDs

SV-203694r958702_rule
SV-71489

Discretionary Access Control (DAC) is based on the notion that individual users are "owners" of objects and therefore have discretion over who should be authorized to access the object and in which mode (e.g., read or write). Ownership is usually acquired as a consequence of creating the object or via specified ownership assignment. DAC allows the owner to determine who will have access to objects they control. An example of DAC includes user-controlled file permissions. When discretionary access control policies are implemented, subjects are not constrained with regard to what actions they can take with information for which they have already been granted access. Thus, subjects that have been granted access to information are not prevented from passing (i.e., the subjects have the discretion to pass) the information to other subjects or objects. A subject that is constrained in its operation by Mandatory Access Control policies is still able to operate under the less rigorous constraints of this requirement. Thus, while Mandatory Access Control imposes constraints preventing a subject from passing information to another subject operating at a different sensitivity level, this requirement permits the subject to pass the information to any subject at the same sensitivity level. The policy is bounded by the information system boundary. Once the information is passed outside the control of the information system, additional means may be required to ensure the constraints remain in effect. While the older, more traditional definitions of discretionary access control require identity-based access control, that limitation is not required for this use of discretionary access control.

Checks: C-3819r375029_chk

Verify the operating system allows operating system admins to change security attributes on users, the operating system, or the operating system's components. If it does not, this is a finding.

Fix: F-3819r375030_fix

Configure the operating system to allow operating system admins to change security attributes on users, the operating system, or the operating system's components.

c

The operating system must prevent nonprivileged users from executing privileged functions to include disabling, circumventing, or altering implemented security safeguards/countermeasures.

AC-6 - High - CCI-002235 - V-203695 - SV-203695r958726_rule

RMF Control

AC-6

Severity

H

CCI

CCI-002235

Version

SRG-OS-000324-GPOS-00125

Vuln IDs

V-203695
V-57231

Rule IDs

SV-203695r958726_rule
SV-71491

Preventing non-privileged users from executing privileged functions mitigates the risk that unauthorized individuals or processes may gain unnecessary access to information or privileges. Privileged functions include, for example, establishing accounts, performing system integrity checks, or administering cryptographic key management activities. Non-privileged users are individuals that do not possess appropriate authorizations. Circumventing intrusion detection and prevention mechanisms or malicious code protection mechanisms are examples of privileged functions that require protection from non-privileged users.

Checks: C-3820r375032_chk

Verify that the operating system prevents non-privileged users from executing privileged functions to include disabling, circumventing, or altering implemented security safeguards/countermeasures. If it does not, this is a finding.

Fix: F-3820r375033_fix

Configure the operating system to prevent non-privileged users from executing privileged functions to include disabling, circumventing, or altering implemented security safeguards/countermeasures.

b

The operating system must prevent all software from executing at higher privilege levels than users executing the software.

AC-6 - Medium - CCI-002233 - V-203696 - SV-203696r958730_rule

RMF Control

AC-6

Severity

M

CCI

CCI-002233

Version

SRG-OS-000326-GPOS-00126

Vuln IDs

V-203696
V-57233

Rule IDs

SV-203696r958730_rule
SV-71493

In certain situations, software applications/programs need to execute with elevated privileges to perform required functions. However, if the privileges required for execution are at a higher level than the privileges assigned to organizational users invoking such applications/programs, those users are indirectly provided with greater privileges than assigned by the organizations. Some programs and processes are required to operate at a higher privilege level and therefore should be excluded from the organization-defined software list after review.

Checks: C-3821r375035_chk

Verify that the operating system prevents all software from executing at higher privilege levels than users executing the software. If it does not, this is a finding.

Fix: F-3821r375036_fix

Configure the operating system to prevent all software from executing at higher privilege levels than users executing the software.

b

The operating system must audit the execution of privileged functions.

AC-6 - Medium - CCI-002234 - V-203697 - SV-203697r958732_rule

RMF Control

AC-6

Severity

M

CCI

CCI-002234

Version

SRG-OS-000327-GPOS-00127

Vuln IDs

V-203697
V-57235

Rule IDs

SV-203697r958732_rule
SV-71495

Misuse of privileged functions, either intentionally or unintentionally by authorized users, or by unauthorized external entities that have compromised information system accounts, is a serious and ongoing concern and can have significant adverse impacts on organizations. Auditing the use of privileged functions is one way to detect such misuse and identify the risk from insider threats and the advanced persistent threat.

Checks: C-3822r375038_chk

Verify that the operating system audits the execution of privileged functions. If it does not, this is a finding.

Fix: F-3822r375039_fix

Configure the operating system to audit the execution of privileged functions.

b

The operating system must automatically lock an account until the locked account is released by an administrator when three unsuccessful logon attempts in 15 minutes occur.

AC-7 - Medium - CCI-002238 - V-203698 - SV-203698r958736_rule

RMF Control

AC-7

Severity

M

CCI

CCI-002238

Version

SRG-OS-000329-GPOS-00128

Vuln IDs

V-203698
V-57237

Rule IDs

SV-203698r958736_rule
SV-71497

By limiting the number of failed logon attempts, the risk of unauthorized system access via user password guessing, otherwise known as brute-forcing, is reduced. Limits are imposed by locking the account.

Checks: C-3823r375041_chk

Verify the operating system automatically locks an account until the locked account is released by an administrator when three unsuccessful logon attempts in 15 minutes are made. If it does not, this is a finding.

Fix: F-3823r375042_fix

Configure the operating system to automatically lock an account until the locked account is released by an administrator when three unsuccessful logon attempts in 15 minutes are made.

b

The operating system must provide the capability for assigned IMOs/ISSOs or designated SAs to change the auditing to be performed on all operating system components, based on all selectable event criteria in near real time.

AU-12 - Medium - CCI-001914 - V-203699 - SV-203699r971541_rule

RMF Control

AU-12

Severity

M

CCI

CCI-001914

Version

SRG-OS-000337-GPOS-00129

Vuln IDs

V-203699
V-57239

Rule IDs

SV-203699r971541_rule
SV-71499

If authorized individuals do not have the ability to modify auditing parameters in response to a changing threat environment, the organization may not be able to effectively respond, and important forensic information may be lost. This requirement enables organizations to extend or limit auditing as necessary to meet organizational requirements. Auditing that is limited to conserve information system resources may be extended to address certain threat situations. In addition, auditing may be limited to a specific set of events to facilitate audit reduction, analysis, and reporting.

Checks: C-3824r877019_chk

Verify the operating system provides the capability for assigned IMOs/ISSOs or designated SAs to change the auditing to be performed on all operating system components, based on all selectable event criteria in near real time. If it does not, this is a finding.

Fix: F-3824r375045_fix

Configure the operating system to provide the capability for assigned IMOs/ISSOs or designated SAs to change the auditing to be performed on all operating system components, based on all selectable event criteria in near real time.

a

The operating system must allocate audit record storage capacity to store at least one week's worth of audit records, when audit records are not immediately sent to a central audit record storage facility.

AU-4 - Low - CCI-001849 - V-203700 - SV-203700r958752_rule

RMF Control

AU-4

Severity

L

CCI

CCI-001849

Version

SRG-OS-000341-GPOS-00132

Vuln IDs

V-203700
V-57245

Rule IDs

SV-203700r958752_rule
SV-71505

In order to ensure operating systems have a sufficient storage capacity in which to write the audit logs, operating systems need to be able to allocate audit record storage capacity. The task of allocating audit record storage capacity is usually performed during initial installation of the operating system.

Checks: C-3825r375047_chk

Verify the operating system allocates audit record storage capacity to store at least one week's worth of audit records, when audit records are not immediately sent to a central audit record storage facility. If it does not, this is a finding.

Fix: F-3825r375048_fix

Configure the operating system to allocate audit record storage capacity to store at least one week's worth of audit records, when audit records are not immediately sent to a central audit record storage facility.

a

The operating system must offload audit records onto a different system or media from the system being audited.

AU-4 - Low - CCI-001851 - V-203701 - SV-203701r958754_rule

RMF Control

AU-4

Severity

L

CCI

CCI-001851

Version

SRG-OS-000342-GPOS-00133

Vuln IDs

V-203701
V-57247

Rule IDs

SV-203701r958754_rule
SV-71507

Information stored in one location is vulnerable to accidental or incidental deletion or alteration. Off-loading is a common process in information systems with limited audit storage capacity.

Checks: C-3826r375050_chk

Verify the operating system off-loads audit records onto a different system or media from the system being audited. If it does not, this is a finding.

Fix: F-3826r375051_fix

Configure the operating system to off-load audit records onto a different system or media from the system being audited.

a

The operating system must immediately notify the SA and ISSO (at a minimum) when allocated audit record storage volume reaches 75 percent of the repository maximum audit record storage capacity.

AU-5 - Low - CCI-001855 - V-203702 - SV-203702r971542_rule

RMF Control

AU-5

Severity

L

CCI

CCI-001855

Version

SRG-OS-000343-GPOS-00134

Vuln IDs

V-203702
V-57249

Rule IDs

SV-203702r971542_rule
SV-71509

If security personnel are not notified immediately when storage volume reaches 75% utilization, they are unable to plan for audit record storage capacity expansion.

Checks: C-3827r375053_chk

Verify the operating system immediately notifies the SA and ISSO (at a minimum) when allocated audit record storage volume reaches 75% of the repository maximum audit record storage capacity. If it does not, this is a finding.

Fix: F-3827r375054_fix

Configure the operating system to immediately notify the SA and ISSO (at a minimum) when allocated audit record storage volume reaches 75% of the repository maximum audit record storage capacity.

b

The operating system must provide an immediate real-time alert to the SA and ISSO, at a minimum, of all audit failure events requiring real-time alerts.

AU-5 - Medium - CCI-001858 - V-203703 - SV-203703r958758_rule

RMF Control

AU-5

Severity

M

CCI

CCI-001858

Version

SRG-OS-000344-GPOS-00135

Vuln IDs

V-203703
V-57251

Rule IDs

SV-203703r958758_rule
SV-71511

It is critical for the appropriate personnel to be aware if a system is at risk of failing to process audit logs as required. Without a real-time alert, security personnel may be unaware of an impending failure of the audit capability and system operation may be adversely affected. Alerts provide organizations with urgent messages. Real-time alerts provide these messages immediately (i.e., the time from event detection to alert occurs in seconds or less).

Checks: C-3828r375056_chk

Verify the operating system provides an immediate real-time alert to the SA and ISSO, at a minimum, of all audit failure events requiring real-time alerts. If it does not, this is a finding.

Fix: F-3828r375057_fix

Configure the operating system to provide an immediate real-time alert to the SA and ISSO, at a minimum, of all audit failure events requiring real-time alerts.

a

The operating system must provide an audit reduction capability that supports on-demand audit review and analysis.

AU-7 - Low - CCI-001875 - V-203704 - SV-203704r958766_rule

RMF Control

AU-7

Severity

L

CCI

CCI-001875

Version

SRG-OS-000348-GPOS-00136

Vuln IDs

V-203704
V-57253

Rule IDs

SV-203704r958766_rule
SV-71513

The ability to perform on-demand audit review and analysis, including after the audit data has been subjected to audit reduction, greatly facilitates the organization's ability to generate incident reports, as needed, to better handle larger-scale or more complex security incidents. Audit reduction is a technique used to reduce the volume of audit records in order to facilitate a manual review. Audit reduction does not alter original audit records. The report generation capability provided by the application must support on-demand (i.e., customizable, ad hoc, and as-needed) reports.

Checks: C-3829r375059_chk

Verify the operating system provides an audit reduction capability that supports on-demand audit review and analysis. If it does not, this is a finding.

Fix: F-3829r375060_fix

Configure the operating system to provide an audit reduction capability that supports on-demand audit review and analysis.

a

The operating system must provide an audit reduction capability that supports after-the-fact investigations of security incidents.

AU-7 - Low - CCI-001877 - V-203705 - SV-203705r958768_rule

RMF Control

AU-7

Severity

L

CCI

CCI-001877

Version

SRG-OS-000349-GPOS-00137

Vuln IDs

V-203705
V-57255

Rule IDs

SV-203705r958768_rule
SV-71515

If the audit reduction capability does not support after-the-fact investigations, it is difficult to establish, correlate, and investigate the events leading up to an outage or attack or identify those responses for one. This capability is also required to comply with applicable Federal laws and DoD policies. Audit reduction capability must support after-the-fact investigations of security incidents either natively or through the use of third-party tools. This requirement is specific to operating systems with audit reduction capabilities.

Checks: C-3830r375062_chk

Verify the operating system provides an audit reduction capability that supports after-the-fact investigations of security incidents. If it does not, this is a finding.

Fix: F-3830r375063_fix

Configure the operating system to provide an audit reduction capability that supports after-the-fact investigations of security incidents.

a

The operating system must provide a report generation capability that supports on-demand audit review and analysis.

AU-7 - Low - CCI-001878 - V-203706 - SV-203706r958770_rule

RMF Control

AU-7

Severity

L

CCI

CCI-001878

Version

SRG-OS-000350-GPOS-00138

Vuln IDs

V-203706
V-57257

Rule IDs

SV-203706r958770_rule
SV-71517

The report generation capability must support on-demand review and analysis in order to facilitate the organization's ability to generate incident reports, as needed, to better handle larger-scale or more complex security incidents. Report generation must be capable of generating on-demand (i.e., customizable, ad hoc, and as-needed) reports. On-demand reporting allows personnel to report issues more rapidly to more effectively meet reporting requirements. Collecting log data and aggregating it to present the data in a single, consolidated report achieves this objective.

Checks: C-3831r375065_chk

Verify the operating system provides a report generation capability that supports on-demand audit review and analysis. If it does not, this is a finding.

Fix: F-3831r375066_fix

Configure the operating system to provide a report generation capability that supports on-demand audit review and analysis.

a

The operating system must provide a report generation capability that supports on-demand reporting requirements.

AU-7 - Low - CCI-001879 - V-203707 - SV-203707r958772_rule

RMF Control

AU-7

Severity

L

CCI

CCI-001879

Version

SRG-OS-000351-GPOS-00139

Vuln IDs

V-203707
V-57259

Rule IDs

SV-203707r958772_rule
SV-71519

The report generation capability must support on-demand reporting in order to facilitate the organization's ability to generate incident reports, as needed, to better handle larger-scale or more complex security incidents. Report generation must be capable of generating on-demand (i.e., customizable, ad hoc, and as-needed) reports. On-demand reporting allows personnel to report issues more rapidly to more effectively meet reporting requirements. Collecting log data and aggregating it to present the data in a single, consolidated report achieves this objective.

Checks: C-3832r375068_chk

Verify the operating system provides a report generation capability that supports on-demand reporting requirements. If it does not, this is a finding.

Fix: F-3832r375069_fix

Ensure the operating system provides a report generation capability that supports on-demand reporting requirements.

a

The operating system must provide a report generation capability that supports after-the-fact investigations of security incidents.

AU-7 - Low - CCI-001880 - V-203708 - SV-203708r958774_rule

RMF Control

AU-7

Severity

L

CCI

CCI-001880

Version

SRG-OS-000352-GPOS-00140

Vuln IDs

V-203708
V-57261

Rule IDs

SV-203708r958774_rule
SV-71521

If the report generation capability does not support after-the-fact investigations, it is difficult to establish, correlate, and investigate the events leading up to an outage or attack or identify those responses for one. This capability is also required to comply with applicable Federal laws and DoD policies. The report generation capability must support after-the-fact investigations of security incidents either natively or through the use of third-party tools.

Checks: C-3833r375071_chk

Verify the operating system provides a report generation capability that supports after-the-fact investigations of security incidents. If it does not, this is a finding.

Fix: F-3833r375072_fix

Ensure the operating system provides a report generation capability that supports after-the-fact investigations of security incidents.

b

The operating system must not alter original content or time ordering of audit records when it provides an audit reduction capability.

AU-7 - Medium - CCI-001881 - V-203709 - SV-203709r958776_rule

RMF Control

AU-7

Severity

M

CCI

CCI-001881

Version

SRG-OS-000353-GPOS-00141

Vuln IDs

V-203709
V-57263

Rule IDs

SV-203709r958776_rule
SV-71523

If the audit reduction capability alters the content or time ordering of audit records, the integrity of the audit records is compromised, and the records are no longer usable for forensic analysis. Audit reduction is a process that manipulates collected audit information and organizes such information in a summary format that is more meaningful to analysts. Time ordering refers to the chronological organization of records based on time stamps. The degree of time stamp precision can affect this. This requirement is specific to operating systems providing audit reduction capabilities. The audit reduction capability can be met either natively or through the use of third-party tools.

Checks: C-3834r375074_chk

Verify the operating system does not alter original content or time ordering of audit records when it provides an audit reduction capability. If it does not, this is a finding.

Fix: F-3834r375075_fix

Configure the operating system to not alter original content or time ordering of audit records when it provides an audit reduction capability.

b

The operating system must not alter original content or time ordering of audit records when it provides a report generation capability.

AU-7 - Medium - CCI-001882 - V-203710 - SV-203710r987795_rule

RMF Control

AU-7

Severity

M

CCI

CCI-001882

Version

SRG-OS-000354-GPOS-00142

Vuln IDs

V-203710
V-57265

Rule IDs

SV-203710r987795_rule
SV-71525

If the report generation capability alters the content or time ordering of audit records, the integrity of the audit records is compromised, and the records are no longer usable for forensic analysis. Time ordering refers to the chronological organization of records based on time stamps. The degree of time stamp precision can affect this. This requirement is specific to operating systems providing report generation capabilities. The report generation capability can be met either natively or through the use of third-party tools.

Checks: C-3835r375077_chk

Verify the operating system does not alter original content or time ordering of audit records when it provides a report generation capability. If it does not, this is a finding.

Fix: F-3835r375078_fix

Configure the operating system to not alter original content or time ordering of audit records when it provides a report generation capability.

b

The operating system must, for networked systems, compare internal information system clocks at least every 24 hours with a server which is synchronized to one of the redundant United States Naval Observatory (USNO) time servers, or a time server designated for the appropriate DOD network (NIPRNet/SIPRNet), and/or the Global Positioning System (GPS).

Medium - CCI-004923 - V-203711 - SV-203711r982208_rule

RMF Control

Severity

M

CCI

CCI-004923

Version

SRG-OS-000355-GPOS-00143

Vuln IDs

V-203711
V-57267

Rule IDs

SV-203711r982208_rule
SV-71527

Inaccurate time stamps make it more difficult to correlate events and can lead to an inaccurate analysis. Determining the correct time a particular event occurred on a system is critical when conducting forensic analysis and investigating system events. Sources outside the configured acceptable allowance (drift) may be inaccurate. Synchronizing internal information system clocks provides uniformity of time stamps for information systems with multiple system clocks and systems connected over a network. Organizations should consider endpoints that may not have regular access to the authoritative time server (e.g., mobile, teleworking, and tactical endpoints).

Checks: C-3836r982143_chk

Verify the operating system, for networked systems, compares internal information system clocks at least every 24 hours with a serve synchronized to one of the redundant United States Naval Observatory (USNO) time servers, or a time server designated for the appropriate DOD network (NIPRNet/SIPRNet), and/or the Global Positioning System (GPS). If it does not, this is a finding.

Fix: F-3836r982144_fix

Configure the operating system to, for networked systems, compare internal information system clocks at least every 24 hours with a server synchronized to one of the redundant United States Naval Observatory (USNO) time servers, or a time server designated for the appropriate DOD network (NIPRNet/SIPRNet), and/or the Global Positioning System (GPS).

b

The operating system must synchronize internal information system clocks to the authoritative time source when the time difference is greater than one second.

Medium - CCI-004926 - V-203712 - SV-203712r982209_rule

RMF Control

Severity

M

CCI

CCI-004926

Version

SRG-OS-000356-GPOS-00144

Vuln IDs

V-203712
V-57203

Rule IDs

SV-203712r982209_rule
SV-71463

Inaccurate time stamps make it more difficult to correlate events and can lead to an inaccurate analysis. Determining the correct time a particular event occurred on a system is critical when conducting forensic analysis and investigating system events. Synchronizing internal information system clocks provides uniformity of time stamps for information systems with multiple system clocks and systems connected over a network. Organizations should consider setting time periods for different types of systems (e.g., financial, legal, or mission-critical systems). Organizations should also consider endpoints that may not have regular access to the authoritative time server (e.g., mobile, teleworking, and tactical endpoints). This requirement is related to the comparison done every 24 hours in SRG-OS-000355 because a comparison must be done in order to determine the time difference.

Checks: C-3837r375143_chk

Verify the operating system synchronizes internal information system clocks to the authoritative time source when the time difference is greater than one second. If it does not, this is a finding.

Fix: F-3837r375144_fix

Configure the operating system to synchronize internal information system clocks to the authoritative time source when the time difference is greater than the organization-defined time period.

b

The operating system must record time stamps for audit records that meet a minimum granularity of one second for a minimum degree of precision.

AU-8 - Medium - CCI-001889 - V-203713 - SV-203713r958786_rule

RMF Control

AU-8

Severity

M

CCI

CCI-001889

Version

SRG-OS-000358-GPOS-00145

Vuln IDs

V-203713
V-57193

Rule IDs

SV-203713r958786_rule
SV-71453

Without sufficient granularity of time stamps, it is not possible to adequately determine the chronological order of records. Time stamps generated by the operating system include date and time. Granularity of time measurements refers to the degree of synchronization between information system clocks and reference clocks.

Checks: C-3838r375146_chk

Verify the operating system records time stamps for audit records that meet a minimum granularity of one second for a minimum degree of precision. If it does not, this is a finding.

Fix: F-3838r375147_fix

Configure the operating system to record time stamps for audit records that meet a minimum granularity of one second for a minimum degree of precision.

a

The operating system must record time stamps for audit records that can be mapped to Coordinated Universal Time (UTC) or Greenwich Mean Time (GMT).

AU-8 - Low - CCI-001890 - V-203714 - SV-203714r958788_rule

RMF Control

AU-8

Severity

L

CCI

CCI-001890

Version

SRG-OS-000359-GPOS-00146

Vuln IDs

V-203714
V-57189

Rule IDs

SV-203714r958788_rule
SV-71449

If time stamps are not consistently applied and there is no common time reference, it is difficult to perform forensic analysis. Time stamps generated by the operating system include date and time. Time is commonly expressed in Coordinated Universal Time (UTC), a modern continuation of Greenwich Mean Time (GMT), or local time with an offset from UTC.

Checks: C-3839r375149_chk

Verify the operating system records time stamps for audit records that can be mapped to Coordinated Universal Time (UTC) or Greenwich Mean Time (GMT). If it does not, this is a finding.

Fix: F-3839r375150_fix

Configure the operating system to record time stamps for audit records that can be mapped to Coordinated Universal Time (UTC) or Greenwich Mean Time (GMT).

b

The operating system must enforce dual authorization for movement and/or deletion of all audit information, when such movement or deletion is not part of an authorized automatic process.

CM-6 - Medium - CCI-000366 - V-203715 - SV-203715r958790_rule

RMF Control

CM-6

Severity

M

CCI

Version

SRG-OS-000360-GPOS-00147

Vuln IDs

V-203715
V-57185

Rule IDs

SV-203715r958790_rule
SV-71445

An authorized user may intentionally or accidentally move or delete audit records without those specific actions being authorized. All bulk manipulation of audit information must be authorized via automatic processes. Any manual manipulation of audit information must require dual authorization. Dual authorization mechanisms require the approval of two authorized individuals to execute.

Checks: C-3840r375152_chk

Verify the operating system enforces dual authorization for movement and/or deletion of all audit information, when such movement or deletion is not part of an authorized automatic process. If it does not, this is a finding.

Fix: F-3840r375153_fix

Configure the operating system to enforce dual authorization for movement and/or deletion of all audit information, when such movement or deletion is not part of an authorized automatic process.

b

The operating system must prohibit user installation of system software without explicit privileged status.

Medium - CCI-003980 - V-203716 - SV-203716r982210_rule

RMF Control

Severity

M

CCI

CCI-003980

Version

SRG-OS-000362-GPOS-00149

Vuln IDs

V-203716
V-57181

Rule IDs

SV-203716r982210_rule
SV-71441

Allowing regular users to install software, without explicit privileges, creates the risk that untested or potentially malicious software will be installed on the system. Explicit privileges (escalated or administrative privileges) provide the regular user with explicit capabilities and control that exceeds the rights of a regular user. Operating system functionality will vary, and while users are not permitted to install unapproved software, there may be instances where the organization allows the user to install approved software packages, such as from an approved software repository. The operating system or software configuration management utility must enforce control of software installation by users based upon what types of software installations are permitted (e.g., updates and security patches to existing software) and what types of installations are prohibited (e.g., software whose pedigree with regard to being potentially malicious is unknown or suspect) by the organization.

Checks: C-3841r375155_chk

Verify the operating system prohibits user installation of system software without explicit privileged status. If it does not, this is a finding.

Fix: F-3841r375156_fix

Configure the operating system to prohibit user installation of system software without explicit privileged status.

b

The operating system must notify designated personnel if baseline configurations are changed in an unauthorized manner.

CM-3 - Medium - CCI-001744 - V-203717 - SV-203717r958794_rule

RMF Control

CM-3

Severity

M

CCI

CCI-001744

Version

SRG-OS-000363-GPOS-00150

Vuln IDs

V-203717
V-57179

Rule IDs

SV-203717r958794_rule
SV-71439

Unauthorized changes to the baseline configuration could make the system vulnerable to various attacks or allow unauthorized access to the operating system. Changes to operating system configurations can have unintended side effects, some of which may be relevant to security. Detecting such changes and providing an automated response can help avoid unintended, negative consequences that could ultimately affect the security state of the operating system. The operating system's IMO/ISSO and SAs must be notified via email and/or monitoring system trap when there is an unauthorized modification of a configuration item.

Checks: C-3842r375158_chk

Verify the operating system notifies designated personnel if baseline configurations are changed in an unauthorized manner. If it does not, this is a finding.

Fix: F-3842r375159_fix

Configure the operating system to notify designated personnel if baseline configurations are changed in an unauthorized manner.

b

The operating system must enforce access restrictions.

CM-5 - Medium - CCI-001813 - V-203718 - SV-203718r958796_rule

RMF Control

CM-5

Severity

M

CCI

CCI-001813

Version

SRG-OS-000364-GPOS-00151

Vuln IDs

V-203718
V-57169

Rule IDs

SV-203718r958796_rule
SV-71429

Failure to provide logical access restrictions associated with changes to system configuration may have significant effects on the overall security of the system. When dealing with access restrictions pertaining to change control, it should be noted that any changes to the hardware, software, and/or firmware components of the operating system can have significant effects on the overall security of the system. Accordingly, only qualified and authorized individuals should be allowed to obtain access to operating system components for the purposes of initiating changes, including upgrades and modifications. Logical access restrictions include, for example, controls that restrict access to workflow automation, media libraries, abstract layers (e.g., changes implemented into third-party interfaces rather than directly into information systems), and change windows (e.g., changes occur only during specified times, making unauthorized changes easy to discover).

Checks: C-3843r375161_chk

Verify the operating system enforces access restrictions. If it does not, this is a finding.

Fix: F-3843r375162_fix

Configure the operating system to enforce access restrictions.

b

The operating system must audit the enforcement actions used to restrict access associated with changes to the system.

Medium - CCI-003938 - V-203719 - SV-203719r982211_rule

RMF Control

Severity

M

CCI

CCI-003938

Version

SRG-OS-000365-GPOS-00152

Vuln IDs

V-203719
V-56851

Rule IDs

SV-203719r982211_rule
SV-71111

Without auditing the enforcement of access restrictions against changes to the application configuration, it will be difficult to identify attempted attacks and an audit trail will not be available for forensic investigation for after-the-fact actions. Enforcement actions are the methods or mechanisms used to prevent unauthorized changes to configuration settings. Enforcement action methods may be as simple as denying access to a file based on the application of file permissions (access restriction). Audit items may consist of lists of actions blocked by access restrictions or changes identified after the fact.

Checks: C-3844r375164_chk

Verify the operating system audits the enforcement actions used to restrict access associated with changes to the system. If it does not, this is a finding.

Fix: F-3844r375165_fix

Configure the operating system to audit the enforcement actions used to restrict access associated with changes to the system.

c

The operating system must prevent the installation of patches, service packs, device drivers, or operating system components without verification they have been digitally signed using a certificate that is recognized and approved by the organization.

High - CCI-003992 - V-203720 - SV-203720r982212_rule

RMF Control

Severity

H

CCI

CCI-003992

Version

SRG-OS-000366-GPOS-00153

Vuln IDs

V-203720
V-56849

Rule IDs

SV-203720r982212_rule
SV-71109

Changes to any software components can have significant effects on the overall security of the operating system. This requirement ensures the software has not been tampered with and that it has been provided by a trusted vendor. Accordingly, patches, service packs, device drivers, or operating system components must be signed with a certificate recognized and approved by the organization. Verifying the authenticity of the software prior to installation validates the integrity of the patch or upgrade received from a vendor. This ensures the software has not been tampered with and that it has been provided by a trusted vendor. Self-signed certificates are disallowed by this requirement. The operating system should not have to verify the software again. This requirement does not mandate DOD certificates for this purpose; however, the certificate used to verify the software must be from an approved CA.

Checks: C-3845r877024_chk

Verify the operating system prevents the installation of patches, service packs, device drivers, or operating system components without verification they have been digitally signed using a certificate that is recognized and approved by the organization. If it does not, this is a finding.

Fix: F-3845r982149_fix

Configure the operating system to prevent the installation of patches, service packs, device drivers, or operating system components without verification they have been digitally signed using a certificate recognized and approved by the organization.

b

The operating system must prevent program execution in accordance with local policies regarding software program usage and restrictions and/or rules authorizing the terms and conditions of software program usage.

CM-7 - Medium - CCI-001764 - V-203721 - SV-203721r958804_rule

RMF Control

CM-7

Severity

M

CCI

CCI-001764

Version

SRG-OS-000368-GPOS-00154

Vuln IDs

V-203721
V-56845

Rule IDs

SV-203721r958804_rule
SV-71105

Control of program execution is a mechanism used to prevent execution of unauthorized programs. Some operating systems may provide a capability that runs counter to the mission or provides users with functionality that exceeds mission requirements. This includes functions and services installed at the operating system-level. Some of the programs, installed by default, may be harmful or may not be necessary to support essential organizational operations (e.g., key missions, functions). Removal of executable programs is not always possible; therefore, establishing a method of preventing program execution is critical to maintaining a secure system baseline. Methods for complying with this requirement include restricting execution of programs in certain environments, while preventing execution in other environments; or limiting execution of certain program functionality based on organization-defined criteria (e.g., privileges, subnets, sandboxed environments, or roles).

Checks: C-3846r375170_chk

Verify the operating system prevents program execution in accordance with local policies regarding software program usage and restrictions and/or rules authorizing the terms and conditions of software program usage. If it does not, this is a finding.

Fix: F-3846r375171_fix

Configure the operating system to prevent program execution in accordance with local policies regarding software program usage and restrictions and/or rules authorizing the terms and conditions of software program usage.

b

The operating system must employ a deny-all, permit-by-exception policy to allow the execution of authorized software programs.

CM-7 - Medium - CCI-001774 - V-203722 - SV-203722r958808_rule

RMF Control

CM-7

Severity

M

CCI

CCI-001774

Version

SRG-OS-000370-GPOS-00155

Vuln IDs

V-203722
V-56841

Rule IDs

SV-203722r958808_rule
SV-71101

Utilizing a whitelist provides a configuration management method for allowing the execution of only authorized software. Using only authorized software decreases risk by limiting the number of potential vulnerabilities. The organization must identify authorized software programs and permit execution of authorized software. The process used to identify software programs that are authorized to execute on organizational information systems is commonly referred to as whitelisting. Verification of white-listed software occurs prior to execution or at system startup. This requirement applies to operating system programs, functions, and services designed to manage system processes and configurations (e.g., group policies).

Checks: C-3847r375173_chk

Verify the operating system employs a deny-all, permit-by-exception policy to allow the execution of authorized software programs. If it does not, this is a finding.

Fix: F-3847r375174_fix

Configure the operating system to employ a deny-all, permit-by-exception policy to allow the execution of authorized software programs.

b

The operating system must implement multifactor authentication for remote access to privileged accounts in such a way that one of the factors is provided by a device separate from the system gaining access.

Medium - CCI-004046 - V-203727 - SV-203727r982216_rule

RMF Control

Severity

M

CCI

CCI-004046

Version

SRG-OS-000375-GPOS-00160

Vuln IDs

V-203727
V-56817

Rule IDs

SV-203727r982216_rule
SV-71077

Using an authentication device, such as a common access card (CAC) or token that is separate from the information system, ensures that even if the information system is compromised, that compromise will not affect credentials stored on the authentication device. Multifactor solutions that require devices separate from information systems gaining access include, for example, hardware tokens providing time-based or challenge-response authenticators and smart cards such as the U.S. Government Personal Identity Verification (PIV) card and the DOD CAC. A privileged account is defined as an information system account with authorizations of a privileged user. Remote access is access to DOD nonpublic information systems by an authorized user (or an information system) communicating through an external, nonorganization-controlled network. Remote access methods include, for example, dial-up, broadband, and wireless. This requirement only applies to components where this is specific to the function of the device or has the concept of an organizational user (e.g., VPN, proxy capability). This does not apply to authentication for the purpose of configuring the device itself (management).

Checks: C-3852r375188_chk

Verify the operating system implements multifactor authentication for remote access to privileged accounts in such a way that one of the factors is provided by a device separate from the system gaining access. If it does not, this is a finding.

Fix: F-3852r375189_fix

Configure the operating system to implement multifactor authentication for remote access to privileged accounts in such a way that one of the factors is provided by a device separate from the system gaining access.

b

The operating system must accept Personal Identity Verification (PIV) credentials.

IA-2 - Medium - CCI-001953 - V-203728 - SV-203728r958816_rule

RMF Control

IA-2

Severity

M

CCI

CCI-001953

Version

SRG-OS-000376-GPOS-00161

Vuln IDs

V-203728
V-56815

Rule IDs

SV-203728r958816_rule
SV-71075

The use of PIV credentials facilitates standardization and reduces the risk of unauthorized access. DoD has mandated the use of the CAC to support identity management and personal authentication for systems covered under Homeland Security Presidential Directive (HSPD) 12, as well as making the CAC a primary component of layered protection for national security systems.

Checks: C-3853r375191_chk

Verify the operating system accepts Personal Identity Verification (PIV) credentials. If it does not, this is a finding.

Fix: F-3853r375192_fix

Configure the operating system to accept Personal Identity Verification (PIV) credentials.

b

The operating system must electronically verify Personal Identity Verification (PIV) credentials.

IA-2 - Medium - CCI-001954 - V-203729 - SV-203729r958818_rule

RMF Control

IA-2

Severity

M

CCI

CCI-001954

Version

SRG-OS-000377-GPOS-00162

Vuln IDs

V-203729
V-56813

Rule IDs

SV-203729r958818_rule
SV-71073

The use of PIV credentials facilitates standardization and reduces the risk of unauthorized access. DoD has mandated the use of the CAC to support identity management and personal authentication for systems covered under Homeland Security Presidential Directive (HSPD) 12, as well as making the CAC a primary component of layered protection for national security systems.

Checks: C-3854r375194_chk

Verify the operating system electronically verifies Personal Identity Verification (PIV) credentials. If it does not, this is a finding.

Fix: F-3854r375195_fix

Configure the operating system to electronically verify Personal Identity Verification (PIV) credentials.

b

The operating system must authenticate peripherals before establishing a connection.

IA-3 - Medium - CCI-001958 - V-203730 - SV-203730r958820_rule

RMF Control

IA-3

Severity

M

CCI

CCI-001958

Version

SRG-OS-000378-GPOS-00163

Vuln IDs

V-203730
V-56809

Rule IDs

SV-203730r958820_rule
SV-71069

Without authenticating devices, unidentified or unknown devices may be introduced, thereby facilitating malicious activity. Peripherals include, but are not limited to, such devices as flash drives, external storage, and printers.

Checks: C-3855r375197_chk

Verify the operating system authenticates peripherals before establishing a connection. If it does not, this is a finding.

Fix: F-3855r375198_fix

Configure the operating system to authenticate peripherals before establishing a connection.

b

The operating system must authenticate all endpoint devices before establishing a local, remote, and/or network connection using bidirectional authentication that is cryptographically based.

IA-3 - Medium - CCI-001967 - V-203731 - SV-203731r971545_rule

RMF Control

IA-3

Severity

M

CCI

CCI-001967

Version

SRG-OS-000379-GPOS-00164

Vuln IDs

V-203731
V-56807

Rule IDs

SV-203731r971545_rule
SV-71067

Without authenticating devices, unidentified or unknown devices may be introduced, thereby facilitating malicious activity. Bidirectional authentication provides stronger safeguards to validate the identity of other devices for connections that are of greater risk. Bidirectional authentication solutions include, but are not limited to, IEEE 802.1x and Extensible Authentication Protocol [EAP], RADIUS server with EAP-Transport Layer Security [TLS] authentication, Kerberos, and SSL mutual authentication. A local connection is any connection with a device communicating without the use of a network. A network connection is any connection with a device that communicates through a network (e.g., local area network, wide area network, or the Internet). A remote connection is any connection with a device communicating through an external network (e.g., the Internet). Because of the challenges of applying this requirement on a large scale, organizations are encouraged to only apply this requirement to those limited number (and type) of devices that truly need to support this capability.

Checks: C-3856r375257_chk

Verify the operating system authenticates all endpoint devices before establishing a local, remote, and/or network connection using bidirectional authentication that is cryptographically based. If it does not, this is a finding.

Fix: F-3856r375258_fix

Configure the operating system to authenticate all endpoint devices before establishing a local, remote, and/or network connection using bidirectional authentication that is cryptographically based.

b

The operating system must prohibit the use of cached authenticators after one day.

IA-5 - Medium - CCI-002007 - V-203733 - SV-203733r958828_rule

RMF Control

IA-5

Severity

M

CCI

CCI-002007

Version

SRG-OS-000383-GPOS-00166

Vuln IDs

V-203733
V-56801

Rule IDs

SV-203733r958828_rule
SV-71061

If cached authentication information is out-of-date, the validity of the authentication information may be questionable.

Checks: C-3858r375263_chk

Verify the operating system prohibits the use of cached authenticators after one day. If it does not, this is a finding.

Fix: F-3858r375264_fix

Configure the operating system to prohibit the use of cached authenticators after one day.

b

The operating system, for PKI-based authentication, must implement a local cache of revocation data to support path discovery and validation in case of the inability to access revocation information via the network.

Medium - CCI-004068 - V-203734 - SV-203734r982217_rule

RMF Control

Severity

M

CCI

CCI-004068

Version

SRG-OS-000384-GPOS-00167

Vuln IDs

V-203734
V-56797

Rule IDs

SV-203734r982217_rule
SV-71057

Without configuring a local cache of revocation data, there is the potential to allow access to users who are no longer authorized (users with revoked certificates).

Checks: C-3859r375266_chk

Verify the operating system, for PKI-based authentication, implements a local cache of revocation data to support path discovery and validation in case of the inability to access revocation information via the network. If it does not, this is a finding.

Fix: F-3859r375267_fix

Configure the operating system, for PKI-based authentication, to implement a local cache of revocation data to support path discovery and validation in case of the inability to access revocation information via the network.

b

The operating system must audit all activities performed during nonlocal maintenance and diagnostic sessions.

MA-4 - Medium - CCI-002884 - V-203735 - SV-203735r958846_rule

RMF Control

MA-4

Severity

M

CCI

CCI-002884

Version

SRG-OS-000392-GPOS-00172

Vuln IDs

V-203735
V-56795

Rule IDs

SV-203735r958846_rule
SV-71055

If events associated with nonlocal administrative access or diagnostic sessions are not logged, a major tool for assessing and investigating attacks would not be available. This requirement addresses auditing-related issues associated with maintenance tools used specifically for diagnostic and repair actions on organizational information systems. Nonlocal maintenance and diagnostic activities are those activities conducted by individuals communicating through a network, either an external network (e.g., the Internet) or an internal network. Local maintenance and diagnostic activities are those activities carried out by individuals physically present at the information system or information system component and not communicating across a network connection. This requirement applies to hardware/software diagnostic test equipment or tools. This requirement does not cover hardware/software components that may support information system maintenance, yet are a part of the system, for example, the software implementing "ping," "ls," "ipconfig," or the hardware and software implementing the monitoring port of an Ethernet switch.

Checks: C-3860r375269_chk

Verify the operating system audits all activities performed during nonlocal maintenance and diagnostic sessions. If it does not, this is a finding.

Fix: F-3860r375270_fix

Configure the operating system to audit all activities performed during nonlocal maintenance and diagnostic sessions.

c

The operating system must implement cryptographic mechanisms to protect the integrity of nonlocal maintenance and diagnostic communications, when used for nonlocal maintenance sessions.

MA-4 - High - CCI-002890 - V-203736 - SV-203736r958848_rule

RMF Control

MA-4

Severity

H

CCI

CCI-002890

Version

SRG-OS-000393-GPOS-00173

Vuln IDs

V-203736
V-56793

Rule IDs

SV-203736r958848_rule
SV-71053

Privileged access contains control and configuration information and is particularly sensitive, so additional protections are necessary. This is maintained by using cryptographic mechanisms, such as a hash function or digital signature, to protect integrity. Nonlocal maintenance and diagnostic activities are those activities conducted by individuals communicating through a network, either an external network (e.g., the Internet) or an internal network. Local maintenance and diagnostic activities are those activities carried out by individuals physically present at the information system or information system component and not communicating across a network connection. The operating system can meet this requirement through leveraging a cryptographic module. This requirement does not cover hardware/software components that may support information system maintenance, yet are a part of the system (e.g., the software implementing "ping," "ls," "ipconfig," or the hardware and software implementing the monitoring port of an Ethernet switch).

Checks: C-3861r375272_chk

Verify the operating system implements cryptographic mechanisms to protect the integrity of nonlocal maintenance and diagnostic communications, when used for nonlocal maintenance sessions. If it does not, this is a finding.

Fix: F-3861r375273_fix

Configure the operating system to implement cryptographic mechanisms to protect the integrity of nonlocal maintenance and diagnostic communications, when used for nonlocal maintenance sessions.

c

The operating system must implement cryptographic mechanisms to protect the confidentiality of nonlocal maintenance and diagnostic communications, when used for nonlocal maintenance sessions.

MA-4 - High - CCI-003123 - V-203737 - SV-203737r958850_rule

RMF Control

MA-4

Severity

H

CCI

CCI-003123

Version

SRG-OS-000394-GPOS-00174

Vuln IDs

V-203737
V-56789

Rule IDs

SV-203737r958850_rule
SV-71049

Privileged access contains control and configuration information and is particularly sensitive, so additional protections are necessary. This is maintained by using cryptographic mechanisms such as encryption to protect confidentiality. Nonlocal maintenance and diagnostic activities are those activities conducted by individuals communicating through a network, either an external network (e.g., the Internet) or an internal network. Local maintenance and diagnostic activities are those activities carried out by individuals physically present at the information system or information system component and not communicating across a network connection. This requirement applies to hardware/software diagnostic test equipment or tools. This requirement does not cover hardware/software components that may support information system maintenance, yet are a part of the system (e.g., the software implementing "ping," "ls," "ipconfig," or the hardware and software implementing the monitoring port of an Ethernet switch). The operating system can meet this requirement through leveraging a cryptographic module.

Checks: C-3862r375275_chk

Verify the operating system implements cryptographic mechanisms to protect the confidentiality of nonlocal maintenance and diagnostic communications, when used for nonlocal maintenance sessions. If it does not, this is a finding.

Fix: F-3862r375276_fix

Configure the operating system to implement cryptographic mechanisms to protect the confidentiality of nonlocal maintenance and diagnostic communications, when used for nonlocal maintenance sessions.

b

The operating system must verify remote disconnection at the termination of nonlocal maintenance and diagnostic sessions, when used for nonlocal maintenance sessions.

MA-4 - Medium - CCI-002891 - V-203738 - SV-203738r958852_rule

RMF Control

MA-4

Severity

M

CCI

CCI-002891

Version

SRG-OS-000395-GPOS-00175

Vuln IDs

V-203738
V-56787

Rule IDs

SV-203738r958852_rule
SV-71047

If the remote connection is not closed and verified as closed, the session may remain open and be exploited by an attacker; this is referred to as a zombie session. Remote connections must be disconnected and verified as disconnected when nonlocal maintenance sessions have been terminated and are no longer available for use.

Checks: C-3863r375278_chk

Verify the operating system verifies remote disconnection at the termination of nonlocal maintenance and diagnostic sessions, when used for nonlocal maintenance sessions. If it does not, this is a finding.

Fix: F-3863r375279_fix

Configure the operating system to verify remote disconnection at the termination of nonlocal maintenance and diagnostic sessions, when used for nonlocal maintenance sessions.

c

The operating system must implement NSA-approved cryptography to protect classified information in accordance with applicable federal laws, Executive Orders, directives, policies, regulations, and standards.

SC-13 - High - CCI-002450 - V-203739 - SV-203739r987791_rule

RMF Control

SC-13

Severity

H

CCI

CCI-002450

Version

SRG-OS-000396-GPOS-00176

Vuln IDs

V-203739
V-56783

Rule IDs

SV-203739r987791_rule
SV-71043

Use of weak or untested encryption algorithms undermines the purposes of utilizing encryption to protect data. The operating system must implement cryptographic modules adhering to the higher standards approved by the federal government since this provides assurance they have been tested and validated.

Checks: C-3864r375281_chk

Verify the operating system implements NSA-approved cryptography to protect classified information in accordance with applicable federal laws, Executive Orders, directives, policies, regulations, and standards. If it does not, this is a finding.

Fix: F-3864r375282_fix

Configure the operating system to implement NSA-approved cryptography to protect classified information in accordance with applicable federal laws, Executive Orders, directives, policies, regulations, and standards.

b

The operating system must only allow the use of DoD PKI-established certificate authorities for authentication in the establishment of protected sessions to the operating system.

SC-23 - Medium - CCI-002470 - V-203744 - SV-203744r958868_rule

RMF Control

SC-23

Severity

M

CCI

CCI-002470

Version

SRG-OS-000403-GPOS-00182

Vuln IDs

V-203744
V-56773

Rule IDs

SV-203744r958868_rule
SV-71033

Untrusted Certificate Authorities (CA) can issue certificates, but they may be issued by organizations or individuals that seek to compromise DoD systems or by organizations with insufficient security controls. If the CA used for verifying the certificate is not a DoD-approved CA, trust of this CA has not been established. The DoD will only accept PKI-certificates obtained from a DoD-approved internal or external certificate authority. Reliance on CAs for the establishment of secure sessions includes, for example, the use of SSL/TLS certificates.

Checks: C-3869r375296_chk

Verify the operating system only allows the use of DoD PKI-established certificate authorities for verification of the establishment of protected sessions. If it does not, this is a finding.

Fix: F-3869r375297_fix

Configure the operating system to only allow the use of DoD PKI-established certificate authorities for verification of the establishment of protected sessions.

c

The operating system must implement cryptographic mechanisms to prevent unauthorized modification of all information at rest on all operating system components.

SC-28 - High - CCI-002475 - V-203745 - SV-203745r958870_rule

RMF Control

SC-28

Severity

H

CCI

CCI-002475

Version

SRG-OS-000404-GPOS-00183

Vuln IDs

V-203745
V-56741

Rule IDs

SV-203745r958870_rule
SV-71001

Operating systems handling data requiring "data at rest" protections must employ cryptographic mechanisms to prevent unauthorized disclosure and modification of the information at rest. Selection of a cryptographic mechanism is based on the need to protect the integrity of organizational information. The strength of the mechanism is commensurate with the security category and/or classification of the information. Organizations have the flexibility to either encrypt all information on storage devices (i.e., full disk encryption) or encrypt specific data structures (e.g., files, records, or fields).

Checks: C-3870r375299_chk

Verify the operating system implements cryptographic mechanisms to prevent unauthorized modification of all information at rest on all operating system components. If it does not, this is a finding.

Fix: F-3870r375300_fix

Configure the operating system to implement cryptographic mechanisms to prevent unauthorized modification of all information at rest on all operating system components.

c

The operating system must implement cryptographic mechanisms to prevent unauthorized disclosure of all information at rest on all operating system components.

SC-28 - High - CCI-002476 - V-203746 - SV-203746r958872_rule

RMF Control

SC-28

Severity

H

CCI

CCI-002476

Version

SRG-OS-000405-GPOS-00184

Vuln IDs

V-203746
V-56739

Rule IDs

SV-203746r958872_rule
SV-70999

Operating systems handling data requiring "data at rest" protections must employ cryptographic mechanisms to prevent unauthorized disclosure and modification of the information at rest. Selection of a cryptographic mechanism is based on the need to protect the integrity of organizational information. The strength of the mechanism is commensurate with the security category and/or classification of the information. Organizations have the flexibility to either encrypt all information on storage devices (i.e., full disk encryption) or encrypt specific data structures (e.g., files, records, or fields).

Checks: C-3871r375302_chk

Verify the operating system implements cryptographic mechanisms to prevent unauthorized disclosure of all information at rest on all operating system components. If it does not, this is a finding.

Fix: F-3871r375303_fix

Configure the operating system to implement cryptographic mechanisms to prevent unauthorized disclosure of all information at rest on all operating system components.

b

The operating system must protect against or limit the effects of Denial of Service (DoS) attacks by ensuring the operating system is implementing rate-limiting measures on impacted network interfaces.

SC-5 - Medium - CCI-002385 - V-203747 - SV-203747r958902_rule

RMF Control

SC-5

Severity

M

CCI

CCI-002385

Version

SRG-OS-000420-GPOS-00186

Vuln IDs

V-203747
V-56737

Rule IDs

SV-203747r958902_rule
SV-70997

DoS is a condition when a resource is not available for legitimate users. When this occurs, the organization either cannot accomplish its mission or must operate at degraded capacity. This requirement addresses the configuration of the operating system to mitigate the impact of DoS attacks that have occurred or are ongoing on system availability. For each system, known and potential DoS attacks must be identified and solutions for each type implemented. A variety of technologies exist to limit or, in some cases, eliminate the effects of DoS attacks (e.g., limiting processes or establishing memory partitions). Employing increased capacity and bandwidth, combined with service redundancy, may reduce the susceptibility to some DoS attacks.

Checks: C-3872r375305_chk

Verify the operating system protects against or limits the effects of Denial of Service (DoS) attacks by ensuring the operating system is implementing rate-limiting measures on impacted network interfaces. If it does not, this is a finding.

Fix: F-3872r375306_fix

Configure the operating system to protect against or limit the effects of Denial of Service (DoS) attacks by ensuring the operating system is implementing rate-limiting measures on impacted network interfaces.

c

The operating system must protect the confidentiality and integrity of transmitted information.

SC-8 - High - CCI-002418 - V-203748 - SV-203748r958908_rule

RMF Control

SC-8

Severity

H

CCI

CCI-002418

Version

SRG-OS-000423-GPOS-00187

Vuln IDs

V-203748
V-56735

Rule IDs

SV-203748r958908_rule
SV-70995

Without protection of the transmitted information, confidentiality and integrity may be compromised because unprotected communications can be intercepted and either read or altered. This requirement applies to both internal and external networks and all types of information system components from which information can be transmitted (e.g., servers, mobile devices, notebook computers, printers, copiers, scanners, and facsimile machines). Communication paths outside the physical protection of a controlled boundary are exposed to the possibility of interception and modification. Protecting the confidentiality and integrity of organizational information can be accomplished by physical means (e.g., employing physical distribution systems) or by logical means (e.g., employing cryptographic techniques). If physical means of protection are employed, then logical means (cryptography) do not have to be employed, and vice versa.

Checks: C-3873r375308_chk

Verify the operating system protects the confidentiality and integrity of transmitted information. If it does not, this is a finding.

Fix: F-3873r375309_fix

Configure the operating system to protect the confidentiality and integrity of transmitted information.

c

The operating system must implement cryptographic mechanisms to prevent unauthorized disclosure of information and/or detect changes to information during transmission unless otherwise protected by alternative physical safeguards, such as, at a minimum, a Protected Distribution System (PDS).

SC-8 - High - CCI-002421 - V-203749 - SV-203749r971547_rule

RMF Control

SC-8

Severity

H

CCI

CCI-002421

Version

SRG-OS-000424-GPOS-00188

Vuln IDs

V-203749
V-56733

Rule IDs

SV-203749r971547_rule
SV-70993

Encrypting information for transmission protects information from unauthorized disclosure and modification. Cryptographic mechanisms implemented to protect information integrity include, for example, cryptographic hash functions which have common application in digital signatures, checksums, and message authentication codes. Use of this requirement will be limited to situations where the data owner has a strict requirement for ensuring data integrity and confidentiality is maintained at every step of the data transfer and handling process. When transmitting data, operating systems need to leverage transmission protection mechanisms such as TLS, SSL VPNs, or IPSec. Alternative physical protection measures include PDS. PDSs are used to transmit unencrypted classified National Security Information (NSI) through an area of lesser classification or control. Since the classified NSI is unencrypted, the PDS must provide adequate electrical, electromagnetic, and physical safeguards to deter exploitation.

Checks: C-3874r877464_chk

Verify the operating system implements cryptographic mechanisms to prevent unauthorized disclosure of information and/or detect changes to information during transmission unless otherwise protected by alternative physical safeguards, such as, at a minimum, a Protected Distribution System (PDS). If it does not, this is a finding.

Fix: F-3874r877029_fix

Configure the operating system to implement cryptographic mechanisms to prevent unauthorized disclosure of information and/or detect changes to information during transmission unless otherwise protected by alternative physical safeguards, such as, at a minimum, a Protected Distribution System (PDS).

b

The operating system must maintain the confidentiality and integrity of information during preparation for transmission.

SC-8 - Medium - CCI-002420 - V-203750 - SV-203750r958912_rule

RMF Control

SC-8

Severity

M

CCI

CCI-002420

Version

SRG-OS-000425-GPOS-00189

Vuln IDs

V-203750
V-56731

Rule IDs

SV-203750r958912_rule
SV-70991

Information can be either unintentionally or maliciously disclosed or modified during preparation for transmission, for example, during aggregation, at protocol transformation points, and during packing/unpacking. These unauthorized disclosures or modifications compromise the confidentiality or integrity of the information. Ensuring the confidentiality of transmitted information requires the operating system to take measures in preparing information for transmission. This can be accomplished via access control and encryption. Use of this requirement will be limited to situations where the data owner has a strict requirement for ensuring data integrity and confidentiality is maintained at every step of the data transfer and handling process. When transmitting data, operating systems need to support transmission protection mechanisms such as TLS, SSL VPNs, or IPSec.

Checks: C-3875r375749_chk

Verify the operating system maintains the confidentiality and integrity of information during preparation for transmission. If it does not, this is a finding.

Fix: F-3875r375750_fix

Configure the operating system to maintain the confidentiality and integrity of information during preparation for transmission.

b

The operating system must maintain the confidentiality and integrity of information during reception.

SC-8 - Medium - CCI-002422 - V-203751 - SV-203751r958914_rule

RMF Control

SC-8

Severity

M

CCI

CCI-002422

Version

SRG-OS-000426-GPOS-00190

Vuln IDs

V-203751
V-56729

Rule IDs

SV-203751r958914_rule
SV-70989

Information can be either unintentionally or maliciously disclosed or modified during reception, including, for example, during aggregation, at protocol transformation points, and during packing/unpacking. These unauthorized disclosures or modifications compromise the confidentiality or integrity of the information. Ensuring the confidentiality of transmitted information requires the operating system to take measures in preparing information for transmission. This can be accomplished via access control and encryption. Use of this requirement will be limited to situations where the data owner has a strict requirement for ensuring data integrity and confidentiality is maintained at every step of the data transfer and handling process. When receiving data, operating systems need to leverage protection mechanisms such as TLS, SSL VPNs, or IPSec.

Checks: C-3876r375374_chk

Verify the operating system maintains the confidentiality and integrity of information during reception. If it does not, this is a finding.

Fix: F-3876r375375_fix

Configure the operating system to maintain the confidentiality and integrity of information during reception.

b

The operating system must behave in a predictable and documented manner that reflects organizational and system objectives when invalid inputs are received.

SI-10 - Medium - CCI-002754 - V-203752 - SV-203752r958926_rule

RMF Control

SI-10

Severity

M

CCI

CCI-002754

Version

SRG-OS-000432-GPOS-00191

Vuln IDs

V-203752
V-56727

Rule IDs

SV-203752r958926_rule
SV-70987

A common vulnerability of operating system is unpredictable behavior when invalid inputs are received. This requirement guards against adverse or unintended system behavior caused by invalid inputs, where information system responses to the invalid input may be disruptive or cause the system to fail into an unsafe state. The behavior will be derived from the organizational and system requirements and includes, but is not limited to, notification of the appropriate personnel, creating an audit record, and rejecting invalid input.

Checks: C-3877r375377_chk

Verify the operating system behaves in a predictable and documented manner that reflects organizational and system objectives when invalid inputs are received. If it does not, this is a finding.

Fix: F-3877r375378_fix

Configure the operating system to behave in a predictable and documented manner that reflects organizational and system objectives when invalid inputs are received.

b

The operating system must implement non-executable data to protect its memory from unauthorized code execution.

SI-16 - Medium - CCI-002824 - V-203753 - SV-203753r958928_rule

RMF Control

SI-16

Severity

M

CCI

CCI-002824

Version

SRG-OS-000433-GPOS-00192

Vuln IDs

V-203753
V-56725

Rule IDs

SV-203753r958928_rule
SV-70985

Some adversaries launch attacks with the intent of executing code in non-executable regions of memory or in memory locations that are prohibited. Security safeguards employed to protect memory include, for example, data execution prevention and address space layout randomization. Data execution prevention safeguards can either be hardware-enforced or software-enforced with hardware providing the greater strength of mechanism. Examples of attacks are buffer overflow attacks.

Checks: C-3878r375380_chk

Verify the operating system implements non-executable data to protect its memory from unauthorized code execution. If it does not, this is a finding.

Fix: F-3878r375381_fix

Configure the operating system to implement non-executable data to protect its memory from unauthorized code execution.

b

The operating system must implement address space layout randomization to protect its memory from unauthorized code execution.

SI-16 - Medium - CCI-002824 - V-203754 - SV-203754r958928_rule

RMF Control

SI-16

Severity

M

CCI

CCI-002824

Version

SRG-OS-000433-GPOS-00193

Vuln IDs

V-203754
V-56723

Rule IDs

SV-203754r958928_rule
SV-70983

Some adversaries launch attacks with the intent of executing code in non-executable regions of memory or in memory locations that are prohibited. Security safeguards employed to protect memory include, for example, data execution prevention and address space layout randomization. Data execution prevention safeguards can either be hardware-enforced or software-enforced with hardware providing the greater strength of mechanism. Examples of attacks are buffer overflow attacks.

Checks: C-3879r375383_chk

Verify the operating system implements address space layout randomization to protect its memory from unauthorized code execution. If it does not, this is a finding.

Fix: F-3879r375384_fix

Configure the operating system to implement address space layout randomization to protect its memory from unauthorized code execution.

b

The operating system must remove all software components after updated versions have been installed.

SI-2 - Medium - CCI-002617 - V-203755 - SV-203755r958936_rule

RMF Control

SI-2

Severity

M

CCI

CCI-002617

Version

SRG-OS-000437-GPOS-00194

Vuln IDs

V-203755
V-56721

Rule IDs

SV-203755r958936_rule
SV-70981

Previous versions of software components that are not removed from the information system after updates have been installed may be exploited by adversaries. Some information technology products may remove older versions of software automatically from the information system.

Checks: C-3880r375386_chk

Verify the operating system removes all software components after updated versions have been installed. If it does not, this is a finding.

Fix: F-3880r375387_fix

Configure the operating system to remove all software components after updated versions have been installed.

b

The operating system must verify correct operation of all security functions.

SI-6 - Medium - CCI-002696 - V-203756 - SV-203756r958944_rule

RMF Control

SI-6

Severity

M

CCI

CCI-002696

Version

SRG-OS-000445-GPOS-00199

Vuln IDs

V-203756
V-56719

Rule IDs

SV-203756r958944_rule
SV-70979

Without verification of the security functions, security functions may not operate correctly and the failure may go unnoticed. Security function is defined as the hardware, software, and/or firmware of the information system responsible for enforcing the system security policy and supporting the isolation of code and data on which the protection is based. Security functionality includes, but is not limited to, establishing system accounts, configuring access authorizations (i.e., permissions, privileges), setting events to be audited, and setting intrusion detection parameters. This requirement applies to operating systems performing security function verification/testing and/or systems and environments that require this functionality.

Checks: C-3881r375389_chk

Verify the operating system verifies correct operation of all security functions. If it does not, this is a finding.

Fix: F-3881r375390_fix

Configure the operating system to verify correct operation of all security functions.

b

The operating system must perform verification of the correct operation of security functions: upon system start-up and/or restart; upon command by a user with privileged access; and/or every 30 days.

SI-6 - Medium - CCI-002699 - V-203757 - SV-203757r958946_rule

RMF Control

SI-6

Severity

M

CCI

CCI-002699

Version

SRG-OS-000446-GPOS-00200

Vuln IDs

V-203757
V-56717

Rule IDs

SV-203757r958946_rule
SV-70977

Without verification of the security functions, security functions may not operate correctly and the failure may go unnoticed. Security function is defined as the hardware, software, and/or firmware of the information system responsible for enforcing the system security policy and supporting the isolation of code and data on which the protection is based. Security functionality includes, but is not limited to, establishing system accounts, configuring access authorizations (i.e., permissions, privileges), setting events to be audited, and setting intrusion detection parameters. Notifications provided by information systems include, for example, electronic alerts to system administrators, messages to local computer consoles, and/or hardware indications, such as lights. This requirement applies to operating systems performing security function verification/testing and/or systems and environments that require this functionality.

Checks: C-3882r375392_chk

Verify the operating system performs verification of the correct operation of security functions: upon system start-up and/or restart; upon command by a user with privileged access; and/or every 30 days. If it does not, this is a finding.

Fix: F-3882r375393_fix

Configure the operating system to perform verification of the correct operation of security functions: upon system start-up and/or restart; upon command by a user with privileged access; and/or every 30 days.

b

The operating system must shut down the information system, restart the information system, and/or notify the system administrator when anomalies in the operation of any security functions are discovered.

SI-6 - Medium - CCI-002702 - V-203758 - SV-203758r958948_rule

RMF Control

SI-6

Severity

M

CCI

CCI-002702

Version

SRG-OS-000447-GPOS-00201

Vuln IDs

V-203758
V-56715

Rule IDs

SV-203758r958948_rule
SV-70975

If anomalies are not acted upon, security functions may fail to secure the system. Security function is defined as the hardware, software, and/or firmware of the information system responsible for enforcing the system security policy and supporting the isolation of code and data on which the protection is based. Security functionality includes, but is not limited to, establishing system accounts, configuring access authorizations (i.e., permissions, privileges), setting events to be audited, and setting intrusion detection parameters. Notifications provided by information systems include messages to local computer consoles, and/or hardware indications, such as lights. This capability must take into account operational requirements for availability for selecting an appropriate response. The organization may choose to shut down or restart the information system upon security function anomaly detection.

Checks: C-3883r375395_chk

Verify the operating system shuts down the information system, restarts the information system, and/or notifies the system administrator when anomalies in the operation of any security functions are discovered. If it does not, this is a finding.

Fix: F-3883r375396_fix

Configure the operating system to shut down the information system, restart the information system, and/or notify the system administrator when anomalies in the operation of the security functions are discovered.

b

The operating system must generate audit records when successful/unsuccessful attempts to access security objects occur.

AU-12 - Medium - CCI-000172 - V-203759 - SV-203759r991570_rule

RMF Control

AU-12

Severity

M

CCI

Version

SRG-OS-000458-GPOS-00203

Vuln IDs

V-203759
V-56713

Rule IDs

SV-203759r991570_rule
SV-70973

Without generating audit records that are specific to the security and mission needs of the organization, it would be difficult to establish, correlate, and investigate the events relating to an incident or identify those responsible for one. Audit records can be generated from various components within the information system (e.g., module or policy filter).

Checks: C-3884r375398_chk

Verify the operating system generates audit records when successful/unsuccessful attempts to access security objects occur. If it does not, this is a finding.

Fix: F-3884r375399_fix

Configure the operating system to generate audit records when successful/unsuccessful attempts to access security objects occur.

b

The operating system must generate audit records when successful/unsuccessful attempts to access categories of information (e.g., classification levels) occur.

AU-12 - Medium - CCI-000172 - V-203760 - SV-203760r991571_rule

RMF Control

AU-12

Severity

M

CCI

Version

SRG-OS-000461-GPOS-00205

Vuln IDs

V-203760
V-56711

Rule IDs

SV-203760r991571_rule
SV-70971

Without generating audit records that are specific to the security and mission needs of the organization, it would be difficult to establish, correlate, and investigate the events relating to an incident or identify those responsible for one. Audit records can be generated from various components within the information system (e.g., module or policy filter).

Checks: C-3885r375401_chk

Verify the operating system generates audit records when successful/unsuccessful attempts to access categories of information (e.g., classification levels) occur. If it does not, this is a finding.

Fix: F-3885r375402_fix

Configure the operating system to generate audit records when successful/unsuccessful attempts to access categories of information (e.g., classification levels) occur.

b

The operating system must generate audit records when successful/unsuccessful attempts to modify privileges occur.

AU-12 - Medium - CCI-000172 - V-203761 - SV-203761r991572_rule

RMF Control

AU-12

Severity

M

CCI

Version

SRG-OS-000462-GPOS-00206

Vuln IDs

V-203761
V-56645

Rule IDs

SV-203761r991572_rule
SV-70905

Without generating audit records that are specific to the security and mission needs of the organization, it would be difficult to establish, correlate, and investigate the events relating to an incident or identify those responsible for one. Audit records can be generated from various components within the information system (e.g., module or policy filter).

Checks: C-3886r375404_chk

Verify the operating system generates audit records when successful/unsuccessful attempts to modify privileges occur. If it does not, this is a finding.

Fix: F-3886r375405_fix

Configure the operating system to generate audit records when successful/unsuccessful attempts to modify privileges occur.

b

The operating system must generate audit records when successful/unsuccessful attempts to modify security objects occur.

AU-12 - Medium - CCI-000172 - V-203762 - SV-203762r991573_rule

RMF Control

AU-12

Severity

M

CCI

Version

SRG-OS-000463-GPOS-00207

Vuln IDs

V-203762
V-56643

Rule IDs

SV-203762r991573_rule
SV-70903

Without generating audit records that are specific to the security and mission needs of the organization, it would be difficult to establish, correlate, and investigate the events relating to an incident or identify those responsible for one. Audit records can be generated from various components within the information system (e.g., module or policy filter).

Checks: C-3887r375407_chk

Verify the operating system generates audit records when successful/unsuccessful attempts to modify security objects occur. If it does not, this is a finding.

Fix: F-3887r375408_fix

Configure the operating system to generate audit records when successful/unsuccessful attempts to modify security objects occur.

b

The operating system must generate audit records when successful/unsuccessful attempts to modify categories of information (e.g., classification levels) occur.

AU-12 - Medium - CCI-000172 - V-203763 - SV-203763r991574_rule

RMF Control

AU-12

Severity

M

CCI

Version

SRG-OS-000465-GPOS-00209

Vuln IDs

V-203763
V-56627

Rule IDs

SV-203763r991574_rule
SV-70887

Without generating audit records that are specific to the security and mission needs of the organization, it would be difficult to establish, correlate, and investigate the events relating to an incident or identify those responsible for one. Audit records can be generated from various components within the information system (e.g., module or policy filter).

Checks: C-3888r375410_chk

Verify the operating system generates audit records when successful/unsuccessful attempts to modify categories of information (e.g., classification levels) occur. If it does not, this is a finding.

Fix: F-3888r375411_fix

Configure the operating system to generate audit records when successful/unsuccessful attempts to modify categories of information (e.g., classification levels) occur.

b

The operating system must generate audit records when successful/unsuccessful attempts to delete privileges occur.

AU-12 - Medium - CCI-000172 - V-203764 - SV-203764r991575_rule

RMF Control

AU-12

Severity

M

CCI

Version

SRG-OS-000466-GPOS-00210

Vuln IDs

V-203764
V-56625

Rule IDs

SV-203764r991575_rule
SV-70885

Without generating audit records that are specific to the security and mission needs of the organization, it would be difficult to establish, correlate, and investigate the events relating to an incident or identify those responsible for one. Audit records can be generated from various components within the information system (e.g., module or policy filter).

Checks: C-3889r375413_chk

Verify the operating system generates audit records when successful/unsuccessful attempts to delete privileges occur. If it does not, this is a finding.

Fix: F-3889r375414_fix

Configure the operating system to generate audit records when successful/unsuccessful attempts to delete privileges occur.

b

The operating system must generate audit records when successful/unsuccessful attempts to delete security levels occur.

AU-12 - Medium - CCI-000172 - V-203765 - SV-203765r991576_rule

RMF Control

AU-12

Severity

M

CCI

Version

SRG-OS-000467-GPOS-00211

Vuln IDs

V-203765
V-56623

Rule IDs

SV-203765r991576_rule
SV-70883

Without generating audit records that are specific to the security and mission needs of the organization, it would be difficult to establish, correlate, and investigate the events relating to an incident or identify those responsible for one. Audit records can be generated from various components within the information system (e.g., module or policy filter).

Checks: C-3890r375416_chk

Verify the operating system generates audit records when successful/unsuccessful attempts to delete security levels occur. If it does not, this is a finding.

Fix: F-3890r375417_fix

Configure the operating system to generate audit records when successful/unsuccessful attempts to delete security levels occur.

b

The operating system must generate audit records when successful/unsuccessful attempts to delete security objects occur.

AU-12 - Medium - CCI-000172 - V-203766 - SV-203766r991577_rule

RMF Control

AU-12

Severity

M

CCI

Version

SRG-OS-000468-GPOS-00212

Vuln IDs

V-203766
V-56621

Rule IDs

SV-203766r991577_rule
SV-70881

Without generating audit records that are specific to the security and mission needs of the organization, it would be difficult to establish, correlate, and investigate the events relating to an incident or identify those responsible for one. Audit records can be generated from various components within the information system (e.g., module or policy filter).

Checks: C-3891r375419_chk

Verify the operating system generates audit records when successful/unsuccessful attempts to delete security objects occur. If it does not, this is a finding.

Fix: F-3891r375420_fix

Configure the operating system to generate audit records when successful/unsuccessful attempts to delete security objects occur.

b

The operating system must generate audit records when successful/unsuccessful logon attempts occur.

AU-12 - Medium - CCI-000172 - V-203767 - SV-203767r991578_rule

RMF Control

AU-12

Severity

M

CCI

Version

SRG-OS-000470-GPOS-00214

Vuln IDs

V-203767
V-56619

Rule IDs

SV-203767r991578_rule
SV-70879

Without generating audit records that are specific to the security and mission needs of the organization, it would be difficult to establish, correlate, and investigate the events relating to an incident or identify those responsible for one. Audit records can be generated from various components within the information system (e.g., module or policy filter).

Checks: C-3892r375422_chk

Verify the operating system generates audit records when successful/unsuccessful logon attempts occur. If it does not, this is a finding.

Fix: F-3892r375423_fix

Configure the operating system to generate audit records when successful/unsuccessful logon attempts occur.

b

The operating system must generate audit records for privileged activities or other system-level access.

AU-12 - Medium - CCI-000172 - V-203768 - SV-203768r991579_rule

RMF Control

AU-12

Severity

M

CCI

Version

SRG-OS-000471-GPOS-00215

Vuln IDs

V-203768
V-56617

Rule IDs

SV-203768r991579_rule
SV-70877

Without generating audit records that are specific to the security and mission needs of the organization, it would be difficult to establish, correlate, and investigate the events relating to an incident or identify those responsible for one. Audit records can be generated from various components within the information system (e.g., module or policy filter).

Checks: C-3893r375425_chk

Verify the operating system generates audit records for privileged activities or other system-level access. If it does not, this is a finding.

Fix: F-3893r375426_fix

Configure the operating system to generate audit records for privileged activities or other system-level access.

b

The audit system must be configured to audit the loading and unloading of dynamic kernel modules.

AU-12 - Medium - CCI-000172 - V-203769 - SV-203769r991580_rule

RMF Control

AU-12

Severity

M

CCI

Version

SRG-OS-000471-GPOS-00216

Vuln IDs

V-203769
V-56615

Rule IDs

SV-203769r991580_rule
SV-70875

Without generating audit records that are specific to the security and mission needs of the organization, it would be difficult to establish, correlate, and investigate the events relating to an incident or identify those responsible for one. Audit records can be generated from various components within the information system (e.g., module or policy filter).

Checks: C-3894r375428_chk

Verify the audit system is configured to audit the loading and unloading of dynamic kernel modules. If it does not, this is a finding.

Fix: F-3894r375429_fix

Configure the audit system to audit the loading and unloading of dynamic kernel modules.

b

The operating system must generate audit records showing starting and ending time for user access to the system.

AU-12 - Medium - CCI-000172 - V-203770 - SV-203770r991581_rule

RMF Control

AU-12

Severity

M

CCI

Version

SRG-OS-000472-GPOS-00217

Vuln IDs

V-203770
V-56613

Rule IDs

SV-203770r991581_rule
SV-70873

Without generating audit records that are specific to the security and mission needs of the organization, it would be difficult to establish, correlate, and investigate the events relating to an incident or identify those responsible for one. Audit records can be generated from various components within the information system (e.g., module or policy filter).

Checks: C-3895r375431_chk

Verify the operating system generates audit records showing starting and ending time for user access to the system. If it does not, this is a finding.

Fix: F-3895r375432_fix

Configure the operating system to generate audit records showing starting and ending time for user access to the system.

b

The operating system must generate audit records when concurrent logons to the same account occur from different sources.

AU-12 - Medium - CCI-000172 - V-203771 - SV-203771r991582_rule

RMF Control

AU-12

Severity

M

CCI

Version

SRG-OS-000473-GPOS-00218

Vuln IDs

V-203771
V-56611

Rule IDs

SV-203771r991582_rule
SV-70871

Without generating audit records that are specific to the security and mission needs of the organization, it would be difficult to establish, correlate, and investigate the events relating to an incident or identify those responsible for one. Audit records can be generated from various components within the information system (e.g., module or policy filter).

Checks: C-3896r375704_chk

Verify the operating system generates audit records when concurrent logons to the same account occur from different sources. If it does not, this is a finding.

Fix: F-3896r375705_fix

Configure the operating system to generate audit records when concurrent logons to the same account occur from different sources.

b

The operating system must generate audit records when successful/unsuccessful accesses to objects occur.

AU-12 - Medium - CCI-000172 - V-203772 - SV-203772r991583_rule

RMF Control

AU-12

Severity

M

CCI

Version

SRG-OS-000474-GPOS-00219

Vuln IDs

V-203772
V-56609

Rule IDs

SV-203772r991583_rule
SV-70869

Without generating audit records that are specific to the security and mission needs of the organization, it would be difficult to establish, correlate, and investigate the events relating to an incident or identify those responsible for one. Audit records can be generated from various components within the information system (e.g., module or policy filter).

Checks: C-3897r375707_chk

Verify the operating system generates audit records when successful/unsuccessful accesses to objects occur. If it does not, this is a finding.

Fix: F-3897r375708_fix

Configure the operating system to generate audit records when successful/unsuccessful accesses to objects occur.

b

The operating system must generate audit records for all direct access to the information system.

AU-12 - Medium - CCI-000172 - V-203773 - SV-203773r991584_rule

RMF Control

AU-12

Severity

M

CCI

Version

SRG-OS-000475-GPOS-00220

Vuln IDs

V-203773
V-56607

Rule IDs

SV-203773r991584_rule
SV-70867

Without generating audit records that are specific to the security and mission needs of the organization, it would be difficult to establish, correlate, and investigate the events relating to an incident or identify those responsible for one. Audit records can be generated from various components within the information system (e.g., module or policy filter).

Checks: C-3898r375710_chk

Verify the operating system generates audit records for all direct access to the information system. If it does not, this is a finding.

Fix: F-3898r375711_fix

Configure the operating system to generate audit records for all direct access to the information system.

b

The operating system must generate audit records for all account creations, modifications, disabling, and termination events.

AU-12 - Medium - CCI-000172 - V-203774 - SV-203774r991585_rule

RMF Control

AU-12

Severity

M

CCI

Version

SRG-OS-000476-GPOS-00221

Vuln IDs

V-203774
V-56605

Rule IDs

SV-203774r991585_rule
SV-70865

Without generating audit records that are specific to the security and mission needs of the organization, it would be difficult to establish, correlate, and investigate the events relating to an incident or identify those responsible for one. Audit records can be generated from various components within the information system (e.g., module or policy filter).

Checks: C-3899r375713_chk

Verify the operating system generates audit records for all account creations, modifications, disabling, and termination events. If it does not, this is a finding.

Fix: F-3899r375714_fix

Configure the operating system to generate audit records for all account creations, modifications, disabling, and termination events.

b

The operating system must generate audit records for all kernel module load, unload, and restart actions, and also for all program initiations.

AU-12 - Medium - CCI-000172 - V-203775 - SV-203775r991586_rule

RMF Control

AU-12

Severity

M

CCI

Version

SRG-OS-000477-GPOS-00222

Vuln IDs

V-203775
V-56603

Rule IDs

SV-203775r991586_rule
SV-70863

Without generating audit records that are specific to the security and mission needs of the organization, it would be difficult to establish, correlate, and investigate the events relating to an incident or identify those responsible for one. Audit records can be generated from various components within the information system (e.g., module or policy filter).

Checks: C-3900r375716_chk

Verify the operating system generates audit records for all kernel module load, unload, and restart actions, and also for all program initiations. If it does not, this is a finding.

Fix: F-3900r375717_fix

Configure the operating system to generate audit records for all kernel module load, unload, and restart actions, and also for all program initiations.

c

The operating system must implement NIST FIPS-validated cryptography for the following: to provision digital signatures, to generate cryptographic hashes, and to protect unclassified information requiring confidentiality and cryptographic protection in accordance with applicable federal laws, Executive Orders, directives, policies, regulations, and standards.

SC-13 - High - CCI-002450 - V-203776 - SV-203776r959006_rule

RMF Control

SC-13

Severity

H

CCI

CCI-002450

Version

SRG-OS-000478-GPOS-00223

Vuln IDs

V-203776
V-56601

Rule IDs

SV-203776r959006_rule
SV-70861

Use of weak or untested encryption algorithms undermines the purposes of utilizing encryption to protect data. The operating system must implement cryptographic modules adhering to the higher standards approved by the federal government since this provides assurance they have been tested and validated.

Checks: C-3901r877032_chk

Verify the operating system implements NIST FIPS-validated cryptography for the following: to provision digital signatures, to generate cryptographic hashes, and to protect unclassified information requiring confidentiality and cryptographic protection in accordance with applicable federal laws, Executive Orders, directives, policies, regulations, and standards. If it does not, this is a finding.

Fix: F-3901r877031_fix

Configure the operating system to implement NIST FIPS-validated cryptography for the following: to provision digital signatures, to generate cryptographic hashes, and to protect unclassified information requiring confidentiality and cryptographic protection in accordance with applicable federal laws, Executive Orders, directives, policies, regulations, and standards.

b

The operating system must, at a minimum, off-load audit data from interconnected systems in real time and off-load audit data from standalone systems weekly.

AU-4 - Medium - CCI-001851 - V-203777 - SV-203777r959008_rule

RMF Control

AU-4

Severity

M

CCI

CCI-001851

Version

SRG-OS-000479-GPOS-00224

Vuln IDs

V-203777
V-56599

Rule IDs

SV-203777r959008_rule
SV-70859

Information stored in one location is vulnerable to accidental or incidental deletion or alteration. Off-loading is a common process in information systems with limited audit storage capacity.

Checks: C-3902r375722_chk

Verify the operating system, at a minimum, off-loads interconnected systems in real time and off-loads standalone systems weekly. If it does not, this is a finding.

Fix: F-3902r375723_fix

Configure the operating system to, at a minimum, off-load interconnected systems in real time and off-load standalone systems weekly.

b

The operating system must prevent the use of dictionary words for passwords.

CM-6 - Medium - CCI-000366 - V-203778 - SV-203778r991587_rule

RMF Control

CM-6

Severity

M

CCI

Version

SRG-OS-000480-GPOS-00225

Vuln IDs

V-203778
V-56597

Rule IDs

SV-203778r991587_rule
SV-70857

If the operating system allows the user to select passwords based on dictionary words, then this increases the chances of password compromise by increasing the opportunity for successful guesses and brute-force attacks.

Checks: C-3903r375725_chk

Verify the operating system prevents the use of dictionary words for passwords. If it does not, this is a finding.

Fix: F-3903r375726_fix

Configure the operating system to prevent the use of dictionary words for passwords.

b

The operating system must enforce a delay of at least 4 seconds between logon prompts following a failed logon attempt.

CM-6 - Medium - CCI-000366 - V-203779 - SV-203779r991588_rule

RMF Control

CM-6

Severity

M

CCI

Version

SRG-OS-000480-GPOS-00226

Vuln IDs

V-203779
V-56595

Rule IDs

SV-203779r991588_rule
SV-70855

Limiting the number of logon attempts over a certain time interval reduces the chances that an unauthorized user may gain access to an account.

Checks: C-3904r375728_chk

Verify the operating system enforces a delay of at least 4 seconds between logon prompts following a failed logon attempt. If it does not, this is a finding.

Fix: F-3904r375729_fix

Configure the operating system to enforce a delay of at least 4 seconds between logon prompts following a failed logon attempt.

b

The operating system must be configured in accordance with the security configuration settings based on DoD security configuration or implementation guidance, including STIGs, NSA configuration guides, CTOs, and DTMs.

CM-6 - Medium - CCI-000366 - V-203780 - SV-203780r991589_rule

RMF Control

CM-6

Severity

M

CCI

Version

SRG-OS-000480-GPOS-00227

Vuln IDs

V-203780
V-56591

Rule IDs

SV-203780r991589_rule
SV-70851

Configuring the operating system to implement organization-wide security implementation guides and security checklists ensures compliance with federal standards and establishes a common security baseline across DoD that reflects the most restrictive security posture consistent with operational requirements. Configuration settings are the set of parameters that can be changed in hardware, software, or firmware components of the system that affect the security posture and/or functionality of the system. Security-related parameters are those parameters impacting the security state of the system, including the parameters required to satisfy other security control requirements. Security-related parameters include, for example: registry settings; account, file, directory permission settings; and settings for functions, ports, protocols, services, and remote connections.

Checks: C-3905r375731_chk

Verify the operating system is configured in accordance with the security configuration settings based on DoD security configuration or implementation guidance, including STIGs, NSA configuration guides, CTOs, and DTMs. If it is not, this is a finding.

Fix: F-3905r375732_fix

Configure the operating system in accordance with the security configuration settings based on DoD security configuration or implementation guidance, including STIGs, NSA configuration guides, CTOs, and DTMs.

b

The operating system must define default permissions for all authenticated users in such a way that the user can only read and modify their own files.

CM-6 - Medium - CCI-000366 - V-203781 - SV-203781r991590_rule

RMF Control

CM-6

Severity

M

CCI

Version

SRG-OS-000480-GPOS-00228

Vuln IDs

V-203781
V-56589

Rule IDs

SV-203781r991590_rule
SV-70849

Setting the most restrictive default permissions ensures that when new accounts are created they do not have unnecessary access.

Checks: C-3906r375734_chk

Verify the operating system defines default permissions for all authenticated users in such a way that the user can only read and modify their own files. If it does not, this is a finding.

Fix: F-3906r375735_fix

Configure the operating system to define default permissions for all authenticated users in such a way that the user can only read and modify their own files.

c

The operating system must not allow an unattended or automatic logon to the system.

CM-6 - High - CCI-000366 - V-203782 - SV-203782r991591_rule

RMF Control

CM-6

Severity

H

CCI

Version

SRG-OS-000480-GPOS-00229

Vuln IDs

V-203782
V-56587

Rule IDs

SV-203782r991591_rule
SV-70847

Failure to restrict system access to authenticated users negatively impacts operating system security.

Checks: C-3907r375737_chk

If the operating system provides a public access service, such as a kiosk, this is not applicable. Verify the operating system does not allow an unattended or automatic logon to the system. If it does, this is a finding. Automatic logon as an authorized user allows access to any user with physical access to the operating system.

Fix: F-3907r375738_fix

If the operating system provides a public access service, such as a kiosk, this is not applicable. Configure the operating system to not allow an unattended or automatic logon to the system. Automatic logon as an authorized user allows access to any user with physical access to the operating system.

b

The operating system must limit the ability of non-privileged users to grant other users direct access to the contents of their home directories/folders.

CM-6 - Medium - CCI-000366 - V-203783 - SV-203783r991592_rule

RMF Control

CM-6

Severity

M

CCI

Version

SRG-OS-000480-GPOS-00230

Vuln IDs

V-203783
V-56583

Rule IDs

SV-203783r991592_rule
SV-70843

Users' home directories/folders may contain information of a sensitive nature. Non-privileged users should coordinate any sharing of information with an SA through shared resources.

Checks: C-3908r375740_chk

Verify the operating system limits the ability of non-privileged users to grant other users direct access to the contents of their home directories/folders. If it does not, this is a finding.

Fix: F-3908r375741_fix

Configure the operating system to limit the ability of non-privileged users to grant other users direct access to the contents of their home directories/folders.

b

The operating system must enable an application firewall, if available.

CM-6 - Medium - CCI-000366 - V-203784 - SV-203784r991593_rule

RMF Control

CM-6

Severity

M

CCI