General Purpose Operating System SRG

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Vuln ID:
V-56571
Rule ID:
SV-70831r1_rule
Group ID:
SRG-OS-000001-GPOS-00001
Version:
SRG-OS-000001-GPOS-00001
CCI:
CCI-000015
Severity:
Medium
Description:
Enterprise environments make account management challenging and complex. A manual process for account management functions adds the risk of a potential oversight or other errors. A comprehensive account management process that includes automation helps to ensure accounts designated as requiring attention are consistently and promptly addressed. Examples include, but are not limited to, using automation to take action on multiple accounts designated as inactive, suspended or terminated, or by disabling accounts located in non-centralized account stores such as multiple servers. This requirement applies to all account types, including individual/user, shared, group, system, guest/anonymous, emergency, developer/manufacturer/vendor, temporary, and service. The automated mechanisms may reside within the operating system itself or may be offered by other infrastructure providing automated account management capabilities. Automated mechanisms may be composed of differing technologies that, when placed together, contain an overall automated mechanism supporting an organization's automated account management requirements. Account management functions include: assigning group or role membership; identifying account type; specifying user access authorizations (i.e., privileges); account removal, update, or termination; and administrative alerts. The use of automated mechanisms can include, for example: using email or text messaging to automatically notify account managers when users are terminated or transferred; using the information system to monitor account usage; and using automated telephonic notification to report atypical system account usage.
Enterprise environments make account management challenging and complex. A manual process for account management functions adds the risk of a potential oversight or other errors. A comprehensive account management process that includes automation helps to ensure accounts designated as requiring attention are consistently and promptly addressed. Examples include, but are not limited to, using automation to take action on multiple accounts designated as inactive, suspended or terminated, or by disabling accounts located in non-centralized account stores such as multiple servers. This requirement applies to all account types, including individual/user, shared, group, system, guest/anonymous, emergency, developer/manufacturer/vendor, temporary, and service. The automated mechanisms may reside within the operating system itself or may be offered by other infrastructure providing automated account management capabilities. Automated mechanisms may be composed of differing technologies that, when placed together, contain an overall automated mechanism supporting an organization's automated account management requirements. Account management functions include: assigning group or role membership; identifying account type; specifying user access authorizations (i.e., privileges); account removal, update, or termination; and administrative alerts. The use of automated mechanisms can include, for example: using email or text messaging to automatically notify account managers when users are terminated or transferred; using the information system to monitor account usage; and using automated telephonic notification to report atypical system account usage.
Check:
Verify the operating system provides automated mechanisms for supporting account management functions. If it does not, this is a finding.
Verify the operating system provides automated mechanisms for supporting account management functions. If it does not, this is a finding.
Fix:
Configure the operating system to provide automated mechanisms for supporting account management functions.
Configure the operating system to provide automated mechanisms for supporting account management functions.
Vuln ID:
V-56573
Rule ID:
SV-70833r1_rule
Group ID:
SRG-OS-000480-GPOS-00232
Version:
SRG-OS-000480-GPOS-00232
CCI:
CCI-000366
Severity:
Medium
Description:
Firewalls protect computers from network attacks by blocking or limiting access to open network ports. Application firewalls limit which applications are allowed to communicate over the network.
Firewalls protect computers from network attacks by blocking or limiting access to open network ports. Application firewalls limit which applications are allowed to communicate over the network.
Check:
Verify the operating system enabled an application firewall, if available. If it does not, this is a finding. If the operating system does not support an application firewall, this may be downgraded to a CAT III finding.
Verify the operating system enabled an application firewall, if available. If it does not, this is a finding. If the operating system does not support an application firewall, this may be downgraded to a CAT III finding.
Fix:
Ensure the operating system's application firewall is enabled, if available.
Ensure the operating system's application firewall is enabled, if available.
Vuln ID:
V-56575
Rule ID:
SV-70835r1_rule
Group ID:
SRG-OS-000002-GPOS-00002
Version:
SRG-OS-000002-GPOS-00002
CCI:
CCI-000016
Severity:
Medium
Description:
If temporary user accounts remain active when no longer needed or for an excessive period, these accounts may be used to gain unauthorized access. To mitigate this risk, automated termination of all temporary accounts must be set upon account creation. Temporary accounts are established as part of normal account activation procedures when there is a need for short-term accounts without the demand for immediacy in account activation. If temporary accounts are used, the operating system must be configured to automatically terminate these types of accounts after a DoD-defined time period of 72 hours. To address access requirements, many operating systems may be integrated with enterprise-level authentication/access mechanisms that meet or exceed access control policy requirements.
If temporary user accounts remain active when no longer needed or for an excessive period, these accounts may be used to gain unauthorized access. To mitigate this risk, automated termination of all temporary accounts must be set upon account creation. Temporary accounts are established as part of normal account activation procedures when there is a need for short-term accounts without the demand for immediacy in account activation. If temporary accounts are used, the operating system must be configured to automatically terminate these types of accounts after a DoD-defined time period of 72 hours. To address access requirements, many operating systems may be integrated with enterprise-level authentication/access mechanisms that meet or exceed access control policy requirements.
Check:
Verify the operating system automatically removes or disables local temporary user accounts after 72 hours. If it does not, this is a finding.
Verify the operating system automatically removes or disables local temporary user accounts after 72 hours. If it does not, this is a finding.
Fix:
Configure the operating system to automatically remove or disable local temporary user accounts after 72 hours.
Configure the operating system to automatically remove or disable local temporary user accounts after 72 hours.
Vuln ID:
V-56577
Rule ID:
SV-70837r2_rule
Group ID:
SRG-OS-000004-GPOS-00004
Version:
SRG-OS-000004-GPOS-00004
CCI:
CCI-000018
Severity:
Medium
Description:
Once an attacker establishes access to a system, the attacker often attempts to create a persistent method of reestablishing access. One way to accomplish this is for the attacker to create an account. Auditing account creation actions provides logging that can be used for forensic purposes. To address access requirements, many operating systems may be integrated with enterprise level authentication/access/auditing mechanisms that meet or exceed access control policy requirements.
Once an attacker establishes access to a system, the attacker often attempts to create a persistent method of reestablishing access. One way to accomplish this is for the attacker to create an account. Auditing account creation actions provides logging that can be used for forensic purposes. To address access requirements, many operating systems may be integrated with enterprise level authentication/access/auditing mechanisms that meet or exceed access control policy requirements.
Check:
Verify the operating system automatically audits account creation. If it does not, this is a finding.
Verify the operating system automatically audits account creation. If it does not, this is a finding.
Fix:
Configure the operating system to automatically audit account creation.
Configure the operating system to automatically audit account creation.
Vuln ID:
V-56579
Rule ID:
SV-70839r1_rule
Group ID:
SRG-OS-000021-GPOS-00005
Version:
SRG-OS-000021-GPOS-00005
CCI:
CCI-000044
Severity:
Medium
Description:
By limiting the number of failed logon attempts, the risk of unauthorized system access via user password guessing, otherwise known as brute-force attacks, is reduced. Limits are imposed by locking the account.
By limiting the number of failed logon attempts, the risk of unauthorized system access via user password guessing, otherwise known as brute-force attacks, is reduced. Limits are imposed by locking the account.
Check:
Verify that the operating system enforces the limit of three consecutive invalid logon attempts by a user during a 15-minute time period. If it does not, this is a finding.
Verify that the operating system enforces the limit of three consecutive invalid logon attempts by a user during a 15-minute time period. If it does not, this is a finding.
Fix:
Configure the operating system to enforce the limit of three consecutive invalid logon attempts by a user during a 15-minute time period.
Configure the operating system to enforce the limit of three consecutive invalid logon attempts by a user during a 15-minute time period.
Vuln ID:
V-56581
Rule ID:
SV-70841r1_rule
Group ID:
SRG-OS-000480-GPOS-00231
Version:
SRG-OS-000480-GPOS-00231
CCI:
CCI-000366
Severity:
Medium
Description:
Failure to restrict network connectivity only to authorized systems permits inbound connections from malicious systems. It also permits outbound connections that may facilitate exfiltration of DoD data.
Check:
Verify the operating system employs a deny-all, allow-by-exception firewall policy for allowing connections to other systems. If it does not, this is a finding.
Fix:
Configure the operating system to employ a deny-all, allow-by-exception firewall policy for allowing connections to other systems.
Vuln ID:
V-56583
Rule ID:
SV-70843r1_rule
Group ID:
SRG-OS-000480-GPOS-00230
Version:
SRG-OS-000480-GPOS-00230
CCI:
CCI-000366
Severity:
Medium
Description:
Users' home directories/folders may contain information of a sensitive nature. Non-privileged users should coordinate any sharing of information with an SA through shared resources.
Users' home directories/folders may contain information of a sensitive nature. Non-privileged users should coordinate any sharing of information with an SA through shared resources.
Check:
Verify the operating system limits the ability of non-privileged users to grant other users direct access to the contents of their home directories/folders. If it does not, this is a finding.
Verify the operating system limits the ability of non-privileged users to grant other users direct access to the contents of their home directories/folders. If it does not, this is a finding.
Fix:
Configure the operating system to limit the ability of non-privileged users to grant other users direct access to the contents of their home directories/folders.
Configure the operating system to limit the ability of non-privileged users to grant other users direct access to the contents of their home directories/folders.
Vuln ID:
V-56585
Rule ID:
SV-70845r1_rule
Group ID:
SRG-OS-000023-GPOS-00006
Version:
SRG-OS-000023-GPOS-00006
CCI:
CCI-000048
Severity:
Medium
Description:
Display of a standardized and approved use notification before granting access to the operating system ensures privacy and security notification verbiage used is consistent with applicable federal laws, Executive Orders, directives, policies, regulations, standards, and guidance. System use notifications are required only for access via logon interfaces with human users and are not required when such human interfaces do not exist. The banner must be formatted in accordance with applicable DoD policy. Use the following verbiage for operating systems that can accommodate banners of 1300 characters: "You are accessing a U.S. Government (USG) Information System (IS) that is provided for USG-authorized use only. By using this IS (which includes any device attached to this IS), you consent to the following conditions: -The USG routinely intercepts and monitors communications on this IS for purposes including, but not limited to, penetration testing, COMSEC monitoring, network operations and defense, personnel misconduct (PM), law enforcement (LE), and counterintelligence (CI) investigations. -At any time, the USG may inspect and seize data stored on this IS. -Communications using, or data stored on, this IS are not private, are subject to routine monitoring, interception, and search, and may be disclosed or used for any USG-authorized purpose. -This IS includes security measures (e.g., authentication and access controls) to protect USG interests--not for your personal benefit or privacy. -Notwithstanding the above, using this IS does not constitute consent to PM, LE or CI investigative searching or monitoring of the content of privileged communications, or work product, related to personal representation or services by attorneys, psychotherapists, or clergy, and their assistants. Such communications and work product are private and confidential. See User Agreement for details." Use the following verbiage for operating systems that have severe limitations on the number of characters that can be displayed in the banner: "I've read & consent to terms in IS user agreem't."
Display of a standardized and approved use notification before granting access to the operating system ensures privacy and security notification verbiage used is consistent with applicable federal laws, Executive Orders, directives, policies, regulations, standards, and guidance. System use notifications are required only for access via logon interfaces with human users and are not required when such human interfaces do not exist. The banner must be formatted in accordance with applicable DoD policy. Use the following verbiage for operating systems that can accommodate banners of 1300 characters: "You are accessing a U.S. Government (USG) Information System (IS) that is provided for USG-authorized use only. By using this IS (which includes any device attached to this IS), you consent to the following conditions: -The USG routinely intercepts and monitors communications on this IS for purposes including, but not limited to, penetration testing, COMSEC monitoring, network operations and defense, personnel misconduct (PM), law enforcement (LE), and counterintelligence (CI) investigations. -At any time, the USG may inspect and seize data stored on this IS. -Communications using, or data stored on, this IS are not private, are subject to routine monitoring, interception, and search, and may be disclosed or used for any USG-authorized purpose. -This IS includes security measures (e.g., authentication and access controls) to protect USG interests--not for your personal benefit or privacy. -Notwithstanding the above, using this IS does not constitute consent to PM, LE or CI investigative searching or monitoring of the content of privileged communications, or work product, related to personal representation or services by attorneys, psychotherapists, or clergy, and their assistants. Such communications and work product are private and confidential. See User Agreement for details." Use the following verbiage for operating systems that have severe limitations on the number of characters that can be displayed in the banner: "I've read & consent to terms in IS user agreem't."
Check:
Verify the operating system displays the Standard Mandatory DoD Notice and Consent Banner before granting access to the system. The banner must be formatted in accordance with applicable DoD policy. Use the following verbiage for operating systems that can accommodate banners of 1300 characters: "You are accessing a U.S. Government (USG) Information System (IS) that is provided for USG-authorized use only. By using this IS (which includes any device attached to this IS), you consent to the following conditions: -The USG routinely intercepts and monitors communications on this IS for purposes including, but not limited to, penetration testing, COMSEC monitoring, network operations and defense, personnel misconduct (PM), law enforcement (LE), and counterintelligence (CI) investigations. -At any time, the USG may inspect and seize data stored on this IS. -Communications using, or data stored on, this IS are not private, are subject to routine monitoring, interception, and search, and may be disclosed or used for any USG-authorized purpose. -This IS includes security measures (e.g., authentication and access controls) to protect USG interests--not for your personal benefit or privacy. -Notwithstanding the above, using this IS does not constitute consent to PM, LE or CI investigative searching or monitoring of the content of privileged communications, or work product, related to personal representation or services by attorneys, psychotherapists, or clergy, and their assistants. Such communications and work product are private and confidential. See User Agreement for details." Use the following verbiage for operating systems that have severe limitations on the number of characters that can be displayed in the banner: "I've read & consent to terms in IS user agreem't." If it does not, this is a finding.
Verify the operating system displays the Standard Mandatory DoD Notice and Consent Banner before granting access to the system. The banner must be formatted in accordance with applicable DoD policy. Use the following verbiage for operating systems that can accommodate banners of 1300 characters: "You are accessing a U.S. Government (USG) Information System (IS) that is provided for USG-authorized use only. By using this IS (which includes any device attached to this IS), you consent to the following conditions: -The USG routinely intercepts and monitors communications on this IS for purposes including, but not limited to, penetration testing, COMSEC monitoring, network operations and defense, personnel misconduct (PM), law enforcement (LE), and counterintelligence (CI) investigations. -At any time, the USG may inspect and seize data stored on this IS. -Communications using, or data stored on, this IS are not private, are subject to routine monitoring, interception, and search, and may be disclosed or used for any USG-authorized purpose. -This IS includes security measures (e.g., authentication and access controls) to protect USG interests--not for your personal benefit or privacy. -Notwithstanding the above, using this IS does not constitute consent to PM, LE or CI investigative searching or monitoring of the content of privileged communications, or work product, related to personal representation or services by attorneys, psychotherapists, or clergy, and their assistants. Such communications and work product are private and confidential. See User Agreement for details." Use the following verbiage for operating systems that have severe limitations on the number of characters that can be displayed in the banner: "I've read & consent to terms in IS user agreem't." If it does not, this is a finding.
Fix:
Configure the operating system to display the Standard Mandatory DoD Notice and Consent Banner before granting access to the system. The banner must be formatted in accordance with applicable DoD policy. Use the following verbiage for operating systems that can accommodate banners of 1300 characters: "You are accessing a U.S. Government (USG) Information System (IS) that is provided for USG-authorized use only. By using this IS (which includes any device attached to this IS), you consent to the following conditions: -The USG routinely intercepts and monitors communications on this IS for purposes including, but not limited to, penetration testing, COMSEC monitoring, network operations and defense, personnel misconduct (PM), law enforcement (LE), and counterintelligence (CI) investigations. -At any time, the USG may inspect and seize data stored on this IS. -Communications using, or data stored on, this IS are not private, are subject to routine monitoring, interception, and search, and may be disclosed or used for any USG-authorized purpose. -This IS includes security measures (e.g., authentication and access controls) to protect USG interests--not for your personal benefit or privacy. -Notwithstanding the above, using this IS does not constitute consent to PM, LE or CI investigative searching or monitoring of the content of privileged communications, or work product, related to personal representation or services by attorneys, psychotherapists, or clergy, and their assistants. Such communications and work product are private and confidential. See User Agreement for details." Use the following verbiage for operating systems that have severe limitations on the number of characters that can be displayed in the banner: "I've read & consent to terms in IS user agreem't." If it does not, this is a finding.
Configure the operating system to display the Standard Mandatory DoD Notice and Consent Banner before granting access to the system. The banner must be formatted in accordance with applicable DoD policy. Use the following verbiage for operating systems that can accommodate banners of 1300 characters: "You are accessing a U.S. Government (USG) Information System (IS) that is provided for USG-authorized use only. By using this IS (which includes any device attached to this IS), you consent to the following conditions: -The USG routinely intercepts and monitors communications on this IS for purposes including, but not limited to, penetration testing, COMSEC monitoring, network operations and defense, personnel misconduct (PM), law enforcement (LE), and counterintelligence (CI) investigations. -At any time, the USG may inspect and seize data stored on this IS. -Communications using, or data stored on, this IS are not private, are subject to routine monitoring, interception, and search, and may be disclosed or used for any USG-authorized purpose. -This IS includes security measures (e.g., authentication and access controls) to protect USG interests--not for your personal benefit or privacy. -Notwithstanding the above, using this IS does not constitute consent to PM, LE or CI investigative searching or monitoring of the content of privileged communications, or work product, related to personal representation or services by attorneys, psychotherapists, or clergy, and their assistants. Such communications and work product are private and confidential. See User Agreement for details." Use the following verbiage for operating systems that have severe limitations on the number of characters that can be displayed in the banner: "I've read & consent to terms in IS user agreem't." If it does not, this is a finding.
Vuln ID:
V-56587
Rule ID:
SV-70847r1_rule
Group ID:
SRG-OS-000480-GPOS-00229
Version:
SRG-OS-000480-GPOS-00229
CCI:
CCI-000366
Severity:
Medium
Description:
Failure to restrict system access to authenticated users negatively impacts operating system security.
Failure to restrict system access to authenticated users negatively impacts operating system security.
Check:
If the operating system provides a public access service, such as a kiosk, this is not applicable. Verify the operating system does not allow an unattended or automatic logon to the system. If it does, this is a finding. Automatic logon as an authorized user allows access to any user with physical access to the operating system.
If the operating system provides a public access service, such as a kiosk, this is not applicable. Verify the operating system does not allow an unattended or automatic logon to the system. If it does, this is a finding. Automatic logon as an authorized user allows access to any user with physical access to the operating system.
Fix:
If the operating system provides a public access service, such as a kiosk, this is not applicable. Configure the operating system to not allow an unattended or automatic logon to the system. Automatic logon as an authorized user allows access to any user with physical access to the operating system.
If the operating system provides a public access service, such as a kiosk, this is not applicable. Configure the operating system to not allow an unattended or automatic logon to the system. Automatic logon as an authorized user allows access to any user with physical access to the operating system.
Vuln ID:
V-56589
Rule ID:
SV-70849r1_rule
Group ID:
SRG-OS-000480-GPOS-00228
Version:
SRG-OS-000480-GPOS-00228
CCI:
CCI-000366
Severity:
Medium
Description:
Setting the most restrictive default permissions ensures that when new accounts are created they do not have unnecessary access.
Setting the most restrictive default permissions ensures that when new accounts are created they do not have unnecessary access.
Check:
Verify the operating system defines default permissions for all authenticated users in such a way that the user can only read and modify their own files. If it does not, this is a finding.
Verify the operating system defines default permissions for all authenticated users in such a way that the user can only read and modify their own files. If it does not, this is a finding.
Fix:
Configure the operating system to define default permissions for all authenticated users in such a way that the user can only read and modify their own files.
Configure the operating system to define default permissions for all authenticated users in such a way that the user can only read and modify their own files.
Vuln ID:
V-56591
Rule ID:
SV-70851r1_rule
Group ID:
SRG-OS-000480-GPOS-00227
Version:
SRG-OS-000480-GPOS-00227
CCI:
CCI-000366
Severity:
Medium
Description:
Configuring the operating system to implement organization-wide security implementation guides and security checklists ensures compliance with federal standards and establishes a common security baseline across DoD that reflects the most restrictive security posture consistent with operational requirements. Configuration settings are the set of parameters that can be changed in hardware, software, or firmware components of the system that affect the security posture and/or functionality of the system. Security-related parameters are those parameters impacting the security state of the system, including the parameters required to satisfy other security control requirements. Security-related parameters include, for example: registry settings; account, file, directory permission settings; and settings for functions, ports, protocols, services, and remote connections.
Configuring the operating system to implement organization-wide security implementation guides and security checklists ensures compliance with federal standards and establishes a common security baseline across DoD that reflects the most restrictive security posture consistent with operational requirements. Configuration settings are the set of parameters that can be changed in hardware, software, or firmware components of the system that affect the security posture and/or functionality of the system. Security-related parameters are those parameters impacting the security state of the system, including the parameters required to satisfy other security control requirements. Security-related parameters include, for example: registry settings; account, file, directory permission settings; and settings for functions, ports, protocols, services, and remote connections.
Check:
Verify the operating system is configured in accordance with the security configuration settings based on DoD security configuration or implementation guidance, including STIGs, NSA configuration guides, CTOs, and DTMs. If it is not, this is a finding.
Verify the operating system is configured in accordance with the security configuration settings based on DoD security configuration or implementation guidance, including STIGs, NSA configuration guides, CTOs, and DTMs. If it is not, this is a finding.
Fix:
Configure the operating system in accordance with the security configuration settings based on DoD security configuration or implementation guidance, including STIGs, NSA configuration guides, CTOs, and DTMs.
Configure the operating system in accordance with the security configuration settings based on DoD security configuration or implementation guidance, including STIGs, NSA configuration guides, CTOs, and DTMs.
Vuln ID:
V-56593
Rule ID:
SV-70853r1_rule
Group ID:
SRG-OS-000024-GPOS-00007
Version:
SRG-OS-000024-GPOS-00007
CCI:
CCI-000050
Severity:
Medium
Description:
The banner must be acknowledged by the user prior to allowing the user access to the operating system. This provides assurance that the user has seen the message and accepted the conditions for access. If the consent banner is not acknowledged by the user, DoD will not be in compliance with system use notifications required by law. To establish acceptance of the application usage policy, a click-through banner at system logon is required. The system must prevent further activity until the user executes a positive action to manifest agreement by clicking on a box indicating "OK".
The banner must be acknowledged by the user prior to allowing the user access to the operating system. This provides assurance that the user has seen the message and accepted the conditions for access. If the consent banner is not acknowledged by the user, DoD will not be in compliance with system use notifications required by law. To establish acceptance of the application usage policy, a click-through banner at system logon is required. The system must prevent further activity until the user executes a positive action to manifest agreement by clicking on a box indicating "OK".
Check:
Verify the operating system displays the Standard Mandatory DoD Notice and Consent Banner until users acknowledge the usage conditions and take explicit actions to log on for further access. If it does not, this is a finding.
Verify the operating system displays the Standard Mandatory DoD Notice and Consent Banner until users acknowledge the usage conditions and take explicit actions to log on for further access. If it does not, this is a finding.
Fix:
Configure the operating system to display the Standard Mandatory DoD Notice and Consent Banner until users acknowledge the usage conditions and take explicit actions to log on for further access.
Configure the operating system to display the Standard Mandatory DoD Notice and Consent Banner until users acknowledge the usage conditions and take explicit actions to log on for further access.
Vuln ID:
V-56595
Rule ID:
SV-70855r1_rule
Group ID:
SRG-OS-000480-GPOS-00226
Version:
SRG-OS-000480-GPOS-00226
CCI:
CCI-000366
Severity:
Medium
Description:
Limiting the number of logon attempts over a certain time interval reduces the chances that an unauthorized user may gain access to an account.
Limiting the number of logon attempts over a certain time interval reduces the chances that an unauthorized user may gain access to an account.
Check:
Verify the operating system enforces a delay of at least 4 seconds between logon prompts following a failed logon attempt. If it does not, this is a finding.
Verify the operating system enforces a delay of at least 4 seconds between logon prompts following a failed logon attempt. If it does not, this is a finding.
Fix:
Configure the operating system to enforce a delay of at least 4 seconds between logon prompts following a failed logon attempt.
Configure the operating system to enforce a delay of at least 4 seconds between logon prompts following a failed logon attempt.
Vuln ID:
V-56597
Rule ID:
SV-70857r1_rule
Group ID:
SRG-OS-000480-GPOS-00225
Version:
SRG-OS-000480-GPOS-00225
CCI:
CCI-000366
Severity:
Medium
Description:
If the operating system allows the user to select passwords based on dictionary words, then this increases the chances of password compromise by increasing the opportunity for successful guesses and brute-force attacks.
If the operating system allows the user to select passwords based on dictionary words, then this increases the chances of password compromise by increasing the opportunity for successful guesses and brute-force attacks.
Check:
Verify the operating system prevents the use of dictionary words for passwords. If it does not, this is a finding.
Verify the operating system prevents the use of dictionary words for passwords. If it does not, this is a finding.
Fix:
Configure the operating system to prevent the use of dictionary words for passwords.
Configure the operating system to prevent the use of dictionary words for passwords.
Vuln ID:
V-56599
Rule ID:
SV-70859r1_rule
Group ID:
SRG-OS-000479-GPOS-00224
Version:
SRG-OS-000479-GPOS-00224
CCI:
CCI-001851
Severity:
Medium
Description:
Information stored in one location is vulnerable to accidental or incidental deletion or alteration. Off-loading is a common process in information systems with limited audit storage capacity.
Information stored in one location is vulnerable to accidental or incidental deletion or alteration. Off-loading is a common process in information systems with limited audit storage capacity.
Check:
Verify the operating system, at a minimum, off-loads interconnected systems in real time and off-loads standalone systems weekly. If it does not, this is a finding.
Verify the operating system, at a minimum, off-loads interconnected systems in real time and off-loads standalone systems weekly. If it does not, this is a finding.
Fix:
Configure the operating system to, at a minimum, off-load interconnected systems in real time and off-load standalone systems weekly.
Configure the operating system to, at a minimum, off-load interconnected systems in real time and off-load standalone systems weekly.
Vuln ID:
V-56601
Rule ID:
SV-70861r1_rule
Group ID:
SRG-OS-000478-GPOS-00223
Version:
SRG-OS-000478-GPOS-00223
CCI:
CCI-002450
Severity:
Medium
Description:
Use of weak or untested encryption algorithms undermines the purposes of utilizing encryption to protect data. The operating system must implement cryptographic modules adhering to the higher standards approved by the federal government since this provides assurance they have been tested and validated.
Use of weak or untested encryption algorithms undermines the purposes of utilizing encryption to protect data. The operating system must implement cryptographic modules adhering to the higher standards approved by the federal government since this provides assurance they have been tested and validated.
Check:
Verify the operating system implements NIST FIPS-validated cryptography for the following: to provision digital signatures, to generate cryptographic hashes, and to protect unclassified information requiring confidentiality and cryptographic protection in accordance with applicable federal laws, Executive Orders, directives, policies, regulations, and standards. If it does not, this is a finding.
Verify the operating system implements NIST FIPS-validated cryptography for the following: to provision digital signatures, to generate cryptographic hashes, and to protect unclassified information requiring confidentiality and cryptographic protection in accordance with applicable federal laws, Executive Orders, directives, policies, regulations, and standards. If it does not, this is a finding.
Fix:
Configure the operating system to implement NIST FIPS-validated cryptography for the following: to provision digital signatures, to generate cryptographic hashes, and to protect unclassified information requiring confidentiality and cryptographic protection in accordance with applicable federal laws, Executive Orders, directives, policies, regulations, and standards.
Configure the operating system to implement NIST FIPS-validated cryptography for the following: to provision digital signatures, to generate cryptographic hashes, and to protect unclassified information requiring confidentiality and cryptographic protection in accordance with applicable federal laws, Executive Orders, directives, policies, regulations, and standards.
Vuln ID:
V-56603
Rule ID:
SV-70863r1_rule
Group ID:
SRG-OS-000477-GPOS-00222
Version:
SRG-OS-000477-GPOS-00222
CCI:
CCI-000172
Severity:
Medium
Description:
Without generating audit records that are specific to the security and mission needs of the organization, it would be difficult to establish, correlate, and investigate the events relating to an incident or identify those responsible for one. Audit records can be generated from various components within the information system (e.g., module or policy filter).
Without generating audit records that are specific to the security and mission needs of the organization, it would be difficult to establish, correlate, and investigate the events relating to an incident or identify those responsible for one. Audit records can be generated from various components within the information system (e.g., module or policy filter).
Check:
Verify the operating system generates audit records for all kernel module load, unload, and restart actions, and also for all program initiations. If it does not, this is a finding.
Verify the operating system generates audit records for all kernel module load, unload, and restart actions, and also for all program initiations. If it does not, this is a finding.
Fix:
Configure the operating system to generate audit records for all kernel module load, unload, and restart actions, and also for all program initiations.
Configure the operating system to generate audit records for all kernel module load, unload, and restart actions, and also for all program initiations.
Vuln ID:
V-56605
Rule ID:
SV-70865r1_rule
Group ID:
SRG-OS-000476-GPOS-00221
Version:
SRG-OS-000476-GPOS-00221
CCI:
CCI-000172
Severity:
Medium
Description:
Without generating audit records that are specific to the security and mission needs of the organization, it would be difficult to establish, correlate, and investigate the events relating to an incident or identify those responsible for one. Audit records can be generated from various components within the information system (e.g., module or policy filter).
Without generating audit records that are specific to the security and mission needs of the organization, it would be difficult to establish, correlate, and investigate the events relating to an incident or identify those responsible for one. Audit records can be generated from various components within the information system (e.g., module or policy filter).
Check:
Verify the operating system generates audit records for all account creations, modifications, disabling, and termination events. If it does not, this is a finding.
Verify the operating system generates audit records for all account creations, modifications, disabling, and termination events. If it does not, this is a finding.
Fix:
Configure the operating system to generate audit records for all account creations, modifications, disabling, and termination events.
Configure the operating system to generate audit records for all account creations, modifications, disabling, and termination events.
Vuln ID:
V-56607
Rule ID:
SV-70867r1_rule
Group ID:
SRG-OS-000475-GPOS-00220
Version:
SRG-OS-000475-GPOS-00220
CCI:
CCI-000172
Severity:
Medium
Description:
Without generating audit records that are specific to the security and mission needs of the organization, it would be difficult to establish, correlate, and investigate the events relating to an incident or identify those responsible for one. Audit records can be generated from various components within the information system (e.g., module or policy filter).
Without generating audit records that are specific to the security and mission needs of the organization, it would be difficult to establish, correlate, and investigate the events relating to an incident or identify those responsible for one. Audit records can be generated from various components within the information system (e.g., module or policy filter).
Check:
Verify the operating system generates audit records for all direct access to the information system. If it does not, this is a finding.
Verify the operating system generates audit records for all direct access to the information system. If it does not, this is a finding.
Fix:
Configure the operating system to generate audit records for all direct access to the information system.
Configure the operating system to generate audit records for all direct access to the information system.
Vuln ID:
V-56609
Rule ID:
SV-70869r1_rule
Group ID:
SRG-OS-000474-GPOS-00219
Version:
SRG-OS-000474-GPOS-00219
CCI:
CCI-000172
Severity:
Medium
Description:
Without generating audit records that are specific to the security and mission needs of the organization, it would be difficult to establish, correlate, and investigate the events relating to an incident or identify those responsible for one. Audit records can be generated from various components within the information system (e.g., module or policy filter).
Without generating audit records that are specific to the security and mission needs of the organization, it would be difficult to establish, correlate, and investigate the events relating to an incident or identify those responsible for one. Audit records can be generated from various components within the information system (e.g., module or policy filter).
Check:
Verify the operating system generates audit records when successful/unsuccessful accesses to objects occur. If it does not, this is a finding.
Verify the operating system generates audit records when successful/unsuccessful accesses to objects occur. If it does not, this is a finding.
Fix:
Configure the operating system to generate audit records when successful/unsuccessful accesses to objects occur.
Configure the operating system to generate audit records when successful/unsuccessful accesses to objects occur.
Vuln ID:
V-56611
Rule ID:
SV-70871r1_rule
Group ID:
SRG-OS-000473-GPOS-00218
Version:
SRG-OS-000473-GPOS-00218
CCI:
CCI-000172
Severity:
Medium
Description:
Without generating audit records that are specific to the security and mission needs of the organization, it would be difficult to establish, correlate, and investigate the events relating to an incident or identify those responsible for one. Audit records can be generated from various components within the information system (e.g., module or policy filter).
Without generating audit records that are specific to the security and mission needs of the organization, it would be difficult to establish, correlate, and investigate the events relating to an incident or identify those responsible for one. Audit records can be generated from various components within the information system (e.g., module or policy filter).
Check:
Verify the operating system generates audit records when concurrent logons to the same account occur from different sources. If it does not, this is a finding.
Verify the operating system generates audit records when concurrent logons to the same account occur from different sources. If it does not, this is a finding.
Fix:
Configure the operating system to generate audit records when concurrent logons to the same account occur from different sources.
Configure the operating system to generate audit records when concurrent logons to the same account occur from different sources.
Vuln ID:
V-56613
Rule ID:
SV-70873r1_rule
Group ID:
SRG-OS-000472-GPOS-00217
Version:
SRG-OS-000472-GPOS-00217
CCI:
CCI-000172
Severity:
Medium
Description:
Without generating audit records that are specific to the security and mission needs of the organization, it would be difficult to establish, correlate, and investigate the events relating to an incident or identify those responsible for one. Audit records can be generated from various components within the information system (e.g., module or policy filter).
Without generating audit records that are specific to the security and mission needs of the organization, it would be difficult to establish, correlate, and investigate the events relating to an incident or identify those responsible for one. Audit records can be generated from various components within the information system (e.g., module or policy filter).
Check:
Verify the operating system generates audit records showing starting and ending time for user access to the system. If it does not, this is a finding.
Verify the operating system generates audit records showing starting and ending time for user access to the system. If it does not, this is a finding.
Fix:
Configure the operating system to generate audit records showing starting and ending time for user access to the system.
Configure the operating system to generate audit records showing starting and ending time for user access to the system.
Vuln ID:
V-56615
Rule ID:
SV-70875r1_rule
Group ID:
SRG-OS-000471-GPOS-00216
Version:
SRG-OS-000471-GPOS-00216
CCI:
CCI-000172
Severity:
Medium
Description:
Without generating audit records that are specific to the security and mission needs of the organization, it would be difficult to establish, correlate, and investigate the events relating to an incident or identify those responsible for one. Audit records can be generated from various components within the information system (e.g., module or policy filter).
Without generating audit records that are specific to the security and mission needs of the organization, it would be difficult to establish, correlate, and investigate the events relating to an incident or identify those responsible for one. Audit records can be generated from various components within the information system (e.g., module or policy filter).
Check:
Verify the audit system is configured to audit the loading and unloading of dynamic kernel modules. If it does not, this is a finding.
Verify the audit system is configured to audit the loading and unloading of dynamic kernel modules. If it does not, this is a finding.
Fix:
Configure the audit system to audit the loading and unloading of dynamic kernel modules.
Configure the audit system to audit the loading and unloading of dynamic kernel modules.
Vuln ID:
V-56617
Rule ID:
SV-70877r1_rule
Group ID:
SRG-OS-000471-GPOS-00215
Version:
SRG-OS-000471-GPOS-00215
CCI:
CCI-000172
Severity:
Medium
Description:
Without generating audit records that are specific to the security and mission needs of the organization, it would be difficult to establish, correlate, and investigate the events relating to an incident or identify those responsible for one. Audit records can be generated from various components within the information system (e.g., module or policy filter).
Without generating audit records that are specific to the security and mission needs of the organization, it would be difficult to establish, correlate, and investigate the events relating to an incident or identify those responsible for one. Audit records can be generated from various components within the information system (e.g., module or policy filter).
Check:
Verify the operating system generates audit records for privileged activities or other system-level access. If it does not, this is a finding.
Verify the operating system generates audit records for privileged activities or other system-level access. If it does not, this is a finding.
Fix:
Configure the operating system to generate audit records for privileged activities or other system-level access.
Configure the operating system to generate audit records for privileged activities or other system-level access.
Vuln ID:
V-56619
Rule ID:
SV-70879r1_rule
Group ID:
SRG-OS-000470-GPOS-00214
Version:
SRG-OS-000470-GPOS-00214
CCI:
CCI-000172
Severity:
Medium
Description:
Without generating audit records that are specific to the security and mission needs of the organization, it would be difficult to establish, correlate, and investigate the events relating to an incident or identify those responsible for one. Audit records can be generated from various components within the information system (e.g., module or policy filter).
Without generating audit records that are specific to the security and mission needs of the organization, it would be difficult to establish, correlate, and investigate the events relating to an incident or identify those responsible for one. Audit records can be generated from various components within the information system (e.g., module or policy filter).
Check:
Verify the operating system generates audit records when successful/unsuccessful logon attempts occur. If it does not, this is a finding.
Verify the operating system generates audit records when successful/unsuccessful logon attempts occur. If it does not, this is a finding.
Fix:
Configure the operating system to generate audit records when successful/unsuccessful logon attempts occur.
Configure the operating system to generate audit records when successful/unsuccessful logon attempts occur.
Vuln ID:
V-56621
Rule ID:
SV-70881r1_rule
Group ID:
SRG-OS-000468-GPOS-00212
Version:
SRG-OS-000468-GPOS-00212
CCI:
CCI-000172
Severity:
Medium
Description:
Without generating audit records that are specific to the security and mission needs of the organization, it would be difficult to establish, correlate, and investigate the events relating to an incident or identify those responsible for one. Audit records can be generated from various components within the information system (e.g., module or policy filter).
Without generating audit records that are specific to the security and mission needs of the organization, it would be difficult to establish, correlate, and investigate the events relating to an incident or identify those responsible for one. Audit records can be generated from various components within the information system (e.g., module or policy filter).
Check:
Verify the operating system generates audit records when successful/unsuccessful attempts to delete security objects occur. If it does not, this is a finding.
Verify the operating system generates audit records when successful/unsuccessful attempts to delete security objects occur. If it does not, this is a finding.
Fix:
Configure the operating system to generate audit records when successful/unsuccessful attempts to delete security objects occur.
Configure the operating system to generate audit records when successful/unsuccessful attempts to delete security objects occur.
Vuln ID:
V-56623
Rule ID:
SV-70883r1_rule
Group ID:
SRG-OS-000467-GPOS-00211
Version:
SRG-OS-000467-GPOS-00211
CCI:
CCI-000172
Severity:
Medium
Description:
Without generating audit records that are specific to the security and mission needs of the organization, it would be difficult to establish, correlate, and investigate the events relating to an incident or identify those responsible for one. Audit records can be generated from various components within the information system (e.g., module or policy filter).
Without generating audit records that are specific to the security and mission needs of the organization, it would be difficult to establish, correlate, and investigate the events relating to an incident or identify those responsible for one. Audit records can be generated from various components within the information system (e.g., module or policy filter).
Check:
Verify the operating system generates audit records when successful/unsuccessful attempts to delete security levels occur. If it does not, this is a finding.
Verify the operating system generates audit records when successful/unsuccessful attempts to delete security levels occur. If it does not, this is a finding.
Fix:
Configure the operating system to generate audit records when successful/unsuccessful attempts to delete security levels occur.
Configure the operating system to generate audit records when successful/unsuccessful attempts to delete security levels occur.
Vuln ID:
V-56625
Rule ID:
SV-70885r1_rule
Group ID:
SRG-OS-000466-GPOS-00210
Version:
SRG-OS-000466-GPOS-00210
CCI:
CCI-000172
Severity:
Medium
Description:
Without generating audit records that are specific to the security and mission needs of the organization, it would be difficult to establish, correlate, and investigate the events relating to an incident or identify those responsible for one. Audit records can be generated from various components within the information system (e.g., module or policy filter).
Without generating audit records that are specific to the security and mission needs of the organization, it would be difficult to establish, correlate, and investigate the events relating to an incident or identify those responsible for one. Audit records can be generated from various components within the information system (e.g., module or policy filter).
Check:
Verify the operating system generates audit records when successful/unsuccessful attempts to delete privileges occur. If it does not, this is a finding.
Verify the operating system generates audit records when successful/unsuccessful attempts to delete privileges occur. If it does not, this is a finding.
Fix:
Configure the operating system to generate audit records when successful/unsuccessful attempts to delete privileges occur.
Configure the operating system to generate audit records when successful/unsuccessful attempts to delete privileges occur.
Vuln ID:
V-56627
Rule ID:
SV-70887r1_rule
Group ID:
SRG-OS-000465-GPOS-00209
Version:
SRG-OS-000465-GPOS-00209
CCI:
CCI-000172
Severity:
Medium
Description:
Without generating audit records that are specific to the security and mission needs of the organization, it would be difficult to establish, correlate, and investigate the events relating to an incident or identify those responsible for one. Audit records can be generated from various components within the information system (e.g., module or policy filter).
Without generating audit records that are specific to the security and mission needs of the organization, it would be difficult to establish, correlate, and investigate the events relating to an incident or identify those responsible for one. Audit records can be generated from various components within the information system (e.g., module or policy filter).
Check:
Verify the operating system generates audit records when successful/unsuccessful attempts to modify categories of information (e.g., classification levels) occur. If it does not, this is a finding.
Verify the operating system generates audit records when successful/unsuccessful attempts to modify categories of information (e.g., classification levels) occur. If it does not, this is a finding.
Fix:
Configure the operating system to generate audit records when successful/unsuccessful attempts to modify categories of information (e.g., classification levels) occur.
Configure the operating system to generate audit records when successful/unsuccessful attempts to modify categories of information (e.g., classification levels) occur.
Vuln ID:
V-56629
Rule ID:
SV-70889r1_rule
Group ID:
SRG-OS-000027-GPOS-00008
Version:
SRG-OS-000027-GPOS-00008
CCI:
CCI-000054
Severity:
Medium
Description:
Operating system management includes the ability to control the number of users and user sessions that utilize an operating system. Limiting the number of allowed users and sessions per user is helpful in reducing the risks related to DoS attacks. This requirement addresses concurrent sessions for information system accounts and does not address concurrent sessions by single users via multiple system accounts. The maximum number of concurrent sessions should be defined based upon mission needs and the operational environment for each system.
Operating system management includes the ability to control the number of users and user sessions that utilize an operating system. Limiting the number of allowed users and sessions per user is helpful in reducing the risks related to DoS attacks. This requirement addresses concurrent sessions for information system accounts and does not address concurrent sessions by single users via multiple system accounts. The maximum number of concurrent sessions should be defined based upon mission needs and the operational environment for each system.
Check:
Verify the operating system limits the number of concurrent sessions to ten for all accounts and/or account types. If it does not, this is a finding.
Verify the operating system limits the number of concurrent sessions to ten for all accounts and/or account types. If it does not, this is a finding.
Fix:
Configure the operating system to limit the number of concurrent sessions to ten for all accounts and/or account types.
Configure the operating system to limit the number of concurrent sessions to ten for all accounts and/or account types.
Vuln ID:
V-56631
Rule ID:
SV-70891r1_rule
Group ID:
SRG-OS-000028-GPOS-00009
Version:
SRG-OS-000028-GPOS-00009
CCI:
CCI-000056
Severity:
Medium
Description:
A session lock is a temporary action taken when a user stops work and moves away from the immediate physical vicinity of the information system but does not want to log out because of the temporary nature of the absence. The session lock is implemented at the point where session activity can be determined. Regardless of where the session lock is determined and implemented, once invoked, the session lock shall remain in place until the user re-authenticates. No other activity aside from re-authentication shall unlock the system.
A session lock is a temporary action taken when a user stops work and moves away from the immediate physical vicinity of the information system but does not want to log out because of the temporary nature of the absence. The session lock is implemented at the point where session activity can be determined. Regardless of where the session lock is determined and implemented, once invoked, the session lock shall remain in place until the user re-authenticates. No other activity aside from re-authentication shall unlock the system.
Check:
Verify the operating system retains a user's session lock until that user reestablishes access using established identification and authentication procedures. If it does not, this is a finding.
Verify the operating system retains a user's session lock until that user reestablishes access using established identification and authentication procedures. If it does not, this is a finding.
Fix:
Configure the operating system to retain a user's session lock until that user reestablishes access using established identification and authentication procedures.
Configure the operating system to retain a user's session lock until that user reestablishes access using established identification and authentication procedures.
Vuln ID:
V-56633
Rule ID:
SV-70893r1_rule
Group ID:
SRG-OS-000029-GPOS-00010
Version:
SRG-OS-000029-GPOS-00010
CCI:
CCI-000057
Severity:
Medium
Description:
A session time-out lock is a temporary action taken when a user stops work and moves away from the immediate physical vicinity of the information system but does not log out because of the temporary nature of the absence. Rather than relying on the user to manually lock their operating system session prior to vacating the vicinity, operating systems need to be able to identify when a user's session has idled and take action to initiate the session lock. The session lock is implemented at the point where session activity can be determined and/or controlled.
A session time-out lock is a temporary action taken when a user stops work and moves away from the immediate physical vicinity of the information system but does not log out because of the temporary nature of the absence. Rather than relying on the user to manually lock their operating system session prior to vacating the vicinity, operating systems need to be able to identify when a user's session has idled and take action to initiate the session lock. The session lock is implemented at the point where session activity can be determined and/or controlled.
Check:
Verify the operating system initiates a session lock after a 15-minute period of inactivity for all connection types. If it does not, this is a finding.
Verify the operating system initiates a session lock after a 15-minute period of inactivity for all connection types. If it does not, this is a finding.
Fix:
Configure the operating system to initiate a session lock after a 15-minute period of inactivity for all connection types.
Configure the operating system to initiate a session lock after a 15-minute period of inactivity for all connection types.
Vuln ID:
V-56635
Rule ID:
SV-70895r1_rule
Group ID:
SRG-OS-000030-GPOS-00011
Version:
SRG-OS-000030-GPOS-00011
CCI:
CCI-000058
Severity:
Medium
Description:
A session lock is a temporary action taken when a user stops work and moves away from the immediate physical vicinity of the information system but does not want to log out because of the temporary nature of the absence. The session lock is implemented at the point where session activity can be determined. Rather than be forced to wait for a period of time to expire before the user session can be locked, operating systems need to provide users with the ability to manually invoke a session lock so users may secure their session should the need arise for them to temporarily vacate the immediate physical vicinity.
A session lock is a temporary action taken when a user stops work and moves away from the immediate physical vicinity of the information system but does not want to log out because of the temporary nature of the absence. The session lock is implemented at the point where session activity can be determined. Rather than be forced to wait for a period of time to expire before the user session can be locked, operating systems need to provide users with the ability to manually invoke a session lock so users may secure their session should the need arise for them to temporarily vacate the immediate physical vicinity.
Check:
Verify the operating system provides the capability for users to directly initiate a session lock for all connection types. If it does not, this is a finding.
Verify the operating system provides the capability for users to directly initiate a session lock for all connection types. If it does not, this is a finding.
Fix:
Configure the operating system to provide the capability for users to directly initiate a session lock for all connection types.
Configure the operating system to provide the capability for users to directly initiate a session lock for all connection types.
Vuln ID:
V-56637
Rule ID:
SV-70897r1_rule
Group ID:
SRG-OS-000031-GPOS-00012
Version:
SRG-OS-000031-GPOS-00012
CCI:
CCI-000060
Severity:
Medium
Description:
A session lock is a temporary action taken when a user stops work and moves away from the immediate physical vicinity of the information system but does not log out because of the temporary nature of the absence. The session lock is implemented at the point where session activity can be determined. The operating system session lock event must include an obfuscation of the display screen so as to prevent other users from reading what was previously displayed. Publicly viewable images can include static or dynamic images, for example, patterns used with screen savers, photographic images, solid colors, a clock, a battery life indicator, or a blank screen, with the additional caveat that none of the images convey sensitive information.
A session lock is a temporary action taken when a user stops work and moves away from the immediate physical vicinity of the information system but does not log out because of the temporary nature of the absence. The session lock is implemented at the point where session activity can be determined. The operating system session lock event must include an obfuscation of the display screen so as to prevent other users from reading what was previously displayed. Publicly viewable images can include static or dynamic images, for example, patterns used with screen savers, photographic images, solid colors, a clock, a battery life indicator, or a blank screen, with the additional caveat that none of the images convey sensitive information.
Check:
Verify the operating system conceals, via the session lock, information previously visible on the display with a publicly viewable image. If it does not, this is a finding.
Verify the operating system conceals, via the session lock, information previously visible on the display with a publicly viewable image. If it does not, this is a finding.
Fix:
Configure the operating system to conceal, via the session lock, information previously visible on the display with a publicly viewable image.
Configure the operating system to conceal, via the session lock, information previously visible on the display with a publicly viewable image.
Vuln ID:
V-56639
Rule ID:
SV-70899r1_rule
Group ID:
SRG-OS-000032-GPOS-00013
Version:
SRG-OS-000032-GPOS-00013
CCI:
CCI-000067
Severity:
Medium
Description:
Remote access services, such as those providing remote access to network devices and information systems, which lack automated monitoring capabilities, increase risk and make remote user access management difficult at best. Remote access is access to DoD nonpublic information systems by an authorized user (or an information system) communicating through an external, non-organization-controlled network. Remote access methods include, for example, dial-up, broadband, and wireless. Automated monitoring of remote access sessions allows organizations to detect cyber attacks and also ensure ongoing compliance with remote access policies by auditing connection activities of remote access capabilities, such as Remote Desktop Protocol (RDP), on a variety of information system components (e.g., servers, workstations, notebook computers, smartphones, and tablets).
Remote access services, such as those providing remote access to network devices and information systems, which lack automated monitoring capabilities, increase risk and make remote user access management difficult at best. Remote access is access to DoD nonpublic information systems by an authorized user (or an information system) communicating through an external, non-organization-controlled network. Remote access methods include, for example, dial-up, broadband, and wireless. Automated monitoring of remote access sessions allows organizations to detect cyber attacks and also ensure ongoing compliance with remote access policies by auditing connection activities of remote access capabilities, such as Remote Desktop Protocol (RDP), on a variety of information system components (e.g., servers, workstations, notebook computers, smartphones, and tablets).
Check:
Verify the operating system monitors remote access methods. If it does not, this is a finding.
Verify the operating system monitors remote access methods. If it does not, this is a finding.
Fix:
Configure the operating system to monitor remote access methods.
Configure the operating system to monitor remote access methods.
Vuln ID:
V-56641
Rule ID:
SV-70901r1_rule
Group ID:
SRG-OS-000033-GPOS-00014
Version:
SRG-OS-000033-GPOS-00014
CCI:
CCI-000068
Severity:
Medium
Description:
Without confidentiality protection mechanisms, unauthorized individuals may gain access to sensitive information via a remote access session. Remote access is access to DoD nonpublic information systems by an authorized user (or an information system) communicating through an external, non-organization-controlled network. Remote access methods include, for example, dial-up, broadband, and wireless. Encryption provides a means to secure the remote connection to prevent unauthorized access to the data traversing the remote access connection (e.g., RDP), thereby providing a degree of confidentiality. The encryption strength of a mechanism is selected based on the security categorization of the information.
Without confidentiality protection mechanisms, unauthorized individuals may gain access to sensitive information via a remote access session. Remote access is access to DoD nonpublic information systems by an authorized user (or an information system) communicating through an external, non-organization-controlled network. Remote access methods include, for example, dial-up, broadband, and wireless. Encryption provides a means to secure the remote connection to prevent unauthorized access to the data traversing the remote access connection (e.g., RDP), thereby providing a degree of confidentiality. The encryption strength of a mechanism is selected based on the security categorization of the information.
Check:
Verify the operating system implements DoD-approved encryption to protect the confidentiality of remote access sessions. If it does not, this is a finding.
Verify the operating system implements DoD-approved encryption to protect the confidentiality of remote access sessions. If it does not, this is a finding.
Fix:
Configure the operating system to implement DoD-approved encryption to protect the confidentiality of remote access sessions.
Configure the operating system to implement DoD-approved encryption to protect the confidentiality of remote access sessions.
Vuln ID:
V-56643
Rule ID:
SV-70903r1_rule
Group ID:
SRG-OS-000463-GPOS-00207
Version:
SRG-OS-000463-GPOS-00207
CCI:
CCI-000172
Severity:
Medium
Description:
Without generating audit records that are specific to the security and mission needs of the organization, it would be difficult to establish, correlate, and investigate the events relating to an incident or identify those responsible for one. Audit records can be generated from various components within the information system (e.g., module or policy filter).
Without generating audit records that are specific to the security and mission needs of the organization, it would be difficult to establish, correlate, and investigate the events relating to an incident or identify those responsible for one. Audit records can be generated from various components within the information system (e.g., module or policy filter).
Check:
Verify the operating system generates audit records when successful/unsuccessful attempts to modify security objects occur. If it does not, this is a finding.
Verify the operating system generates audit records when successful/unsuccessful attempts to modify security objects occur. If it does not, this is a finding.
Fix:
Configure the operating system to generate audit records when successful/unsuccessful attempts to modify security objects occur.
Configure the operating system to generate audit records when successful/unsuccessful attempts to modify security objects occur.
Vuln ID:
V-56645
Rule ID:
SV-70905r1_rule
Group ID:
SRG-OS-000462-GPOS-00206
Version:
SRG-OS-000462-GPOS-00206
CCI:
CCI-000172
Severity:
Medium
Description:
Without generating audit records that are specific to the security and mission needs of the organization, it would be difficult to establish, correlate, and investigate the events relating to an incident or identify those responsible for one. Audit records can be generated from various components within the information system (e.g., module or policy filter).
Without generating audit records that are specific to the security and mission needs of the organization, it would be difficult to establish, correlate, and investigate the events relating to an incident or identify those responsible for one. Audit records can be generated from various components within the information system (e.g., module or policy filter).
Check:
Verify the operating system generates audit records when successful/unsuccessful attempts to modify privileges occur. If it does not, this is a finding.
Verify the operating system generates audit records when successful/unsuccessful attempts to modify privileges occur. If it does not, this is a finding.
Fix:
Configure the operating system to generate audit records when successful/unsuccessful attempts to modify privileges occur.
Configure the operating system to generate audit records when successful/unsuccessful attempts to modify privileges occur.
Vuln ID:
V-56647
Rule ID:
SV-70907r1_rule
Group ID:
SRG-OS-000037-GPOS-00015
Version:
SRG-OS-000037-GPOS-00015
CCI:
CCI-000130
Severity:
Medium
Description:
Without establishing what type of events occurred, it would be difficult to establish, correlate, and investigate the events leading up to an outage or attack. Audit record content that may be necessary to satisfy this requirement includes, for example, time stamps, source and destination addresses, user/process identifiers, event descriptions, success/fail indications, filenames involved, and access control or flow control rules invoked. Associating event types with detected events in the operating system audit logs provides a means of investigating an attack; recognizing resource utilization or capacity thresholds; or identifying an improperly configured operating system.
Without establishing what type of events occurred, it would be difficult to establish, correlate, and investigate the events leading up to an outage or attack. Audit record content that may be necessary to satisfy this requirement includes, for example, time stamps, source and destination addresses, user/process identifiers, event descriptions, success/fail indications, filenames involved, and access control or flow control rules invoked. Associating event types with detected events in the operating system audit logs provides a means of investigating an attack; recognizing resource utilization or capacity thresholds; or identifying an improperly configured operating system.
Check:
Verify the operating system produces audit records containing information to establish what type of events occurred. If it does not, this is a finding.
Verify the operating system produces audit records containing information to establish what type of events occurred. If it does not, this is a finding.
Fix:
Configure the operating system to produce audit records containing information to establish what type of events occurred.
Configure the operating system to produce audit records containing information to establish what type of events occurred.
Vuln ID:
V-56649
Rule ID:
SV-70909r1_rule
Group ID:
SRG-OS-000038-GPOS-00016
Version:
SRG-OS-000038-GPOS-00016
CCI:
CCI-000131
Severity:
Medium
Description:
Without establishing when events occurred, it is impossible to establish, correlate, and investigate the events leading up to an outage or attack. In order to compile an accurate risk assessment and provide forensic analysis, it is essential for security personnel to know when events occurred (date and time). Associating event types with detected events in the operating system audit logs provides a means of investigating an attack; recognizing resource utilization or capacity thresholds; or identifying an improperly configured operating system.
Without establishing when events occurred, it is impossible to establish, correlate, and investigate the events leading up to an outage or attack. In order to compile an accurate risk assessment and provide forensic analysis, it is essential for security personnel to know when events occurred (date and time). Associating event types with detected events in the operating system audit logs provides a means of investigating an attack; recognizing resource utilization or capacity thresholds; or identifying an improperly configured operating system.
Check:
Verify the operating system produces audit records containing information to establish when (date and time) the events occurred. If it does not, this is a finding.
Verify the operating system produces audit records containing information to establish when (date and time) the events occurred. If it does not, this is a finding.
Fix:
Configure the operating system to produce audit records containing information to establish when (date and time) the events occurred.
Configure the operating system to produce audit records containing information to establish when (date and time) the events occurred.
Vuln ID:
V-56651
Rule ID:
SV-70911r1_rule
Group ID:
SRG-OS-000039-GPOS-00017
Version:
SRG-OS-000039-GPOS-00017
CCI:
CCI-000132
Severity:
Medium
Description:
Without establishing where events occurred, it is impossible to establish, correlate, and investigate the events leading up to an outage or attack. In order to compile an accurate risk assessment and provide forensic analysis, it is essential for security personnel to know where events occurred, such as operating system components, modules, device identifiers, node names, file names, and functionality. Associating information about where the event occurred within the operating system provides a means of investigating an attack; recognizing resource utilization or capacity thresholds; or identifying an improperly configured operating system.
Without establishing where events occurred, it is impossible to establish, correlate, and investigate the events leading up to an outage or attack. In order to compile an accurate risk assessment and provide forensic analysis, it is essential for security personnel to know where events occurred, such as operating system components, modules, device identifiers, node names, file names, and functionality. Associating information about where the event occurred within the operating system provides a means of investigating an attack; recognizing resource utilization or capacity thresholds; or identifying an improperly configured operating system.
Check:
Verify the operating system produces audit records containing information to establish where the events occurred. If it does not, this is a finding.
Verify the operating system produces audit records containing information to establish where the events occurred. If it does not, this is a finding.
Fix:
Configure the operating system to produce audit records containing information to establish where the events occurred.
Configure the operating system to produce audit records containing information to establish where the events occurred.
Vuln ID:
V-56653
Rule ID:
SV-70913r1_rule
Group ID:
SRG-OS-000040-GPOS-00018
Version:
SRG-OS-000040-GPOS-00018
CCI:
CCI-000133
Severity:
Medium
Description:
Without establishing the source of the event, it is impossible to establish, correlate, and investigate the events leading up to an outage or attack. In addition to logging where events occur within the operating system, the operating system must also generate audit records that identify sources of events. Sources of operating system events include, but are not limited to, processes and services. In order to compile an accurate risk assessment and provide forensic analysis, it is essential for security personnel to know the source of the event.
Without establishing the source of the event, it is impossible to establish, correlate, and investigate the events leading up to an outage or attack. In addition to logging where events occur within the operating system, the operating system must also generate audit records that identify sources of events. Sources of operating system events include, but are not limited to, processes and services. In order to compile an accurate risk assessment and provide forensic analysis, it is essential for security personnel to know the source of the event.
Check:
Verify the operating system produces audit records containing information to establish the source of the events. If it does not, this is a finding.
Verify the operating system produces audit records containing information to establish the source of the events. If it does not, this is a finding.
Fix:
Configure the operating system to produce audit records containing information to establish the source of the events.
Configure the operating system to produce audit records containing information to establish the source of the events.
Vuln ID:
V-56655
Rule ID:
SV-70915r1_rule
Group ID:
SRG-OS-000041-GPOS-00019
Version:
SRG-OS-000041-GPOS-00019
CCI:
CCI-000134
Severity:
Medium
Description:
Without information about the outcome of events, security personnel cannot make an accurate assessment as to whether an attack was successful or if changes were made to the security state of the system. Event outcomes can include indicators of event success or failure and event-specific results (e.g., the security state of the information system after the event occurred). As such, they also provide a means to measure the impact of an event and help authorized personnel to determine the appropriate response.
Without information about the outcome of events, security personnel cannot make an accurate assessment as to whether an attack was successful or if changes were made to the security state of the system. Event outcomes can include indicators of event success or failure and event-specific results (e.g., the security state of the information system after the event occurred). As such, they also provide a means to measure the impact of an event and help authorized personnel to determine the appropriate response.
Check:
Verify the operating system produces audit records containing information to establish the outcome of the events. If it does not, this is a finding.
Verify the operating system produces audit records containing information to establish the outcome of the events. If it does not, this is a finding.
Fix:
Configure the operating system to produce audit records containing information to establish the outcome of the events.
Configure the operating system to produce audit records containing information to establish the outcome of the events.
Vuln ID:
V-56657
Rule ID:
SV-70917r1_rule
Group ID:
SRG-OS-000042-GPOS-00020
Version:
SRG-OS-000042-GPOS-00020
CCI:
CCI-000135
Severity:
Medium
Description:
Reconstruction of harmful events or forensic analysis is not possible if audit records do not contain enough information. At a minimum, the organization must audit the full-text recording of privileged commands. The organization must maintain audit trails in sufficient detail to reconstruct events to determine the cause and impact of compromise.
Reconstruction of harmful events or forensic analysis is not possible if audit records do not contain enough information. At a minimum, the organization must audit the full-text recording of privileged commands. The organization must maintain audit trails in sufficient detail to reconstruct events to determine the cause and impact of compromise.
Check:
Verify the operating system generates audit records containing the full-text recording of privileged commands. If it does not, this is a finding.
Verify the operating system generates audit records containing the full-text recording of privileged commands. If it does not, this is a finding.
Fix:
Configure the operating system to generate audit records containing the full-text recording of privileged commands.
Configure the operating system to generate audit records containing the full-text recording of privileged commands.
Vuln ID:
V-56659
Rule ID:
SV-70919r1_rule
Group ID:
SRG-OS-000042-GPOS-00021
Version:
SRG-OS-000042-GPOS-00021
CCI:
CCI-000135
Severity:
Medium
Description:
Reconstruction of harmful events or forensic analysis is not possible if audit records do not contain enough information. At a minimum, the organization must audit the individual identities of group users. The organization must maintain audit trails in sufficient detail to reconstruct events to determine the actual account involved in the activity.
Reconstruction of harmful events or forensic analysis is not possible if audit records do not contain enough information. At a minimum, the organization must audit the individual identities of group users. The organization must maintain audit trails in sufficient detail to reconstruct events to determine the actual account involved in the activity.
Check:
Verify the operating system produces audit records containing the individual identities of group account users. If it does not, this is a finding.
Verify the operating system produces audit records containing the individual identities of group account users. If it does not, this is a finding.
Fix:
Configure the operating system to produce audit records containing the individual identities of group account users.
Configure the operating system to produce audit records containing the individual identities of group account users.
Vuln ID:
V-56661
Rule ID:
SV-70921r1_rule
Group ID:
SRG-OS-000046-GPOS-00022
Version:
SRG-OS-000046-GPOS-00022
CCI:
CCI-000139
Severity:
Medium
Description:
It is critical for the appropriate personnel to be aware if a system is at risk of failing to process audit logs as required. Without this notification, the security personnel may be unaware of an impending failure of the audit capability, and system operation may be adversely affected. Audit processing failures include software/hardware errors, failures in the audit capturing mechanisms, and audit storage capacity being reached or exceeded. This requirement applies to each audit data storage repository (i.e., distinct information system component where audit records are stored), the centralized audit storage capacity of organizations (i.e., all audit data storage repositories combined), or both.
It is critical for the appropriate personnel to be aware if a system is at risk of failing to process audit logs as required. Without this notification, the security personnel may be unaware of an impending failure of the audit capability, and system operation may be adversely affected. Audit processing failures include software/hardware errors, failures in the audit capturing mechanisms, and audit storage capacity being reached or exceeded. This requirement applies to each audit data storage repository (i.e., distinct information system component where audit records are stored), the centralized audit storage capacity of organizations (i.e., all audit data storage repositories combined), or both.
Check:
Verify the operating system alerts the ISSO and SA (at a minimum) in the event of an audit processing failure. If it does not, this is a finding.
Verify the operating system alerts the ISSO and SA (at a minimum) in the event of an audit processing failure. If it does not, this is a finding.
Fix:
Configure the operating system to alert the ISSO and SA (at a minimum) in the event of an audit processing failure.
Configure the operating system to alert the ISSO and SA (at a minimum) in the event of an audit processing failure.
Vuln ID:
V-56663
Rule ID:
SV-70923r1_rule
Group ID:
SRG-OS-000047-GPOS-00023
Version:
SRG-OS-000047-GPOS-00023
CCI:
CCI-000140
Severity:
Medium
Description:
It is critical that when the operating system is at risk of failing to process audit logs as required, it takes action to mitigate the failure. Audit processing failures include: software/hardware errors; failures in the audit capturing mechanisms; and audit storage capacity being reached or exceeded. Responses to audit failure depend upon the nature of the failure mode. When availability is an overriding concern, other approved actions in response to an audit failure are as follows: 1) If the failure was caused by the lack of audit record storage capacity, the operating system must continue generating audit records if possible (automatically restarting the audit service if necessary), overwriting the oldest audit records in a first-in-first-out manner. 2) If audit records are sent to a centralized collection server and communication with this server is lost or the server fails, the operating system must queue audit records locally until communication is restored or until the audit records are retrieved manually. Upon restoration of the connection to the centralized collection server, action should be taken to synchronize the local audit data with the collection server.
It is critical that when the operating system is at risk of failing to process audit logs as required, it takes action to mitigate the failure. Audit processing failures include: software/hardware errors; failures in the audit capturing mechanisms; and audit storage capacity being reached or exceeded. Responses to audit failure depend upon the nature of the failure mode. When availability is an overriding concern, other approved actions in response to an audit failure are as follows: 1) If the failure was caused by the lack of audit record storage capacity, the operating system must continue generating audit records if possible (automatically restarting the audit service if necessary), overwriting the oldest audit records in a first-in-first-out manner. 2) If audit records are sent to a centralized collection server and communication with this server is lost or the server fails, the operating system must queue audit records locally until communication is restored or until the audit records are retrieved manually. Upon restoration of the connection to the centralized collection server, action should be taken to synchronize the local audit data with the collection server.
Check:
Verify the operating system shuts down by default upon audit failure (unless availability is an overriding concern). If it does not, this is a finding.
Verify the operating system shuts down by default upon audit failure (unless availability is an overriding concern). If it does not, this is a finding.
Fix:
Configure the operating system to shut down by default upon audit failure (unless availability is an overriding concern).
Configure the operating system to shut down by default upon audit failure (unless availability is an overriding concern).
Vuln ID:
V-56665
Rule ID:
SV-70925r1_rule
Group ID:
SRG-OS-000051-GPOS-00024
Version:
SRG-OS-000051-GPOS-00024
CCI:
CCI-000154
Severity:
Medium
Description:
Successful incident response and auditing relies on timely, accurate system information and analysis in order to allow the organization to identify and respond to potential incidents in a proficient manner. If the operating system does not provide the ability to centrally review the operating system logs, forensic analysis is negatively impacted. Segregation of logging data to multiple disparate computer systems is counterproductive and makes log analysis and log event alarming difficult to implement and manage, particularly when the system has multiple logging components writing to different locations or systems. To support the centralized capability, the operating system must be able to provide the information in a format that can be extracted and used, allowing the application performing the centralization of the log records to meet this requirement.
Successful incident response and auditing relies on timely, accurate system information and analysis in order to allow the organization to identify and respond to potential incidents in a proficient manner. If the operating system does not provide the ability to centrally review the operating system logs, forensic analysis is negatively impacted. Segregation of logging data to multiple disparate computer systems is counterproductive and makes log analysis and log event alarming difficult to implement and manage, particularly when the system has multiple logging components writing to different locations or systems. To support the centralized capability, the operating system must be able to provide the information in a format that can be extracted and used, allowing the application performing the centralization of the log records to meet this requirement.
Check:
Verify the operating system provides the capability to centrally review and analyze audit records from multiple components within the system. If it does not, this is a finding.
Verify the operating system provides the capability to centrally review and analyze audit records from multiple components within the system. If it does not, this is a finding.
Fix:
Configure the operating system to provide the capability to centrally review and analyze audit records from multiple components within the system.
Configure the operating system to provide the capability to centrally review and analyze audit records from multiple components within the system.
Vuln ID:
V-56667
Rule ID:
SV-70927r1_rule
Group ID:
SRG-OS-000054-GPOS-00025
Version:
SRG-OS-000054-GPOS-00025
CCI:
CCI-000158
Severity:
Medium
Description:
The ability to specify the event criteria that are of interest provides the individuals reviewing the logs with the ability to quickly isolate and identify these events without having to review entries that are of little or no consequence to the investigation. Without this capability, forensic investigations are impeded. Events of interest can be identified by the content of specific audit record fields, including, for example, identities of individuals, event types, event locations, event times, event dates, system resources involved, IP addresses involved, or information objects accessed. Organizations may define audit event criteria to any degree of granularity required, for example, locations selectable by general networking location (e.g., by network or subnetwork) or selectable by specific information system component. This requires operating systems to provide the capability to customize audit record reports based on all available criteria.
The ability to specify the event criteria that are of interest provides the individuals reviewing the logs with the ability to quickly isolate and identify these events without having to review entries that are of little or no consequence to the investigation. Without this capability, forensic investigations are impeded. Events of interest can be identified by the content of specific audit record fields, including, for example, identities of individuals, event types, event locations, event times, event dates, system resources involved, IP addresses involved, or information objects accessed. Organizations may define audit event criteria to any degree of granularity required, for example, locations selectable by general networking location (e.g., by network or subnetwork) or selectable by specific information system component. This requires operating systems to provide the capability to customize audit record reports based on all available criteria.
Check:
Verify the operating system provides the capability to filter audit records for events of interest based upon all audit fields within audit records. If it does not, this is a finding.
Verify the operating system provides the capability to filter audit records for events of interest based upon all audit fields within audit records. If it does not, this is a finding.
Fix:
Configure the operating system to provide the capability to filter audit records for events of interest based upon all audit fields within audit records.
Configure the operating system to provide the capability to filter audit records for events of interest based upon all audit fields within audit records.
Vuln ID:
V-56669
Rule ID:
SV-70929r1_rule
Group ID:
SRG-OS-000055-GPOS-00026
Version:
SRG-OS-000055-GPOS-00026
CCI:
CCI-000159
Severity:
Medium
Description:
Without an internal clock used as the reference for the time stored on each event to provide a trusted common reference for the time, forensic analysis would be impeded. Determining the correct time a particular event occurred on a system is critical when conducting forensic analysis and investigating system events. If the internal clock is not used, the system may not be able to provide time stamps for log messages. Additionally, externally generated time stamps may not be accurate.
Without an internal clock used as the reference for the time stored on each event to provide a trusted common reference for the time, forensic analysis would be impeded. Determining the correct time a particular event occurred on a system is critical when conducting forensic analysis and investigating system events. If the internal clock is not used, the system may not be able to provide time stamps for log messages. Additionally, externally generated time stamps may not be accurate.
Check:
Verify the operating system uses internal system clocks to generate time stamps for audit records. If it does not, this is a finding.
Verify the operating system uses internal system clocks to generate time stamps for audit records. If it does not, this is a finding.
Fix:
Configure the operating system to use internal system clocks to generate time stamps for audit records.
Configure the operating system to use internal system clocks to generate time stamps for audit records.
Vuln ID:
V-56671
Rule ID:
SV-70931r1_rule
Group ID:
SRG-OS-000057-GPOS-00027
Version:
SRG-OS-000057-GPOS-00027
CCI:
CCI-000162
Severity:
Medium
Description:
Unauthorized disclosure of audit records can reveal system and configuration data to attackers, thus compromising its confidentiality. Audit information includes all information (e.g., audit records, audit settings, audit reports) needed to successfully audit operating system activity.
Unauthorized disclosure of audit records can reveal system and configuration data to attackers, thus compromising its confidentiality. Audit information includes all information (e.g., audit records, audit settings, audit reports) needed to successfully audit operating system activity.
Check:
Verify the operating system protects audit information from unauthorized read access. If it does not, this is a finding.
Verify the operating system protects audit information from unauthorized read access. If it does not, this is a finding.
Fix:
Configure the operating system to protect audit information from unauthorized read access.
Configure the operating system to protect audit information from unauthorized read access.
Vuln ID:
V-56673
Rule ID:
SV-70933r1_rule
Group ID:
SRG-OS-000058-GPOS-00028
Version:
SRG-OS-000058-GPOS-00028
CCI:
CCI-000163
Severity:
Medium
Description:
If audit information were to become compromised, then forensic analysis and discovery of the true source of potentially malicious system activity is impossible to achieve. To ensure the veracity of audit information, the operating system must protect audit information from unauthorized modification. Audit information includes all information (e.g., audit records, audit settings, audit reports) needed to successfully audit information system activity.
If audit information were to become compromised, then forensic analysis and discovery of the true source of potentially malicious system activity is impossible to achieve. To ensure the veracity of audit information, the operating system must protect audit information from unauthorized modification. Audit information includes all information (e.g., audit records, audit settings, audit reports) needed to successfully audit information system activity.
Check:
Verify the operating system protects audit information from unauthorized modification. If it does not, this is a finding.
Verify the operating system protects audit information from unauthorized modification. If it does not, this is a finding.
Fix:
Configure the operating system to protect audit information from unauthorized modification.
Configure the operating system to protect audit information from unauthorized modification.
Vuln ID:
V-56675
Rule ID:
SV-70935r1_rule
Group ID:
SRG-OS-000059-GPOS-00029
Version:
SRG-OS-000059-GPOS-00029
CCI:
CCI-000164
Severity:
Medium
Description:
If audit information were to become compromised, then forensic analysis and discovery of the true source of potentially malicious system activity is impossible to achieve. To ensure the veracity of audit information, the operating system must protect audit information from unauthorized deletion. This requirement can be achieved through multiple methods, which will depend upon system architecture and design. Audit information includes all information (e.g., audit records, audit settings, audit reports) needed to successfully audit information system activity.
If audit information were to become compromised, then forensic analysis and discovery of the true source of potentially malicious system activity is impossible to achieve. To ensure the veracity of audit information, the operating system must protect audit information from unauthorized deletion. This requirement can be achieved through multiple methods, which will depend upon system architecture and design. Audit information includes all information (e.g., audit records, audit settings, audit reports) needed to successfully audit information system activity.
Check:
Verify the operating system protects audit information from unauthorized deletion. If it does not, this is a finding.
Verify the operating system protects audit information from unauthorized deletion. If it does not, this is a finding.
Fix:
Configure the operating system to protect audit information from unauthorized deletion.
Configure the operating system to protect audit information from unauthorized deletion.
Vuln ID:
V-56677
Rule ID:
SV-70937r1_rule
Group ID:
SRG-OS-000062-GPOS-00031
Version:
SRG-OS-000062-GPOS-00031
CCI:
CCI-000169
Severity:
Medium
Description:
Without the capability to generate audit records, it would be difficult to establish, correlate, and investigate the events relating to an incident or identify those responsible for one. Audit records can be generated from various components within the information system (e.g., module or policy filter). The list of audited events is the set of events for which audits are to be generated. This set of events is typically a subset of the list of all events for which the system is capable of generating audit records. DoD has defined the list of events for which the operating system will provide an audit record generation capability as the following: 1) Successful and unsuccessful attempts to access, modify, or delete privileges, security objects, security levels, or categories of information (e.g., classification levels); 2) Access actions, such as successful and unsuccessful logon attempts, privileged activities or other system-level access, starting and ending time for user access to the system, concurrent logons from different workstations, successful and unsuccessful accesses to objects, all program initiations, and all direct access to the information system; 3) All account creations, modifications, disabling, and terminations; and 4) All kernel module load, unload, and restart actions.
Without the capability to generate audit records, it would be difficult to establish, correlate, and investigate the events relating to an incident or identify those responsible for one. Audit records can be generated from various components within the information system (e.g., module or policy filter). The list of audited events is the set of events for which audits are to be generated. This set of events is typically a subset of the list of all events for which the system is capable of generating audit records. DoD has defined the list of events for which the operating system will provide an audit record generation capability as the following: 1) Successful and unsuccessful attempts to access, modify, or delete privileges, security objects, security levels, or categories of information (e.g., classification levels); 2) Access actions, such as successful and unsuccessful logon attempts, privileged activities or other system-level access, starting and ending time for user access to the system, concurrent logons from different workstations, successful and unsuccessful accesses to objects, all program initiations, and all direct access to the information system; 3) All account creations, modifications, disabling, and terminations; and 4) All kernel module load, unload, and restart actions.
Check:
Verify the operating system provides audit record generation capability for DoD-defined auditable events for all operating system components. DoD has defined the list of events for which the operating system will provide an audit record generation capability as the following: 1) Successful and unsuccessful attempts to access, modify, or delete privileges, security objects, security levels, or categories of information (e.g., classification levels); 2) Access actions, such as successful and unsuccessful logon attempts, privileged activities or other system-level access, starting and ending time for user access to the system, concurrent logons from different workstations, successful and unsuccessful accesses to objects, all program initiations, and all direct access to the information system; 3) All account creations, modifications, disabling, and terminations; and 4) All kernel module load, unload, and restart actions. If it does not, this is a finding.
Verify the operating system provides audit record generation capability for DoD-defined auditable events for all operating system components. DoD has defined the list of events for which the operating system will provide an audit record generation capability as the following: 1) Successful and unsuccessful attempts to access, modify, or delete privileges, security objects, security levels, or categories of information (e.g., classification levels); 2) Access actions, such as successful and unsuccessful logon attempts, privileged activities or other system-level access, starting and ending time for user access to the system, concurrent logons from different workstations, successful and unsuccessful accesses to objects, all program initiations, and all direct access to the information system; 3) All account creations, modifications, disabling, and terminations; and 4) All kernel module load, unload, and restart actions. If it does not, this is a finding.
Fix:
Configure the operating system to provide audit record generation capability for DoD-defined auditable events for all operating system components. DoD has defined the list of events for which the operating system will provide an audit record generation capability as the following: 1) Successful and unsuccessful attempts to access, modify, or delete privileges, security objects, security levels, or categories of information (e.g., classification levels); 2) Access actions, such as successful and unsuccessful logon attempts, privileged activities or other system-level access, starting and ending time for user access to the system, concurrent logons from different workstations, successful and unsuccessful accesses to objects, all program initiations, and all direct access to the information system; 3) All account creations, modifications, disabling, and terminations; and 4) All kernel module load, unload, and restart actions.
Configure the operating system to provide audit record generation capability for DoD-defined auditable events for all operating system components. DoD has defined the list of events for which the operating system will provide an audit record generation capability as the following: 1) Successful and unsuccessful attempts to access, modify, or delete privileges, security objects, security levels, or categories of information (e.g., classification levels); 2) Access actions, such as successful and unsuccessful logon attempts, privileged activities or other system-level access, starting and ending time for user access to the system, concurrent logons from different workstations, successful and unsuccessful accesses to objects, all program initiations, and all direct access to the information system; 3) All account creations, modifications, disabling, and terminations; and 4) All kernel module load, unload, and restart actions.
Vuln ID:
V-56679
Rule ID:
SV-70939r1_rule
Group ID:
SRG-OS-000063-GPOS-00032
Version:
SRG-OS-000063-GPOS-00032
CCI:
CCI-000171
Severity:
Medium
Description:
Without the capability to restrict which roles and individuals can select which events are audited, unauthorized personnel may be able to prevent the auditing of critical events. Misconfigured audits may degrade the system's performance by overwhelming the audit log. Misconfigured audits may also make it more difficult to establish, correlate, and investigate the events relating to an incident or identify those responsible for one.
Without the capability to restrict which roles and individuals can select which events are audited, unauthorized personnel may be able to prevent the auditing of critical events. Misconfigured audits may degrade the system's performance by overwhelming the audit log. Misconfigured audits may also make it more difficult to establish, correlate, and investigate the events relating to an incident or identify those responsible for one.
Check:
Verify the operating system allows only the ISSM (or individuals or roles appointed by the ISSM) to select which auditable events are to be audited. If it does not, this is a finding.
Verify the operating system allows only the ISSM (or individuals or roles appointed by the ISSM) to select which auditable events are to be audited. If it does not, this is a finding.
Fix:
Configure the operating system to allow only the ISSM (or individuals or roles appointed by the ISSM) to select which auditable events are to be audited.
Configure the operating system to allow only the ISSM (or individuals or roles appointed by the ISSM) to select which auditable events are to be audited.
Vuln ID:
V-56681
Rule ID:
SV-70941r1_rule
Group ID:
SRG-OS-000064-GPOS-00033
Version:
SRG-OS-000064-GPOS-00033
CCI:
CCI-000172
Severity:
Medium
Description:
Without generating audit records that are specific to the security and mission needs of the organization, it would be difficult to establish, correlate, and investigate the events relating to an incident or identify those responsible for one. Audit records can be generated from various components within the information system (e.g., module or policy filter).
Without generating audit records that are specific to the security and mission needs of the organization, it would be difficult to establish, correlate, and investigate the events relating to an incident or identify those responsible for one. Audit records can be generated from various components within the information system (e.g., module or policy filter).
Check:
Verify the operating system generates audit records when successful/unsuccessful attempts to access privileges occur. If it does not, this is a finding.
Verify the operating system generates audit records when successful/unsuccessful attempts to access privileges occur. If it does not, this is a finding.
Fix:
Configure the operating system to generate audit records when successful/unsuccessful attempts to access privileges occur.
Configure the operating system to generate audit records when successful/unsuccessful attempts to access privileges occur.
Vuln ID:
V-56683
Rule ID:
SV-70943r1_rule
Group ID:
SRG-OS-000066-GPOS-00034
Version:
SRG-OS-000066-GPOS-00034
CCI:
CCI-000185
Severity:
Medium
Description:
Without path validation, an informed trust decision by the relying party cannot be made when presented with any certificate not already explicitly trusted. A trust anchor is an authoritative entity represented via a public key and associated data. It is used in the context of public key infrastructures, X.509 digital certificates, and DNSSEC. When there is a chain of trust, usually the top entity to be trusted becomes the trust anchor; it can be, for example, a Certification Authority (CA). A certification path starts with the subject certificate and proceeds through a number of intermediate certificates up to a trusted root certificate, typically issued by a trusted CA. This requirement verifies that a certification path to an accepted trust anchor is used for certificate validation and that the path includes status information. Path validation is necessary for a relying party to make an informed trust decision when presented with any certificate not already explicitly trusted. Status information for certification paths includes certificate revocation lists or online certificate status protocol responses. Validation of the certificate status information is out of scope for this requirement.
Without path validation, an informed trust decision by the relying party cannot be made when presented with any certificate not already explicitly trusted. A trust anchor is an authoritative entity represented via a public key and associated data. It is used in the context of public key infrastructures, X.509 digital certificates, and DNSSEC. When there is a chain of trust, usually the top entity to be trusted becomes the trust anchor; it can be, for example, a Certification Authority (CA). A certification path starts with the subject certificate and proceeds through a number of intermediate certificates up to a trusted root certificate, typically issued by a trusted CA. This requirement verifies that a certification path to an accepted trust anchor is used for certificate validation and that the path includes status information. Path validation is necessary for a relying party to make an informed trust decision when presented with any certificate not already explicitly trusted. Status information for certification paths includes certificate revocation lists or online certificate status protocol responses. Validation of the certificate status information is out of scope for this requirement.
Check:
Verify the operating system, for PKI-based authentication, validates certificates by constructing a certification path (which includes status information) to an accepted trust anchor. If it does not, this is a finding.
Verify the operating system, for PKI-based authentication, validates certificates by constructing a certification path (which includes status information) to an accepted trust anchor. If it does not, this is a finding.
Fix:
Configure the operating system, for PKI-based authentication, to validate certificates by constructing a certification path (which includes status information) to an accepted trust anchor.
Configure the operating system, for PKI-based authentication, to validate certificates by constructing a certification path (which includes status information) to an accepted trust anchor.
Vuln ID:
V-56685
Rule ID:
SV-70945r1_rule
Group ID:
SRG-OS-000067-GPOS-00035
Version:
SRG-OS-000067-GPOS-00035
CCI:
CCI-000186
Severity:
Medium
Description:
If the private key is discovered, an attacker can use the key to authenticate as an authorized user and gain access to the network infrastructure. The cornerstone of the PKI is the private key used to encrypt or digitally sign information. If the private key is stolen, this will lead to the compromise of the authentication and non-repudiation gained through PKI because the attacker can use the private key to digitally sign documents and pretend to be the authorized user. Both the holders of a digital certificate and the issuing authority must protect the computers, storage devices, or whatever they use to keep the private keys.
If the private key is discovered, an attacker can use the key to authenticate as an authorized user and gain access to the network infrastructure. The cornerstone of the PKI is the private key used to encrypt or digitally sign information. If the private key is stolen, this will lead to the compromise of the authentication and non-repudiation gained through PKI because the attacker can use the private key to digitally sign documents and pretend to be the authorized user. Both the holders of a digital certificate and the issuing authority must protect the computers, storage devices, or whatever they use to keep the private keys.
Check:
Verify the operating system, for PKI-based authentication, enforces authorized access to the corresponding private key. If it does not, this is a finding.
Verify the operating system, for PKI-based authentication, enforces authorized access to the corresponding private key. If it does not, this is a finding.
Fix:
Configure the operating system, for PKI-based authentication, to enforce authorized access to the corresponding private key.
Configure the operating system, for PKI-based authentication, to enforce authorized access to the corresponding private key.
Vuln ID:
V-56687
Rule ID:
SV-70947r1_rule
Group ID:
SRG-OS-000068-GPOS-00036
Version:
SRG-OS-000068-GPOS-00036
CCI:
CCI-000187
Severity:
Medium
Description:
Without mapping the certificate used to authenticate to the user account, the ability to determine the identity of the individual user or group will not be available for forensic analysis.
Without mapping the certificate used to authenticate to the user account, the ability to determine the identity of the individual user or group will not be available for forensic analysis.
Check:
Verify the operating system maps the authenticated identity to the user or group account for PKI-based authentication. If it does not, this is a finding.
Verify the operating system maps the authenticated identity to the user or group account for PKI-based authentication. If it does not, this is a finding.
Fix:
Configure the operating system to map the authenticated identity to the user or group account for PKI-based authentication.
Configure the operating system to map the authenticated identity to the user or group account for PKI-based authentication.
Vuln ID:
V-56689
Rule ID:
SV-70949r1_rule
Group ID:
SRG-OS-000069-GPOS-00037
Version:
SRG-OS-000069-GPOS-00037
CCI:
CCI-000192
Severity:
Medium
Description:
Use of a complex password helps to increase the time and resources required to compromise the password. Password complexity, or strength, is a measure of the effectiveness of a password in resisting attempts at guessing and brute-force attacks. Password complexity is one factor of several that determines how long it takes to crack a password. The more complex the password, the greater the number of possible combinations that need to be tested before the password is compromised.
Use of a complex password helps to increase the time and resources required to compromise the password. Password complexity, or strength, is a measure of the effectiveness of a password in resisting attempts at guessing and brute-force attacks. Password complexity is one factor of several that determines how long it takes to crack a password. The more complex the password, the greater the number of possible combinations that need to be tested before the password is compromised.
Check:
Verify the operating system enforces password complexity by requiring that at least one upper-case character be used. If it does not, this is a finding.
Verify the operating system enforces password complexity by requiring that at least one upper-case character be used. If it does not, this is a finding.
Fix:
Configure the operating system to enforce password complexity by requiring that at least one upper-case character be used.
Configure the operating system to enforce password complexity by requiring that at least one upper-case character be used.
Vuln ID:
V-56691
Rule ID:
SV-70951r1_rule
Group ID:
SRG-OS-000070-GPOS-00038
Version:
SRG-OS-000070-GPOS-00038
CCI:
CCI-000193
Severity:
Medium
Description:
Use of a complex password helps to increase the time and resources required to compromise the password. Password complexity, or strength, is a measure of the effectiveness of a password in resisting attempts at guessing and brute-force attacks. Password complexity is one factor of several that determines how long it takes to crack a password. The more complex the password, the greater the number of possible combinations that need to be tested before the password is compromised.
Use of a complex password helps to increase the time and resources required to compromise the password. Password complexity, or strength, is a measure of the effectiveness of a password in resisting attempts at guessing and brute-force attacks. Password complexity is one factor of several that determines how long it takes to crack a password. The more complex the password, the greater the number of possible combinations that need to be tested before the password is compromised.
Check:
Verify the operating system enforces password complexity by requiring that at least one lower-case character be used. If it does not, this is a finding.
Verify the operating system enforces password complexity by requiring that at least one lower-case character be used. If it does not, this is a finding.
Fix:
Configure the operating system to enforce password complexity by requiring that at least one lower-case character be used.
Configure the operating system to enforce password complexity by requiring that at least one lower-case character be used.
Vuln ID:
V-56693
Rule ID:
SV-70953r1_rule
Group ID:
SRG-OS-000071-GPOS-00039
Version:
SRG-OS-000071-GPOS-00039
CCI:
CCI-000194
Severity:
Medium
Description:
Use of a complex password helps to increase the time and resources required to compromise the password. Password complexity, or strength, is a measure of the effectiveness of a password in resisting attempts at guessing and brute-force attacks. Password complexity is one factor of several that determines how long it takes to crack a password. The more complex the password, the greater the number of possible combinations that need to be tested before the password is compromised.
Use of a complex password helps to increase the time and resources required to compromise the password. Password complexity, or strength, is a measure of the effectiveness of a password in resisting attempts at guessing and brute-force attacks. Password complexity is one factor of several that determines how long it takes to crack a password. The more complex the password, the greater the number of possible combinations that need to be tested before the password is compromised.
Check:
Verify the operating system enforces password complexity by requiring that at least one numeric character be used. If it does not, this is a finding.
Verify the operating system enforces password complexity by requiring that at least one numeric character be used. If it does not, this is a finding.
Fix:
Configure the operating system to enforce password complexity by requiring that at least one numeric character be used.
Configure the operating system to enforce password complexity by requiring that at least one numeric character be used.
Vuln ID:
V-56695
Rule ID:
SV-70955r2_rule
Group ID:
SRG-OS-000072-GPOS-00040
Version:
SRG-OS-000072-GPOS-00040
CCI:
CCI-000195
Severity:
Medium
Description:
If the operating system allows the user to consecutively reuse extensive portions of passwords, this increases the chances of password compromise by increasing the window of opportunity for attempts at guessing and brute-force attacks. The number of changed characters refers to the number of changes required with respect to the total number of positions in the current password. In other words, characters may be the same within the two passwords; however, the positions of the like characters must be different. If the password length is an odd number then number of changed characters must be rounded up. For example, a password length of 15 characters must require the change of at least 8 characters.
If the operating system allows the user to consecutively reuse extensive portions of passwords, this increases the chances of password compromise by increasing the window of opportunity for attempts at guessing and brute-force attacks. The number of changed characters refers to the number of changes required with respect to the total number of positions in the current password. In other words, characters may be the same within the two passwords; however, the positions of the like characters must be different. If the password length is an odd number then number of changed characters must be rounded up. For example, a password length of 15 characters must require the change of at least 8 characters.
Check:
Verify the operating system requires the change of at least eight of the total number of characters when passwords are changed. If it does not, this is a finding.
Verify the operating system requires the change of at least eight of the total number of characters when passwords are changed. If it does not, this is a finding.
Fix:
Configure the operating system to require the change of at least eight of the total number of characters when passwords are changed.
Configure the operating system to require the change of at least eight of the total number of characters when passwords are changed.
Vuln ID:
V-56697
Rule ID:
SV-70957r1_rule
Group ID:
SRG-OS-000073-GPOS-00041
Version:
SRG-OS-000073-GPOS-00041
CCI:
CCI-000196
Severity:
Medium
Description:
Passwords need to be protected at all times, and encryption is the standard method for protecting passwords. If passwords are not encrypted, they can be plainly read (i.e., clear text) and easily compromised.
Passwords need to be protected at all times, and encryption is the standard method for protecting passwords. If passwords are not encrypted, they can be plainly read (i.e., clear text) and easily compromised.
Check:
Verify the operating system stores only encrypted representations of passwords. If it does not, this is a finding.
Verify the operating system stores only encrypted representations of passwords. If it does not, this is a finding.
Fix:
Configure the operating system to store only encrypted representations of passwords.
Configure the operating system to store only encrypted representations of passwords.
Vuln ID:
V-56699
Rule ID:
SV-70959r1_rule
Group ID:
SRG-OS-000074-GPOS-00042
Version:
SRG-OS-000074-GPOS-00042
CCI:
CCI-000197
Severity:
Medium
Description:
Passwords need to be protected at all times, and encryption is the standard method for protecting passwords. If passwords are not encrypted, they can be plainly read (i.e., clear text) and easily compromised.
Passwords need to be protected at all times, and encryption is the standard method for protecting passwords. If passwords are not encrypted, they can be plainly read (i.e., clear text) and easily compromised.
Check:
Verify the operating system transmits only encrypted representations of passwords. If it does not, this is a finding.
Verify the operating system transmits only encrypted representations of passwords. If it does not, this is a finding.
Fix:
Configure the operating system to transmit only encrypted representations of passwords.
Configure the operating system to transmit only encrypted representations of passwords.
Vuln ID:
V-56701
Rule ID:
SV-70961r1_rule
Group ID:
SRG-OS-000075-GPOS-00043
Version:
SRG-OS-000075-GPOS-00043
CCI:
CCI-000198
Severity:
Medium
Description:
Enforcing a minimum password lifetime helps to prevent repeated password changes to defeat the password reuse or history enforcement requirement. If users are allowed to immediately and continually change their password, then the password could be repeatedly changed in a short period of time to defeat the organization's policy regarding password reuse.
Enforcing a minimum password lifetime helps to prevent repeated password changes to defeat the password reuse or history enforcement requirement. If users are allowed to immediately and continually change their password, then the password could be repeatedly changed in a short period of time to defeat the organization's policy regarding password reuse.
Check:
Verify operating system enforces 24 hours/1 day as the minimum password lifetime. If it does not, this is a finding.
Verify operating system enforces 24 hours/1 day as the minimum password lifetime. If it does not, this is a finding.
Fix:
Configure operating system to enforce 24 hours/1 day as the minimum password lifetime.
Configure operating system to enforce 24 hours/1 day as the minimum password lifetime.
Vuln ID:
V-56703
Rule ID:
SV-70963r1_rule
Group ID:
SRG-OS-000076-GPOS-00044
Version:
SRG-OS-000076-GPOS-00044
CCI:
CCI-000199
Severity:
Medium
Description:
Any password, no matter how complex, can eventually be cracked. Therefore, passwords need to be changed periodically. If the operating system does not limit the lifetime of passwords and force users to change their passwords, there is the risk that the operating system passwords could be compromised.
Any password, no matter how complex, can eventually be cracked. Therefore, passwords need to be changed periodically. If the operating system does not limit the lifetime of passwords and force users to change their passwords, there is the risk that the operating system passwords could be compromised.
Check:
Verify operating system enforces a 60-day maximum password lifetime restriction. If it does not, this is a finding.
Verify operating system enforces a 60-day maximum password lifetime restriction. If it does not, this is a finding.
Fix:
Configure operating system to enforce a 60-day maximum password lifetime restriction.
Configure operating system to enforce a 60-day maximum password lifetime restriction.
Vuln ID:
V-56705
Rule ID:
SV-70965r1_rule
Group ID:
SRG-OS-000077-GPOS-00045
Version:
SRG-OS-000077-GPOS-00045
CCI:
CCI-000200
Severity:
Medium
Description:
Password complexity, or strength, is a measure of the effectiveness of a password in resisting attempts at guessing and brute-force attacks. If the information system or application allows the user to consecutively reuse their password when that password has exceeded its defined lifetime, the end result is a password that is not changed as per policy requirements.
Password complexity, or strength, is a measure of the effectiveness of a password in resisting attempts at guessing and brute-force attacks. If the information system or application allows the user to consecutively reuse their password when that password has exceeded its defined lifetime, the end result is a password that is not changed as per policy requirements.
Check:
Verify the operating system prohibits password reuse for a minimum of five generations. If it does not, this is a finding.
Verify the operating system prohibits password reuse for a minimum of five generations. If it does not, this is a finding.
Fix:
Configure the operating system to prohibit password reuse for a minimum of five generations.
Configure the operating system to prohibit password reuse for a minimum of five generations.
Vuln ID:
V-56711
Rule ID:
SV-70971r1_rule
Group ID:
SRG-OS-000461-GPOS-00205
Version:
SRG-OS-000461-GPOS-00205
CCI:
CCI-000172
Severity:
Medium
Description:
Without generating audit records that are specific to the security and mission needs of the organization, it would be difficult to establish, correlate, and investigate the events relating to an incident or identify those responsible for one. Audit records can be generated from various components within the information system (e.g., module or policy filter).
Without generating audit records that are specific to the security and mission needs of the organization, it would be difficult to establish, correlate, and investigate the events relating to an incident or identify those responsible for one. Audit records can be generated from various components within the information system (e.g., module or policy filter).
Check:
Verify the operating system generates audit records when successful/unsuccessful attempts to access categories of information (e.g., classification levels) occur. If it does not, this is a finding.
Verify the operating system generates audit records when successful/unsuccessful attempts to access categories of information (e.g., classification levels) occur. If it does not, this is a finding.
Fix:
Configure the operating system to generate audit records when successful/unsuccessful attempts to access categories of information (e.g., classification levels) occur.
Configure the operating system to generate audit records when successful/unsuccessful attempts to access categories of information (e.g., classification levels) occur.
Vuln ID:
V-56713
Rule ID:
SV-70973r1_rule
Group ID:
SRG-OS-000458-GPOS-00203
Version:
SRG-OS-000458-GPOS-00203
CCI:
CCI-000172
Severity:
Medium
Description:
Without generating audit records that are specific to the security and mission needs of the organization, it would be difficult to establish, correlate, and investigate the events relating to an incident or identify those responsible for one. Audit records can be generated from various components within the information system (e.g., module or policy filter).
Without generating audit records that are specific to the security and mission needs of the organization, it would be difficult to establish, correlate, and investigate the events relating to an incident or identify those responsible for one. Audit records can be generated from various components within the information system (e.g., module or policy filter).
Check:
Verify the operating system generates audit records when successful/unsuccessful attempts to access security objects occur. If it does not, this is a finding.
Verify the operating system generates audit records when successful/unsuccessful attempts to access security objects occur. If it does not, this is a finding.
Fix:
Configure the operating system to generate audit records when successful/unsuccessful attempts to access security objects occur.
Configure the operating system to generate audit records when successful/unsuccessful attempts to access security objects occur.
Vuln ID:
V-56715
Rule ID:
SV-70975r1_rule
Group ID:
SRG-OS-000447-GPOS-00201
Version:
SRG-OS-000447-GPOS-00201
CCI:
CCI-002702
Severity:
Medium
Description:
If anomalies are not acted upon, security functions may fail to secure the system. Security function is defined as the hardware, software, and/or firmware of the information system responsible for enforcing the system security policy and supporting the isolation of code and data on which the protection is based. Security functionality includes, but is not limited to, establishing system accounts, configuring access authorizations (i.e., permissions, privileges), setting events to be audited, and setting intrusion detection parameters. Notifications provided by information systems include messages to local computer consoles, and/or hardware indications, such as lights. This capability must take into account operational requirements for availability for selecting an appropriate response. The organization may choose to shut down or restart the information system upon security function anomaly detection.
If anomalies are not acted upon, security functions may fail to secure the system. Security function is defined as the hardware, software, and/or firmware of the information system responsible for enforcing the system security policy and supporting the isolation of code and data on which the protection is based. Security functionality includes, but is not limited to, establishing system accounts, configuring access authorizations (i.e., permissions, privileges), setting events to be audited, and setting intrusion detection parameters. Notifications provided by information systems include messages to local computer consoles, and/or hardware indications, such as lights. This capability must take into account operational requirements for availability for selecting an appropriate response. The organization may choose to shut down or restart the information system upon security function anomaly detection.
Check:
Verify the operating system shuts down the information system, restarts the information system, and/or notifies the system administrator when anomalies in the operation of any security functions are discovered. If it does not, this is a finding.
Verify the operating system shuts down the information system, restarts the information system, and/or notifies the system administrator when anomalies in the operation of any security functions are discovered. If it does not, this is a finding.
Fix:
Configure the operating system to shut down the information system, restart the information system, and/or notify the system administrator when anomalies in the operation of the security functions are discovered.
Configure the operating system to shut down the information system, restart the information system, and/or notify the system administrator when anomalies in the operation of the security functions are discovered.
Vuln ID:
V-56717
Rule ID:
SV-70977r1_rule
Group ID:
SRG-OS-000446-GPOS-00200
Version:
SRG-OS-000446-GPOS-00200
CCI:
CCI-002699
Severity:
Medium
Description:
Without verification of the security functions, security functions may not operate correctly and the failure may go unnoticed. Security function is defined as the hardware, software, and/or firmware of the information system responsible for enforcing the system security policy and supporting the isolation of code and data on which the protection is based. Security functionality includes, but is not limited to, establishing system accounts, configuring access authorizations (i.e., permissions, privileges), setting events to be audited, and setting intrusion detection parameters. Notifications provided by information systems include, for example, electronic alerts to system administrators, messages to local computer consoles, and/or hardware indications, such as lights. This requirement applies to operating systems performing security function verification/testing and/or systems and environments that require this functionality.
Without verification of the security functions, security functions may not operate correctly and the failure may go unnoticed. Security function is defined as the hardware, software, and/or firmware of the information system responsible for enforcing the system security policy and supporting the isolation of code and data on which the protection is based. Security functionality includes, but is not limited to, establishing system accounts, configuring access authorizations (i.e., permissions, privileges), setting events to be audited, and setting intrusion detection parameters. Notifications provided by information systems include, for example, electronic alerts to system administrators, messages to local computer consoles, and/or hardware indications, such as lights. This requirement applies to operating systems performing security function verification/testing and/or systems and environments that require this functionality.
Check:
Verify the operating system performs verification of the correct operation of security functions: upon system start-up and/or restart; upon command by a user with privileged access; and/or every 30 days. If it does not, this is a finding.
Verify the operating system performs verification of the correct operation of security functions: upon system start-up and/or restart; upon command by a user with privileged access; and/or every 30 days. If it does not, this is a finding.
Fix:
Configure the operating system to perform verification of the correct operation of security functions: upon system start-up and/or restart; upon command by a user with privileged access; and/or every 30 days.
Configure the operating system to perform verification of the correct operation of security functions: upon system start-up and/or restart; upon command by a user with privileged access; and/or every 30 days.
Vuln ID:
V-56719
Rule ID:
SV-70979r1_rule
Group ID:
SRG-OS-000445-GPOS-00199
Version:
SRG-OS-000445-GPOS-00199
CCI:
CCI-002696
Severity:
Medium
Description:
Without verification of the security functions, security functions may not operate correctly and the failure may go unnoticed. Security function is defined as the hardware, software, and/or firmware of the information system responsible for enforcing the system security policy and supporting the isolation of code and data on which the protection is based. Security functionality includes, but is not limited to, establishing system accounts, configuring access authorizations (i.e., permissions, privileges), setting events to be audited, and setting intrusion detection parameters. This requirement applies to operating systems performing security function verification/testing and/or systems and environments that require this functionality.
Without verification of the security functions, security functions may not operate correctly and the failure may go unnoticed. Security function is defined as the hardware, software, and/or firmware of the information system responsible for enforcing the system security policy and supporting the isolation of code and data on which the protection is based. Security functionality includes, but is not limited to, establishing system accounts, configuring access authorizations (i.e., permissions, privileges), setting events to be audited, and setting intrusion detection parameters. This requirement applies to operating systems performing security function verification/testing and/or systems and environments that require this functionality.
Check:
Verify the operating system verifies correct operation of all security functions. If it does not, this is a finding.
Verify the operating system verifies correct operation of all security functions. If it does not, this is a finding.
Fix:
Configure the operating system to verify correct operation of all security functions.
Configure the operating system to verify correct operation of all security functions.
Vuln ID:
V-56721
Rule ID:
SV-70981r1_rule
Group ID:
SRG-OS-000437-GPOS-00194
Version:
SRG-OS-000437-GPOS-00194
CCI:
CCI-002617
Severity:
Medium
Description:
Previous versions of software components that are not removed from the information system after updates have been installed may be exploited by adversaries. Some information technology products may remove older versions of software automatically from the information system.
Previous versions of software components that are not removed from the information system after updates have been installed may be exploited by adversaries. Some information technology products may remove older versions of software automatically from the information system.
Check:
Verify the operating system removes all software components after updated versions have been installed. If it does not, this is a finding.
Verify the operating system removes all software components after updated versions have been installed. If it does not, this is a finding.
Fix:
Configure the operating system to remove all software components after updated versions have been installed.
Configure the operating system to remove all software components after updated versions have been installed.
Vuln ID:
V-56723
Rule ID:
SV-70983r1_rule
Group ID:
SRG-OS-000433-GPOS-00193
Version:
SRG-OS-000433-GPOS-00193
CCI:
CCI-002824
Severity:
Medium
Description:
Some adversaries launch attacks with the intent of executing code in non-executable regions of memory or in memory locations that are prohibited. Security safeguards employed to protect memory include, for example, data execution prevention and address space layout randomization. Data execution prevention safeguards can either be hardware-enforced or software-enforced with hardware providing the greater strength of mechanism. Examples of attacks are buffer overflow attacks.
Some adversaries launch attacks with the intent of executing code in non-executable regions of memory or in memory locations that are prohibited. Security safeguards employed to protect memory include, for example, data execution prevention and address space layout randomization. Data execution prevention safeguards can either be hardware-enforced or software-enforced with hardware providing the greater strength of mechanism. Examples of attacks are buffer overflow attacks.
Check:
Verify the operating system implements address space layout randomization to protect its memory from unauthorized code execution. If it does not, this is a finding.
Verify the operating system implements address space layout randomization to protect its memory from unauthorized code execution. If it does not, this is a finding.
Fix:
Configure the operating system to implement address space layout randomization to protect its memory from unauthorized code execution.
Configure the operating system to implement address space layout randomization to protect its memory from unauthorized code execution.
Vuln ID:
V-56725
Rule ID:
SV-70985r1_rule
Group ID:
SRG-OS-000433-GPOS-00192
Version:
SRG-OS-000433-GPOS-00192
CCI:
CCI-002824
Severity:
Medium
Description:
Some adversaries launch attacks with the intent of executing code in non-executable regions of memory or in memory locations that are prohibited. Security safeguards employed to protect memory include, for example, data execution prevention and address space layout randomization. Data execution prevention safeguards can either be hardware-enforced or software-enforced with hardware providing the greater strength of mechanism. Examples of attacks are buffer overflow attacks.
Some adversaries launch attacks with the intent of executing code in non-executable regions of memory or in memory locations that are prohibited. Security safeguards employed to protect memory include, for example, data execution prevention and address space layout randomization. Data execution prevention safeguards can either be hardware-enforced or software-enforced with hardware providing the greater strength of mechanism. Examples of attacks are buffer overflow attacks.
Check:
Verify the operating system implements non-executable data to protect its memory from unauthorized code execution. If it does not, this is a finding.
Verify the operating system implements non-executable data to protect its memory from unauthorized code execution. If it does not, this is a finding.
Fix:
Configure the operating system to implement non-executable data to protect its memory from unauthorized code execution.
Configure the operating system to implement non-executable data to protect its memory from unauthorized code execution.
Vuln ID:
V-56727
Rule ID:
SV-70987r1_rule
Group ID:
SRG-OS-000432-GPOS-00191
Version:
SRG-OS-000432-GPOS-00191
CCI:
CCI-002754
Severity:
Medium
Description:
A common vulnerability of operating system is unpredictable behavior when invalid inputs are received. This requirement guards against adverse or unintended system behavior caused by invalid inputs, where information system responses to the invalid input may be disruptive or cause the system to fail into an unsafe state. The behavior will be derived from the organizational and system requirements and includes, but is not limited to, notification of the appropriate personnel, creating an audit record, and rejecting invalid input.
A common vulnerability of operating system is unpredictable behavior when invalid inputs are received. This requirement guards against adverse or unintended system behavior caused by invalid inputs, where information system responses to the invalid input may be disruptive or cause the system to fail into an unsafe state. The behavior will be derived from the organizational and system requirements and includes, but is not limited to, notification of the appropriate personnel, creating an audit record, and rejecting invalid input.
Check:
Verify the operating system behaves in a predictable and documented manner that reflects organizational and system objectives when invalid inputs are received. If it does not, this is a finding.
Verify the operating system behaves in a predictable and documented manner that reflects organizational and system objectives when invalid inputs are received. If it does not, this is a finding.
Fix:
Configure the operating system to behave in a predictable and documented manner that reflects organizational and system objectives when invalid inputs are received.
Configure the operating system to behave in a predictable and documented manner that reflects organizational and system objectives when invalid inputs are received.
Vuln ID:
V-56729
Rule ID:
SV-70989r1_rule
Group ID:
SRG-OS-000426-GPOS-00190
Version:
SRG-OS-000426-GPOS-00190
CCI:
CCI-002422
Severity:
Medium
Description:
Information can be either unintentionally or maliciously disclosed or modified during reception, including, for example, during aggregation, at protocol transformation points, and during packing/unpacking. These unauthorized disclosures or modifications compromise the confidentiality or integrity of the information. Ensuring the confidentiality of transmitted information requires the operating system to take measures in preparing information for transmission. This can be accomplished via access control and encryption. Use of this requirement will be limited to situations where the data owner has a strict requirement for ensuring data integrity and confidentiality is maintained at every step of the data transfer and handling process. When receiving data, operating systems need to leverage protection mechanisms such as TLS, SSL VPNs, or IPSec.
Information can be either unintentionally or maliciously disclosed or modified during reception, including, for example, during aggregation, at protocol transformation points, and during packing/unpacking. These unauthorized disclosures or modifications compromise the confidentiality or integrity of the information. Ensuring the confidentiality of transmitted information requires the operating system to take measures in preparing information for transmission. This can be accomplished via access control and encryption. Use of this requirement will be limited to situations where the data owner has a strict requirement for ensuring data integrity and confidentiality is maintained at every step of the data transfer and handling process. When receiving data, operating systems need to leverage protection mechanisms such as TLS, SSL VPNs, or IPSec.
Check:
Verify the operating system maintains the confidentiality and integrity of information during reception. If it does not, this is a finding.
Verify the operating system maintains the confidentiality and integrity of information during reception. If it does not, this is a finding.
Fix:
Configure the operating system to maintain the confidentiality and integrity of information during reception.
Configure the operating system to maintain the confidentiality and integrity of information during reception.
Vuln ID:
V-56731
Rule ID:
SV-70991r1_rule
Group ID:
SRG-OS-000425-GPOS-00189
Version:
SRG-OS-000425-GPOS-00189
CCI:
CCI-002420
Severity:
Medium
Description:
Information can be either unintentionally or maliciously disclosed or modified during preparation for transmission, for example, during aggregation, at protocol transformation points, and during packing/unpacking. These unauthorized disclosures or modifications compromise the confidentiality or integrity of the information. Ensuring the confidentiality of transmitted information requires the operating system to take measures in preparing information for transmission. This can be accomplished via access control and encryption. Use of this requirement will be limited to situations where the data owner has a strict requirement for ensuring data integrity and confidentiality is maintained at every step of the data transfer and handling process. When transmitting data, operating systems need to support transmission protection mechanisms such as TLS, SSL VPNs, or IPSec.
Information can be either unintentionally or maliciously disclosed or modified during preparation for transmission, for example, during aggregation, at protocol transformation points, and during packing/unpacking. These unauthorized disclosures or modifications compromise the confidentiality or integrity of the information. Ensuring the confidentiality of transmitted information requires the operating system to take measures in preparing information for transmission. This can be accomplished via access control and encryption. Use of this requirement will be limited to situations where the data owner has a strict requirement for ensuring data integrity and confidentiality is maintained at every step of the data transfer and handling process. When transmitting data, operating systems need to support transmission protection mechanisms such as TLS, SSL VPNs, or IPSec.
Check:
Verify the operating system maintains the confidentiality and integrity of information during preparation for transmission. If it does not, this is a finding.
Verify the operating system maintains the confidentiality and integrity of information during preparation for transmission. If it does not, this is a finding.
Fix:
Configure the operating system to maintain the confidentiality and integrity of information during preparation for transmission.
Configure the operating system to maintain the confidentiality and integrity of information during preparation for transmission.
Vuln ID:
V-56733
Rule ID:
SV-70993r1_rule
Group ID:
SRG-OS-000424-GPOS-00188
Version:
SRG-OS-000424-GPOS-00188
CCI:
CCI-002421
Severity:
Medium
Description:
Encrypting information for transmission protects information from unauthorized disclosure and modification. Cryptographic mechanisms implemented to protect information integrity include, for example, cryptographic hash functions which have common application in digital signatures, checksums, and message authentication codes. Use of this requirement will be limited to situations where the data owner has a strict requirement for ensuring data integrity and confidentiality is maintained at every step of the data transfer and handling process. When transmitting data, operating systems need to leverage transmission protection mechanisms such as TLS, SSL VPNs, or IPSec. Alternative physical protection measures include PDS. PDSs are used to transmit unencrypted classified National Security Information (NSI) through an area of lesser classification or control. Since the classified NSI is unencrypted, the PDS must provide adequate electrical, electromagnetic, and physical safeguards to deter exploitation.
Encrypting information for transmission protects information from unauthorized disclosure and modification. Cryptographic mechanisms implemented to protect information integrity include, for example, cryptographic hash functions which have common application in digital signatures, checksums, and message authentication codes. Use of this requirement will be limited to situations where the data owner has a strict requirement for ensuring data integrity and confidentiality is maintained at every step of the data transfer and handling process. When transmitting data, operating systems need to leverage transmission protection mechanisms such as TLS, SSL VPNs, or IPSec. Alternative physical protection measures include PDS. PDSs are used to transmit unencrypted classified National Security Information (NSI) through an area of lesser classification or control. Since the classified NSI is unencrypted, the PDS must provide adequate electrical, electromagnetic, and physical safeguards to deter exploitation.
Check:
Verify the operating system implements cryptographic mechanisms to prevent unauthorized disclosure of information and/or detect changes to information during transmission unless otherwise protected by alternative physical safeguards, such as, at a minimum, a Protected Distribution System (PDS). If it does not, this is a finding.
Verify the operating system implements cryptographic mechanisms to prevent unauthorized disclosure of information and/or detect changes to information during transmission unless otherwise protected by alternative physical safeguards, such as, at a minimum, a Protected Distribution System (PDS). If it does not, this is a finding.
Fix:
Configure the operating system to implement cryptographic mechanisms to prevent unauthorized disclosure of information and/or detect changes to information during transmission unless otherwise protected by alternative physical safeguards, such as, at a minimum, a Protected Distribution System (PDS).
Configure the operating system to implement cryptographic mechanisms to prevent unauthorized disclosure of information and/or detect changes to information during transmission unless otherwise protected by alternative physical safeguards, such as, at a minimum, a Protected Distribution System (PDS).
Vuln ID:
V-56735
Rule ID:
SV-70995r1_rule
Group ID:
SRG-OS-000423-GPOS-00187
Version:
SRG-OS-000423-GPOS-00187
CCI:
CCI-002418
Severity:
Medium
Description:
Without protection of the transmitted information, confidentiality and integrity may be compromised because unprotected communications can be intercepted and either read or altered. This requirement applies to both internal and external networks and all types of information system components from which information can be transmitted (e.g., servers, mobile devices, notebook computers, printers, copiers, scanners, and facsimile machines). Communication paths outside the physical protection of a controlled boundary are exposed to the possibility of interception and modification. Protecting the confidentiality and integrity of organizational information can be accomplished by physical means (e.g., employing physical distribution systems) or by logical means (e.g., employing cryptographic techniques). If physical means of protection are employed, then logical means (cryptography) do not have to be employed, and vice versa.
Without protection of the transmitted information, confidentiality and integrity may be compromised because unprotected communications can be intercepted and either read or altered. This requirement applies to both internal and external networks and all types of information system components from which information can be transmitted (e.g., servers, mobile devices, notebook computers, printers, copiers, scanners, and facsimile machines). Communication paths outside the physical protection of a controlled boundary are exposed to the possibility of interception and modification. Protecting the confidentiality and integrity of organizational information can be accomplished by physical means (e.g., employing physical distribution systems) or by logical means (e.g., employing cryptographic techniques). If physical means of protection are employed, then logical means (cryptography) do not have to be employed, and vice versa.
Check:
Verify the operating system protects the confidentiality and integrity of transmitted information. If it does not, this is a finding.
Verify the operating system protects the confidentiality and integrity of transmitted information. If it does not, this is a finding.
Fix:
Configure the operating system to protect the confidentiality and integrity of transmitted information.
Configure the operating system to protect the confidentiality and integrity of transmitted information.
Vuln ID:
V-56737
Rule ID:
SV-70997r1_rule
Group ID:
SRG-OS-000420-GPOS-00186
Version:
SRG-OS-000420-GPOS-00186
CCI:
CCI-002385
Severity:
Medium
Description:
DoS is a condition when a resource is not available for legitimate users. When this occurs, the organization either cannot accomplish its mission or must operate at degraded capacity. This requirement addresses the configuration of the operating system to mitigate the impact of DoS attacks that have occurred or are ongoing on system availability. For each system, known and potential DoS attacks must be identified and solutions for each type implemented. A variety of technologies exist to limit or, in some cases, eliminate the effects of DoS attacks (e.g., limiting processes or establishing memory partitions). Employing increased capacity and bandwidth, combined with service redundancy, may reduce the susceptibility to some DoS attacks.
DoS is a condition when a resource is not available for legitimate users. When this occurs, the organization either cannot accomplish its mission or must operate at degraded capacity. This requirement addresses the configuration of the operating system to mitigate the impact of DoS attacks that have occurred or are ongoing on system availability. For each system, known and potential DoS attacks must be identified and solutions for each type implemented. A variety of technologies exist to limit or, in some cases, eliminate the effects of DoS attacks (e.g., limiting processes or establishing memory partitions). Employing increased capacity and bandwidth, combined with service redundancy, may reduce the susceptibility to some DoS attacks.
Check:
Verify the operating system protects against or limits the effects of Denial of Service (DoS) attacks by ensuring the operating system is implementing rate-limiting measures on impacted network interfaces. If it does not, this is a finding.
Verify the operating system protects against or limits the effects of Denial of Service (DoS) attacks by ensuring the operating system is implementing rate-limiting measures on impacted network interfaces. If it does not, this is a finding.
Fix:
Configure the operating system to protect against or limit the effects of Denial of Service (DoS) attacks by ensuring the operating system is implementing rate-limiting measures on impacted network interfaces.
Configure the operating system to protect against or limit the effects of Denial of Service (DoS) attacks by ensuring the operating system is implementing rate-limiting measures on impacted network interfaces.
Vuln ID:
V-56739
Rule ID:
SV-70999r1_rule
Group ID:
SRG-OS-000405-GPOS-00184
Version:
SRG-OS-000405-GPOS-00184
CCI:
CCI-002476
Severity:
Medium
Description:
Operating systems handling data requiring "data at rest" protections must employ cryptographic mechanisms to prevent unauthorized disclosure and modification of the information at rest. Selection of a cryptographic mechanism is based on the need to protect the integrity of organizational information. The strength of the mechanism is commensurate with the security category and/or classification of the information. Organizations have the flexibility to either encrypt all information on storage devices (i.e., full disk encryption) or encrypt specific data structures (e.g., files, records, or fields).
Operating systems handling data requiring "data at rest" protections must employ cryptographic mechanisms to prevent unauthorized disclosure and modification of the information at rest. Selection of a cryptographic mechanism is based on the need to protect the integrity of organizational information. The strength of the mechanism is commensurate with the security category and/or classification of the information. Organizations have the flexibility to either encrypt all information on storage devices (i.e., full disk encryption) or encrypt specific data structures (e.g., files, records, or fields).
Check:
Verify the operating system implements cryptographic mechanisms to prevent unauthorized disclosure of all information at rest on all operating system components. If it does not, this is a finding.
Verify the operating system implements cryptographic mechanisms to prevent unauthorized disclosure of all information at rest on all operating system components. If it does not, this is a finding.
Fix:
Configure the operating system to implement cryptographic mechanisms to prevent unauthorized disclosure of all information at rest on all operating system components.
Configure the operating system to implement cryptographic mechanisms to prevent unauthorized disclosure of all information at rest on all operating system components.
Vuln ID:
V-56741
Rule ID:
SV-71001r1_rule
Group ID:
SRG-OS-000404-GPOS-00183
Version:
SRG-OS-000404-GPOS-00183
CCI:
CCI-002475
Severity:
Medium
Description:
Operating systems handling data requiring "data at rest" protections must employ cryptographic mechanisms to prevent unauthorized disclosure and modification of the information at rest. Selection of a cryptographic mechanism is based on the need to protect the integrity of organizational information. The strength of the mechanism is commensurate with the security category and/or classification of the information. Organizations have the flexibility to either encrypt all information on storage devices (i.e., full disk encryption) or encrypt specific data structures (e.g., files, records, or fields).
Operating systems handling data requiring "data at rest" protections must employ cryptographic mechanisms to prevent unauthorized disclosure and modification of the information at rest. Selection of a cryptographic mechanism is based on the need to protect the integrity of organizational information. The strength of the mechanism is commensurate with the security category and/or classification of the information. Organizations have the flexibility to either encrypt all information on storage devices (i.e., full disk encryption) or encrypt specific data structures (e.g., files, records, or fields).
Check:
Verify the operating system implements cryptographic mechanisms to prevent unauthorized modification of all information at rest on all operating system components. If it does not, this is a finding.
Verify the operating system implements cryptographic mechanisms to prevent unauthorized modification of all information at rest on all operating system components. If it does not, this is a finding.
Fix:
Configure the operating system to implement cryptographic mechanisms to prevent unauthorized modification of all information at rest on all operating system components.
Configure the operating system to implement cryptographic mechanisms to prevent unauthorized modification of all information at rest on all operating system components.
Vuln ID:
V-56743
Rule ID:
SV-71003r1_rule
Group ID:
SRG-OS-000078-GPOS-00046
Version:
SRG-OS-000078-GPOS-00046
CCI:
CCI-000205
Severity:
Medium
Description:
The shorter the password, the lower the number of possible combinations that need to be tested before the password is compromised. Password complexity, or strength, is a measure of the effectiveness of a password in resisting attempts at guessing and brute-force attacks. Password length is one factor of several that helps to determine strength and how long it takes to crack a password. Use of more characters in a password helps to exponentially increase the time and/or resources required to compromise the password.
The shorter the password, the lower the number of possible combinations that need to be tested before the password is compromised. Password complexity, or strength, is a measure of the effectiveness of a password in resisting attempts at guessing and brute-force attacks. Password length is one factor of several that helps to determine strength and how long it takes to crack a password. Use of more characters in a password helps to exponentially increase the time and/or resources required to compromise the password.
Check:
Verify the operating system enforces a minimum 15-character password length. If it does not, this is a finding.
Verify the operating system enforces a minimum 15-character password length. If it does not, this is a finding.
Fix:
Configure the operating system to enforce a minimum 15-character password length.
Configure the operating system to enforce a minimum 15-character password length.
Vuln ID:
V-56745
Rule ID:
SV-71005r1_rule
Group ID:
SRG-OS-000079-GPOS-00047
Version:
SRG-OS-000079-GPOS-00047
CCI:
CCI-000206
Severity:
Medium
Description:
To prevent the compromise of authentication information, such as passwords during the authentication process, the feedback from the operating system shall not provide any information allowing an unauthorized user to compromise the authentication mechanism. Obfuscation of user-provided information that is typed into the system is a method used when addressing this risk. For example, displaying asterisks when a user types in a password is an example of obscuring feedback of authentication information.
To prevent the compromise of authentication information, such as passwords during the authentication process, the feedback from the operating system shall not provide any information allowing an unauthorized user to compromise the authentication mechanism. Obfuscation of user-provided information that is typed into the system is a method used when addressing this risk. For example, displaying asterisks when a user types in a password is an example of obscuring feedback of authentication information.
Check:
Verify the operating system obscures feedback of authentication information during the authentication process to protect the information from possible exploitation/use by unauthorized individuals. If it does not, this is a finding.
Verify the operating system obscures feedback of authentication information during the authentication process to protect the information from possible exploitation/use by unauthorized individuals. If it does not, this is a finding.
Fix:
Configure the operating system to obscure feedback of authentication information during the authentication process to protect the information from possible exploitation/use by unauthorized individuals.
Configure the operating system to obscure feedback of authentication information during the authentication process to protect the information from possible exploitation/use by unauthorized individuals.
Vuln ID:
V-56747
Rule ID:
SV-71007r1_rule
Group ID:
SRG-OS-000080-GPOS-00048
Version:
SRG-OS-000080-GPOS-00048
CCI:
CCI-000213
Severity:
Medium
Description:
To mitigate the risk of unauthorized access to sensitive information by entities that have been issued certificates by DoD-approved PKIs, all DoD systems (e.g., web servers and web portals) must be properly configured to incorporate access control methods that do not rely solely on the possession of a certificate for access. Successful authentication must not automatically give an entity access to an asset or security boundary. Authorization procedures and controls must be implemented to ensure each authenticated entity also has a validated and current authorization. Authorization is the process of determining whether an entity, once authenticated, is permitted to access a specific asset. Information systems use access control policies and enforcement mechanisms to implement this requirement. Access control policies include: identity-based policies, role-based policies, and attribute-based policies. Access enforcement mechanisms include: access control lists, access control matrices, and cryptography. These policies and mechanisms must be employed by the application to control access between users (or processes acting on behalf of users) and objects (e.g., devices, files, records, processes, programs, and domains) in the information system.
To mitigate the risk of unauthorized access to sensitive information by entities that have been issued certificates by DoD-approved PKIs, all DoD systems (e.g., web servers and web portals) must be properly configured to incorporate access control methods that do not rely solely on the possession of a certificate for access. Successful authentication must not automatically give an entity access to an asset or security boundary. Authorization procedures and controls must be implemented to ensure each authenticated entity also has a validated and current authorization. Authorization is the process of determining whether an entity, once authenticated, is permitted to access a specific asset. Information systems use access control policies and enforcement mechanisms to implement this requirement. Access control policies include: identity-based policies, role-based policies, and attribute-based policies. Access enforcement mechanisms include: access control lists, access control matrices, and cryptography. These policies and mechanisms must be employed by the application to control access between users (or processes acting on behalf of users) and objects (e.g., devices, files, records, processes, programs, and domains) in the information system.
Check:
Verify the operating system enforces approved authorizations for logical access to information and system resources in accordance with applicable access control policies. If it does not, this is a finding.
Verify the operating system enforces approved authorizations for logical access to information and system resources in accordance with applicable access control policies. If it does not, this is a finding.
Fix:
Configure the operating system to enforce approved authorizations for logical access to information and system resources in accordance with applicable access control policies.
Configure the operating system to enforce approved authorizations for logical access to information and system resources in accordance with applicable access control policies.
Vuln ID:
V-56749
Rule ID:
SV-71009r1_rule
Group ID:
SRG-OS-000095-GPOS-00049
Version:
SRG-OS-000095-GPOS-00049
CCI:
CCI-000381
Severity:
Medium
Description:
It is detrimental for operating systems to provide, or install by default, functionality exceeding requirements or mission objectives. These unnecessary capabilities or services are often overlooked and therefore may remain unsecured. They increase the risk to the platform by providing additional attack vectors. Operating systems are capable of providing a wide variety of functions and services. Some of the functions and services, provided by default, may not be necessary to support essential organizational operations (e.g., key missions, functions). Examples of non-essential capabilities include, but are not limited to, games, software packages, tools, and demonstration software, not related to requirements or providing a wide array of functionality not required for every mission, but which cannot be disabled.
It is detrimental for operating systems to provide, or install by default, functionality exceeding requirements or mission objectives. These unnecessary capabilities or services are often overlooked and therefore may remain unsecured. They increase the risk to the platform by providing additional attack vectors. Operating systems are capable of providing a wide variety of functions and services. Some of the functions and services, provided by default, may not be necessary to support essential organizational operations (e.g., key missions, functions). Examples of non-essential capabilities include, but are not limited to, games, software packages, tools, and demonstration software, not related to requirements or providing a wide array of functionality not required for every mission, but which cannot be disabled.
Check:
Verify the operating system is configured to disable non-essential capabilities. If it does not, this is a finding.
Verify the operating system is configured to disable non-essential capabilities. If it does not, this is a finding.
Fix:
Configure the operating system to disable non-essential capabilities.
Configure the operating system to disable non-essential capabilities.
Vuln ID:
V-56751
Rule ID:
SV-71011r1_rule
Group ID:
SRG-OS-000096-GPOS-00050
Version:
SRG-OS-000096-GPOS-00050
CCI:
CCI-000382
Severity:
Medium
Description:
In order to prevent unauthorized connection of devices, unauthorized transfer of information, or unauthorized tunneling (i.e., embedding of data types within data types), organizations must disable or restrict unused or unnecessary physical and logical ports/protocols on information systems. Operating systems are capable of providing a wide variety of functions and services. Some of the functions and services provided by default may not be necessary to support essential organizational operations. Additionally, it is sometimes convenient to provide multiple services from a single component (e.g., VPN and IPS); however, doing so increases risk over limiting the services provided by any one component. To support the requirements and principles of least functionality, the operating system must support the organizational requirements, providing only essential capabilities and limiting the use of ports, protocols, and/or services to only those required, authorized, and approved to conduct official business or to address authorized quality of life issues.
In order to prevent unauthorized connection of devices, unauthorized transfer of information, or unauthorized tunneling (i.e., embedding of data types within data types), organizations must disable or restrict unused or unnecessary physical and logical ports/protocols on information systems. Operating systems are capable of providing a wide variety of functions and services. Some of the functions and services provided by default may not be necessary to support essential organizational operations. Additionally, it is sometimes convenient to provide multiple services from a single component (e.g., VPN and IPS); however, doing so increases risk over limiting the services provided by any one component. To support the requirements and principles of least functionality, the operating system must support the organizational requirements, providing only essential capabilities and limiting the use of ports, protocols, and/or services to only those required, authorized, and approved to conduct official business or to address authorized quality of life issues.
Check:
Verify the operating system is configured to prohibit or restrict the use of functions, ports, protocols, and/or services, as defined in the PPSM CAL and vulnerability assessments. If it does not, this is a finding.
Verify the operating system is configured to prohibit or restrict the use of functions, ports, protocols, and/or services, as defined in the PPSM CAL and vulnerability assessments. If it does not, this is a finding.
Fix:
Configure the operating system to prohibit or restrict the use of functions, ports, protocols, and/or services, as defined in the PPSM CAL and vulnerability assessments.
Configure the operating system to prohibit or restrict the use of functions, ports, protocols, and/or services, as defined in the PPSM CAL and vulnerability assessments.
Vuln ID:
V-56753
Rule ID:
SV-71013r1_rule
Group ID:
SRG-OS-000104-GPOS-00051
Version:
SRG-OS-000104-GPOS-00051
CCI:
CCI-000764
Severity:
Medium
Description:
To assure accountability and prevent unauthenticated access, organizational users must be identified and authenticated to prevent potential misuse and compromise of the system. Organizational users include organizational employees or individuals the organization deems to have equivalent status of employees (e.g., contractors). Organizational users (and processes acting on behalf of users) must be uniquely identified and authenticated to all accesses, except for the following: 1) Accesses explicitly identified and documented by the organization. Organizations document specific user actions that can be performed on the information system without identification or authentication; and 2) Accesses that occur through authorized use of group authenticators without individual authentication. Organizations may require unique identification of individuals in group accounts (e.g., shared privilege accounts) or for detailed accountability of individual activity.
To assure accountability and prevent unauthenticated access, organizational users must be identified and authenticated to prevent potential misuse and compromise of the system. Organizational users include organizational employees or individuals the organization deems to have equivalent status of employees (e.g., contractors). Organizational users (and processes acting on behalf of users) must be uniquely identified and authenticated to all accesses, except for the following: 1) Accesses explicitly identified and documented by the organization. Organizations document specific user actions that can be performed on the information system without identification or authentication; and 2) Accesses that occur through authorized use of group authenticators without individual authentication. Organizations may require unique identification of individuals in group accounts (e.g., shared privilege accounts) or for detailed accountability of individual activity.
Check:
Verify the operating system uniquely identifies and authenticates organizational users (or processes acting on behalf of organizational users). If it does not, this is a finding.
Verify the operating system uniquely identifies and authenticates organizational users (or processes acting on behalf of organizational users). If it does not, this is a finding.
Fix:
Configure the operating system to uniquely identify and authenticate organizational users (or processes acting on behalf of organizational users).
Configure the operating system to uniquely identify and authenticate organizational users (or processes acting on behalf of organizational users).
Vuln ID:
V-56755
Rule ID:
SV-71015r1_rule
Group ID:
SRG-OS-000105-GPOS-00052
Version:
SRG-OS-000105-GPOS-00052
CCI:
CCI-000765
Severity:
Medium
Description:
Without the use of multifactor authentication, the ease of access to privileged functions is greatly increased. Multifactor authentication requires using two or more factors to achieve authentication. Factors include: 1) something a user knows (e.g., password/PIN); 2) something a user has (e.g., cryptographic identification device, token); and 3) something a user is (e.g., biometric). A privileged account is defined as an information system account with authorizations of a privileged user. Network access is defined as access to an information system by a user (or a process acting on behalf of a user) communicating through a network (e.g., local area network, wide area network, or the Internet). The DoD CAC with DoD-approved PKI is an example of multifactor authentication.
Without the use of multifactor authentication, the ease of access to privileged functions is greatly increased. Multifactor authentication requires using two or more factors to achieve authentication. Factors include: 1) something a user knows (e.g., password/PIN); 2) something a user has (e.g., cryptographic identification device, token); and 3) something a user is (e.g., biometric). A privileged account is defined as an information system account with authorizations of a privileged user. Network access is defined as access to an information system by a user (or a process acting on behalf of a user) communicating through a network (e.g., local area network, wide area network, or the Internet). The DoD CAC with DoD-approved PKI is an example of multifactor authentication.
Check:
Verify the operating system uses multifactor authentication for network access to privileged accounts. If it does not, this is a finding.
Verify the operating system uses multifactor authentication for network access to privileged accounts. If it does not, this is a finding.
Fix:
Configure the operating system to use multifactor authentication for network access to privileged accounts.
Configure the operating system to use multifactor authentication for network access to privileged accounts.
Vuln ID:
V-56757
Rule ID:
SV-71017r1_rule
Group ID:
SRG-OS-000106-GPOS-00053
Version:
SRG-OS-000106-GPOS-00053
CCI:
CCI-000766
Severity:
Medium
Description:
To assure accountability and prevent unauthenticated access, non-privileged users must utilize multifactor authentication to prevent potential misuse and compromise of the system. Multifactor authentication uses two or more factors to achieve authentication. Factors include: 1) Something you know (e.g., password/PIN); 2) Something you have (e.g., cryptographic identification device, token); and 3) Something you are (e.g., biometric). A non-privileged account is any information system account with authorizations of a non-privileged user. Network access is any access to an application by a user (or process acting on behalf of a user) where said access is obtained through a network connection. The DoD CAC with DoD-approved PKI is an example of multifactor authentication.
To assure accountability and prevent unauthenticated access, non-privileged users must utilize multifactor authentication to prevent potential misuse and compromise of the system. Multifactor authentication uses two or more factors to achieve authentication. Factors include: 1) Something you know (e.g., password/PIN); 2) Something you have (e.g., cryptographic identification device, token); and 3) Something you are (e.g., biometric). A non-privileged account is any information system account with authorizations of a non-privileged user. Network access is any access to an application by a user (or process acting on behalf of a user) where said access is obtained through a network connection. The DoD CAC with DoD-approved PKI is an example of multifactor authentication.
Check:
Verify the operating system uses multifactor authentication for network access to non-privileged accounts. If it does not, this is a finding.
Verify the operating system uses multifactor authentication for network access to non-privileged accounts. If it does not, this is a finding.
Fix:
Configure the operating system to use multifactor authentication for network access to non-privileged accounts.
Configure the operating system to use multifactor authentication for network access to non-privileged accounts.
Vuln ID:
V-56759
Rule ID:
SV-71019r1_rule
Group ID:
SRG-OS-000107-GPOS-00054
Version:
SRG-OS-000107-GPOS-00054
CCI:
CCI-000767
Severity:
Medium
Description:
To assure accountability and prevent unauthenticated access, privileged users must utilize multifactor authentication to prevent potential misuse and compromise of the system. Multifactor authentication is defined as using two or more factors to achieve authentication. Factors include: 1) Something you know (e.g., password/PIN); 2) Something you have (e.g., cryptographic identification device, token); and 3) Something you are (e.g., biometric). A privileged account is defined as an operating system account with authorizations of a privileged user. Local access is defined as access to an organizational information system by a user (or process acting on behalf of a user) communicating through a direct connection without the use of a network. The DoD CAC with DoD-approved PKI is an example of multifactor authentication.
To assure accountability and prevent unauthenticated access, privileged users must utilize multifactor authentication to prevent potential misuse and compromise of the system. Multifactor authentication is defined as using two or more factors to achieve authentication. Factors include: 1) Something you know (e.g., password/PIN); 2) Something you have (e.g., cryptographic identification device, token); and 3) Something you are (e.g., biometric). A privileged account is defined as an operating system account with authorizations of a privileged user. Local access is defined as access to an organizational information system by a user (or process acting on behalf of a user) communicating through a direct connection without the use of a network. The DoD CAC with DoD-approved PKI is an example of multifactor authentication.
Check:
Verify the operating system uses multifactor authentication for local access to privileged accounts. If it does not, this is a finding.
Verify the operating system uses multifactor authentication for local access to privileged accounts. If it does not, this is a finding.
Fix:
Configure the operating system to use multifactor authentication for local access to privileged accounts.
Configure the operating system to use multifactor authentication for local access to privileged accounts.
Vuln ID:
V-56761
Rule ID:
SV-71021r1_rule
Group ID:
SRG-OS-000108-GPOS-00055
Version:
SRG-OS-000108-GPOS-00055
CCI:
CCI-000768
Severity:
Medium
Description:
To assure accountability, prevent unauthenticated access, and prevent misuse of the system, non-privileged users must utilize multifactor authentication for local access. Multifactor authentication is defined as using two or more factors to achieve authentication. Factors include: 1) Something you know (e.g., password/PIN); 2) Something you have (e.g., cryptographic identification device or token); and 3) Something you are (e.g., biometric). A non-privileged account is defined as an operating system account with authorizations of a regular or non-privileged user. Local access is defined as access to an organizational information system by a user (or process acting on behalf of a user) communicating through a direct connection without the use of a network. The DoD CAC with DoD-approved PKI is an example of multifactor authentication.
To assure accountability, prevent unauthenticated access, and prevent misuse of the system, non-privileged users must utilize multifactor authentication for local access. Multifactor authentication is defined as using two or more factors to achieve authentication. Factors include: 1) Something you know (e.g., password/PIN); 2) Something you have (e.g., cryptographic identification device or token); and 3) Something you are (e.g., biometric). A non-privileged account is defined as an operating system account with authorizations of a regular or non-privileged user. Local access is defined as access to an organizational information system by a user (or process acting on behalf of a user) communicating through a direct connection without the use of a network. The DoD CAC with DoD-approved PKI is an example of multifactor authentication.
Check:
Verify the operating system uses multifactor authentication for local access to non-privileged accounts. If it does not, this is a finding.
Verify the operating system uses multifactor authentication for local access to non-privileged accounts. If it does not, this is a finding.
Fix:
Configure the operating system to use multifactor authentication for local access to non-privileged accounts.
Configure the operating system to use multifactor authentication for local access to non-privileged accounts.
Vuln ID:
V-56763
Rule ID:
SV-71023r1_rule
Group ID:
SRG-OS-000109-GPOS-00056
Version:
SRG-OS-000109-GPOS-00056
CCI:
CCI-000770
Severity:
Medium
Description:
To assure individual accountability and prevent unauthorized access, organizational users must be individually identified and authenticated. A group authenticator is a generic account used by multiple individuals. Use of a group authenticator alone does not uniquely identify individual users. Examples of the group authenticator is the UNIX OS "root" user account, the Windows "Administrator" account, the "sa" account, or a "helpdesk" account. For example, the UNIX and Windows operating systems offer a 'switch user' capability allowing users to authenticate with their individual credentials and, when needed, 'switch' to the administrator role. This method provides for unique individual authentication prior to using a group authenticator. Users (and any processes acting on behalf of users) need to be uniquely identified and authenticated for all accesses other than those accesses explicitly identified and documented by the organization, which outlines specific user actions that can be performed on the operating system without identification or authentication. Requiring individuals to be authenticated with an individual authenticator prior to using a group authenticator allows for traceability of actions, as well as adding an additional level of protection of the actions that can be taken with group account knowledge.
To assure individual accountability and prevent unauthorized access, organizational users must be individually identified and authenticated. A group authenticator is a generic account used by multiple individuals. Use of a group authenticator alone does not uniquely identify individual users. Examples of the group authenticator is the UNIX OS "root" user account, the Windows "Administrator" account, the "sa" account, or a "helpdesk" account. For example, the UNIX and Windows operating systems offer a 'switch user' capability allowing users to authenticate with their individual credentials and, when needed, 'switch' to the administrator role. This method provides for unique individual authentication prior to using a group authenticator. Users (and any processes acting on behalf of users) need to be uniquely identified and authenticated for all accesses other than those accesses explicitly identified and documented by the organization, which outlines specific user actions that can be performed on the operating system without identification or authentication. Requiring individuals to be authenticated with an individual authenticator prior to using a group authenticator allows for traceability of actions, as well as adding an additional level of protection of the actions that can be taken with group account knowledge.
Check:
Verify the operating system requires individuals to be authenticated with an individual authenticator prior to using a group authenticator. If it does not, this is a finding.
Verify the operating system requires individuals to be authenticated with an individual authenticator prior to using a group authenticator. If it does not, this is a finding.
Fix:
Configure the operating system to require individuals to be authenticated with an individual authenticator prior to using a group authenticator.
Configure the operating system to require individuals to be authenticated with an individual authenticator prior to using a group authenticator.
Vuln ID:
V-56765
Rule ID:
SV-71025r1_rule
Group ID:
SRG-OS-000112-GPOS-00057
Version:
SRG-OS-000112-GPOS-00057
CCI:
CCI-001941
Severity:
Medium
Description:
A replay attack may enable an unauthorized user to gain access to the operating system. Authentication sessions between the authenticator and the operating system validating the user credentials must not be vulnerable to a replay attack. An authentication process resists replay attacks if it is impractical to achieve a successful authentication by recording and replaying a previous authentication message. A privileged account is any information system account with authorizations of a privileged user. Techniques used to address this include protocols using nonces (e.g., numbers generated for a specific one-time use) or challenges (e.g., TLS, WS_Security). Additional techniques include time-synchronous or challenge-response one-time authenticators.
A replay attack may enable an unauthorized user to gain access to the operating system. Authentication sessions between the authenticator and the operating system validating the user credentials must not be vulnerable to a replay attack. An authentication process resists replay attacks if it is impractical to achieve a successful authentication by recording and replaying a previous authentication message. A privileged account is any information system account with authorizations of a privileged user. Techniques used to address this include protocols using nonces (e.g., numbers generated for a specific one-time use) or challenges (e.g., TLS, WS_Security). Additional techniques include time-synchronous or challenge-response one-time authenticators.
Check:
Verify the operating system implements replay-resistant authentication mechanisms for network access to privileged accounts. If it does not, this is a finding.
Verify the operating system implements replay-resistant authentication mechanisms for network access to privileged accounts. If it does not, this is a finding.
Fix:
Configure the operating system to implement replay-resistant authentication mechanisms for network access to privileged accounts.
Configure the operating system to implement replay-resistant authentication mechanisms for network access to privileged accounts.
Vuln ID:
V-56767
Rule ID:
SV-71027r1_rule
Group ID:
SRG-OS-000113-GPOS-00058
Version:
SRG-OS-000113-GPOS-00058
CCI:
CCI-001942
Severity:
Medium
Description:
A replay attack may enable an unauthorized user to gain access to the operating system. Authentication sessions between the authenticator and the operating system validating the user credentials must not be vulnerable to a replay attack. An authentication process resists replay attacks if it is impractical to achieve a successful authentication by recording and replaying a previous authentication message. A non-privileged account is any operating system account with authorizations of a non-privileged user. Techniques used to address this include protocols using nonces (e.g., numbers generated for a specific one-time use) or challenges (e.g., TLS, WS_Security). Additional techniques include time-synchronous or challenge-response one-time authenticators.
A replay attack may enable an unauthorized user to gain access to the operating system. Authentication sessions between the authenticator and the operating system validating the user credentials must not be vulnerable to a replay attack. An authentication process resists replay attacks if it is impractical to achieve a successful authentication by recording and replaying a previous authentication message. A non-privileged account is any operating system account with authorizations of a non-privileged user. Techniques used to address this include protocols using nonces (e.g., numbers generated for a specific one-time use) or challenges (e.g., TLS, WS_Security). Additional techniques include time-synchronous or challenge-response one-time authenticators.
Check:
Verify the operating system implements replay-resistant authentication mechanisms for network access to non-privileged accounts. If it does not, this is a finding.
Verify the operating system implements replay-resistant authentication mechanisms for network access to non-privileged accounts. If it does not, this is a finding.
Fix:
Configure the operating system to implement replay-resistant authentication mechanisms for network access to non-privileged accounts.
Configure the operating system to implement replay-resistant authentication mechanisms for network access to non-privileged accounts.
Vuln ID:
V-56769
Rule ID:
SV-71029r1_rule
Group ID:
SRG-OS-000114-GPOS-00059
Version:
SRG-OS-000114-GPOS-00059
CCI:
CCI-000778
Severity:
Medium
Description:
Without identifying devices, unidentified or unknown devices may be introduced, thereby facilitating malicious activity. Peripherals include, but are not limited to, such devices as flash drives, external storage, and printers.
Without identifying devices, unidentified or unknown devices may be introduced, thereby facilitating malicious activity. Peripherals include, but are not limited to, such devices as flash drives, external storage, and printers.
Check:
Verify the operating system uniquely identifies peripherals before establishing a connection. If it does not, this is a finding.
Verify the operating system uniquely identifies peripherals before establishing a connection. If it does not, this is a finding.
Fix:
Configure the operating system to uniquely identify peripherals before establishing a connection.
Configure the operating system to uniquely identify peripherals before establishing a connection.
Vuln ID:
V-56771
Rule ID:
SV-71031r1_rule
Group ID:
SRG-OS-000118-GPOS-00060
Version:
SRG-OS-000118-GPOS-00060
CCI:
CCI-000795
Severity:
Medium
Description:
Inactive identifiers pose a risk to systems and applications because attackers may exploit an inactive identifier and potentially obtain undetected access to the system. Owners of inactive accounts will not notice if unauthorized access to their user account has been obtained. Operating systems need to track periods of inactivity and disable application identifiers after 35 days of inactivity.
Inactive identifiers pose a risk to systems and applications because attackers may exploit an inactive identifier and potentially obtain undetected access to the system. Owners of inactive accounts will not notice if unauthorized access to their user account has been obtained. Operating systems need to track periods of inactivity and disable application identifiers after 35 days of inactivity.
Check:
Verify the operating system disables account identifiers (individuals, groups, roles, and devices) after 35 days of inactivity. If it does not, this is a finding.
Verify the operating system disables account identifiers (individuals, groups, roles, and devices) after 35 days of inactivity. If it does not, this is a finding.
Fix:
Configure the operating system to disable account identifiers (individuals, groups, roles, and devices) after 35 days of inactivity.
Configure the operating system to disable account identifiers (individuals, groups, roles, and devices) after 35 days of inactivity.
Vuln ID:
V-56773
Rule ID:
SV-71033r1_rule
Group ID:
SRG-OS-000403-GPOS-00182
Version:
SRG-OS-000403-GPOS-00182
CCI:
CCI-002470
Severity:
Medium
Description:
Untrusted Certificate Authorities (CA) can issue certificates, but they may be issued by organizations or individuals that seek to compromise DoD systems or by organizations with insufficient security controls. If the CA used for verifying the certificate is not a DoD-approved CA, trust of this CA has not been established. The DoD will only accept PKI-certificates obtained from a DoD-approved internal or external certificate authority. Reliance on CAs for the establishment of secure sessions includes, for example, the use of SSL/TLS certificates.
Untrusted Certificate Authorities (CA) can issue certificates, but they may be issued by organizations or individuals that seek to compromise DoD systems or by organizations with insufficient security controls. If the CA used for verifying the certificate is not a DoD-approved CA, trust of this CA has not been established. The DoD will only accept PKI-certificates obtained from a DoD-approved internal or external certificate authority. Reliance on CAs for the establishment of secure sessions includes, for example, the use of SSL/TLS certificates.
Check:
Verify the operating system only allows the use of DoD PKI-established certificate authorities for verification of the establishment of protected sessions. If it does not, this is a finding.
Verify the operating system only allows the use of DoD PKI-established certificate authorities for verification of the establishment of protected sessions. If it does not, this is a finding.
Fix:
Configure the operating system to only allow the use of DoD PKI-established certificate authorities for verification of the establishment of protected sessions.
Configure the operating system to only allow the use of DoD PKI-established certificate authorities for verification of the establishment of protected sessions.
Vuln ID:
V-56775
Rule ID:
SV-71035r1_rule
Group ID:
SRG-OS-000402-GPOS-00181
Version:
SRG-OS-000402-GPOS-00181
CCI:
CCI-002468
Severity:
Medium
Description:
If data origin authentication and data integrity verification are not performed, the resultant response could be forged, it may have come from a poisoned cache, the packets could have been intercepted without the resolver's knowledge, or resource records could have been removed which would result in query failure or denial of service. Data origin authentication verification must be performed to thwart these types of attacks. Each client of name resolution services either performs this validation on its own or has authenticated channels to trusted validation providers. Information systems that provide name and address resolution services for local clients include, for example, recursive resolving or caching Domain Name System (DNS) servers. DNS client resolvers either perform validation of DNSSEC signatures, or clients use authenticated channels to recursive resolvers that perform such validations. This is not applicable if DNSSEC is not implemented on the local network.
If data origin authentication and data integrity verification are not performed, the resultant response could be forged, it may have come from a poisoned cache, the packets could have been intercepted without the resolver's knowledge, or resource records could have been removed which would result in query failure or denial of service. Data origin authentication verification must be performed to thwart these types of attacks. Each client of name resolution services either performs this validation on its own or has authenticated channels to trusted validation providers. Information systems that provide name and address resolution services for local clients include, for example, recursive resolving or caching Domain Name System (DNS) servers. DNS client resolvers either perform validation of DNSSEC signatures, or clients use authenticated channels to recursive resolvers that perform such validations. This is not applicable if DNSSEC is not implemented on the local network.
Check:
Verify the operating system performs data origin verification authentication on the name/address resolution responses the system receives from authoritative sources. If it does not, this is a finding.
Verify the operating system performs data origin verification authentication on the name/address resolution responses the system receives from authoritative sources. If it does not, this is a finding.
Fix:
Configure the operating system to perform data origin verification authentication on the name/address resolution responses the system receives from authoritative sources.
Configure the operating system to perform data origin verification authentication on the name/address resolution responses the system receives from authoritative sources.
Vuln ID:
V-56777
Rule ID:
SV-71037r1_rule
Group ID:
SRG-OS-000401-GPOS-00180
Version:
SRG-OS-000401-GPOS-00180
CCI:
CCI-002467
Severity:
Medium
Description:
If data origin authentication and data integrity verification are not performed, the resultant response could be forged, it may have come from a poisoned cache, the packets could have been intercepted without the resolver's knowledge, or resource records could have been removed which would result in query failure or denial of service. Data integrity verification must be performed to thwart these types of attacks. Each client of name resolution services either performs this validation on its own or has authenticated channels to trusted validation providers. Information systems that provide name and address resolution services for local clients include, for example, recursive resolving or caching Domain Name System (DNS) servers. DNS client resolvers either perform validation of DNSSEC signatures, or clients use authenticated channels to recursive resolvers that perform such validations. This is not applicable if DNSSEC is not implemented on the local network.
If data origin authentication and data integrity verification are not performed, the resultant response could be forged, it may have come from a poisoned cache, the packets could have been intercepted without the resolver's knowledge, or resource records could have been removed which would result in query failure or denial of service. Data integrity verification must be performed to thwart these types of attacks. Each client of name resolution services either performs this validation on its own or has authenticated channels to trusted validation providers. Information systems that provide name and address resolution services for local clients include, for example, recursive resolving or caching Domain Name System (DNS) servers. DNS client resolvers either perform validation of DNSSEC signatures, or clients use authenticated channels to recursive resolvers that perform such validations. This is not applicable if DNSSEC is not implemented on the local network.
Check:
Verify the operating system performs data integrity verification on the name/address resolution responses the system receives from authoritative sources. If it does not, this is a finding.
Verify the operating system performs data integrity verification on the name/address resolution responses the system receives from authoritative sources. If it does not, this is a finding.
Fix:
Configure the operating system to perform data integrity verification on the name/address resolution responses the system receives from authoritative sources.
Configure the operating system to perform data integrity verification on the name/address resolution responses the system receives from authoritative sources.
Vuln ID:
V-56779
Rule ID:
SV-71039r1_rule
Group ID:
SRG-OS-000400-GPOS-00179
Version:
SRG-OS-000400-GPOS-00179
CCI:
CCI-002466
Severity:
Medium
Description:
If data origin authentication and data integrity verification are not performed, the resultant response could be forged, it may have come from a poisoned cache, the packets could have been intercepted without the resolver's knowledge, or resource records could have been removed which would result in query failure or denial of service. Data integrity verification must be performed to thwart these types of attacks. Each client of name resolution services either performs this validation on its own or has authenticated channels to trusted validation providers. Information systems that provide name and address resolution services for local clients include, for example, recursive resolving or caching Domain Name System (DNS) servers. DNS client resolvers either perform validation of DNSSEC signatures, or clients use authenticated channels to recursive resolvers that perform such validations. This is not applicable if DNSSEC is not implemented on the local network.
If data origin authentication and data integrity verification are not performed, the resultant response could be forged, it may have come from a poisoned cache, the packets could have been intercepted without the resolver's knowledge, or resource records could have been removed which would result in query failure or denial of service. Data integrity verification must be performed to thwart these types of attacks. Each client of name resolution services either performs this validation on its own or has authenticated channels to trusted validation providers. Information systems that provide name and address resolution services for local clients include, for example, recursive resolving or caching Domain Name System (DNS) servers. DNS client resolvers either perform validation of DNSSEC signatures, or clients use authenticated channels to recursive resolvers that perform such validations. This is not applicable if DNSSEC is not implemented on the local network.
Check:
Verify the operating system requests data integrity verification on the name/address resolution responses the system receives from authoritative sources. If it does not, this is a finding.
Verify the operating system requests data integrity verification on the name/address resolution responses the system receives from authoritative sources. If it does not, this is a finding.
Fix:
Configure the operating system to request data integrity verification on the name/address resolution responses the system receives from authoritative sources.
Configure the operating system to request data integrity verification on the name/address resolution responses the system receives from authoritative sources.
Vuln ID:
V-56781
Rule ID:
SV-71041r1_rule
Group ID:
SRG-OS-000399-GPOS-00178
Version:
SRG-OS-000399-GPOS-00178
CCI:
CCI-002465
Severity:
Medium
Description:
If data origin authentication and data integrity verification are not performed, the resultant response could be forged, it may have come from a poisoned cache, the packets could have been intercepted without the resolver's knowledge, or resource records could have been removed, which would result in query failure or DoS. Data origin authentication must be performed to thwart these types of attacks. Each client of name resolution services either performs this validation on its own or has authenticated channels to trusted validation providers. Information systems that provide name and address resolution services for local clients include, for example, recursive resolving or caching Domain Name System (DNS) servers. DNS client resolvers either perform validation of DNSSEC signatures, or clients use authenticated channels to recursive resolvers that perform such validations. Information systems that use technologies other than the DNS to map between host/service names and network addresses provide other means to enable clients to verify the authenticity of response data. This is not applicable if DNSSEC is not implemented on the local network.
If data origin authentication and data integrity verification are not performed, the resultant response could be forged, it may have come from a poisoned cache, the packets could have been intercepted without the resolver's knowledge, or resource records could have been removed, which would result in query failure or DoS. Data origin authentication must be performed to thwart these types of attacks. Each client of name resolution services either performs this validation on its own or has authenticated channels to trusted validation providers. Information systems that provide name and address resolution services for local clients include, for example, recursive resolving or caching Domain Name System (DNS) servers. DNS client resolvers either perform validation of DNSSEC signatures, or clients use authenticated channels to recursive resolvers that perform such validations. Information systems that use technologies other than the DNS to map between host/service names and network addresses provide other means to enable clients to verify the authenticity of response data. This is not applicable if DNSSEC is not implemented on the local network.
Check:
Verify the operating system requests data origin authentication verification on the name/address resolution responses the system receives from authoritative sources. If it does not, this is a finding.
Verify the operating system requests data origin authentication verification on the name/address resolution responses the system receives from authoritative sources. If it does not, this is a finding.
Fix:
Configure the operating system to request data origin authentication verification on the name/address resolution responses the system receives from authoritative sources.
Configure the operating system to request data origin authentication verification on the name/address resolution responses the system receives from authoritative sources.
Vuln ID:
V-56783
Rule ID:
SV-71043r1_rule
Group ID:
SRG-OS-000396-GPOS-00176
Version:
SRG-OS-000396-GPOS-00176
CCI:
CCI-002450
Severity:
Medium
Description:
Use of weak or untested encryption algorithms undermines the purposes of utilizing encryption to protect data. The operating system must implement cryptographic modules adhering to the higher standards approved by the federal government since this provides assurance they have been tested and validated.
Use of weak or untested encryption algorithms undermines the purposes of utilizing encryption to protect data. The operating system must implement cryptographic modules adhering to the higher standards approved by the federal government since this provides assurance they have been tested and validated.
Check:
Verify the operating system implements NSA-approved cryptography to protect classified information in accordance with applicable federal laws, Executive Orders, directives, policies, regulations, and standards. If it does not, this is a finding.
Verify the operating system implements NSA-approved cryptography to protect classified information in accordance with applicable federal laws, Executive Orders, directives, policies, regulations, and standards. If it does not, this is a finding.
Fix:
Configure the operating system to implement NSA-approved cryptography to protect classified information in accordance with applicable federal laws, Executive Orders, directives, policies, regulations, and standards.
Configure the operating system to implement NSA-approved cryptography to protect classified information in accordance with applicable federal laws, Executive Orders, directives, policies, regulations, and standards.
Vuln ID:
V-56785
Rule ID:
SV-71045r1_rule
Group ID:
SRG-OS-000120-GPOS-00061
Version:
SRG-OS-000120-GPOS-00061
CCI:
CCI-000803
Severity:
Medium
Description:
Unapproved mechanisms that are used for authentication to the cryptographic module are not verified and therefore cannot be relied upon to provide confidentiality or integrity, and DoD data may be compromised. Operating systems utilizing encryption are required to use FIPS-compliant mechanisms for authenticating to cryptographic modules. FIPS 140-2 is the current standard for validating that mechanisms used to access cryptographic modules utilize authentication that meets DoD requirements. This allows for Security Levels 1, 2, 3, or 4 for use on a general purpose computing system.
Unapproved mechanisms that are used for authentication to the cryptographic module are not verified and therefore cannot be relied upon to provide confidentiality or integrity, and DoD data may be compromised. Operating systems utilizing encryption are required to use FIPS-compliant mechanisms for authenticating to cryptographic modules. FIPS 140-2 is the current standard for validating that mechanisms used to access cryptographic modules utilize authentication that meets DoD requirements. This allows for Security Levels 1, 2, 3, or 4 for use on a general purpose computing system.
Check:
Verify the operating system uses mechanisms meeting the requirements of applicable federal laws, Executive orders, directives, policies, regulations, standards, and guidance for authentication to a cryptographic module. If it does not, this is a finding.
Verify the operating system uses mechanisms meeting the requirements of applicable federal laws, Executive orders, directives, policies, regulations, standards, and guidance for authentication to a cryptographic module. If it does not, this is a finding.
Fix:
Configure the operating system to use mechanisms meeting the requirements of applicable federal laws, Executive orders, directives, policies, regulations, standards, and guidance for authentication to a cryptographic module.
Configure the operating system to use mechanisms meeting the requirements of applicable federal laws, Executive orders, directives, policies, regulations, standards, and guidance for authentication to a cryptographic module.
Vuln ID:
V-56787
Rule ID:
SV-71047r1_rule
Group ID:
SRG-OS-000395-GPOS-00175
Version:
SRG-OS-000395-GPOS-00175
CCI:
CCI-002891
Severity:
Medium
Description:
If the remote connection is not closed and verified as closed, the session may remain open and be exploited by an attacker; this is referred to as a zombie session. Remote connections must be disconnected and verified as disconnected when nonlocal maintenance sessions have been terminated and are no longer available for use.
If the remote connection is not closed and verified as closed, the session may remain open and be exploited by an attacker; this is referred to as a zombie session. Remote connections must be disconnected and verified as disconnected when nonlocal maintenance sessions have been terminated and are no longer available for use.
Check:
Verify the operating system verifies remote disconnection at the termination of nonlocal maintenance and diagnostic sessions, when used for nonlocal maintenance sessions. If it does not, this is a finding.
Verify the operating system verifies remote disconnection at the termination of nonlocal maintenance and diagnostic sessions, when used for nonlocal maintenance sessions. If it does not, this is a finding.
Fix:
Configure the operating system to verify remote disconnection at the termination of nonlocal maintenance and diagnostic sessions, when used for nonlocal maintenance sessions.
Configure the operating system to verify remote disconnection at the termination of nonlocal maintenance and diagnostic sessions, when used for nonlocal maintenance sessions.
Vuln ID:
V-56789
Rule ID:
SV-71049r1_rule
Group ID:
SRG-OS-000394-GPOS-00174
Version:
SRG-OS-000394-GPOS-00174
CCI:
CCI-003123
Severity:
Medium
Description:
Privileged access contains control and configuration information and is particularly sensitive, so additional protections are necessary. This is maintained by using cryptographic mechanisms such as encryption to protect confidentiality. Nonlocal maintenance and diagnostic activities are those activities conducted by individuals communicating through a network, either an external network (e.g., the Internet) or an internal network. Local maintenance and diagnostic activities are those activities carried out by individuals physically present at the information system or information system component and not communicating across a network connection. This requirement applies to hardware/software diagnostic test equipment or tools. This requirement does not cover hardware/software components that may support information system maintenance, yet are a part of the system (e.g., the software implementing "ping," "ls," "ipconfig," or the hardware and software implementing the monitoring port of an Ethernet switch). The operating system can meet this requirement through leveraging a cryptographic module.
Privileged access contains control and configuration information and is particularly sensitive, so additional protections are necessary. This is maintained by using cryptographic mechanisms such as encryption to protect confidentiality. Nonlocal maintenance and diagnostic activities are those activities conducted by individuals communicating through a network, either an external network (e.g., the Internet) or an internal network. Local maintenance and diagnostic activities are those activities carried out by individuals physically present at the information system or information system component and not communicating across a network connection. This requirement applies to hardware/software diagnostic test equipment or tools. This requirement does not cover hardware/software components that may support information system maintenance, yet are a part of the system (e.g., the software implementing "ping," "ls," "ipconfig," or the hardware and software implementing the monitoring port of an Ethernet switch). The operating system can meet this requirement through leveraging a cryptographic module.
Check:
Verify the operating system implements cryptographic mechanisms to protect the confidentiality of nonlocal maintenance and diagnostic communications, when used for nonlocal maintenance sessions. If it does not, this is a finding.
Verify the operating system implements cryptographic mechanisms to protect the confidentiality of nonlocal maintenance and diagnostic communications, when used for nonlocal maintenance sessions. If it does not, this is a finding.
Fix:
Configure the operating system to implement cryptographic mechanisms to protect the confidentiality of nonlocal maintenance and diagnostic communications, when used for nonlocal maintenance sessions.
Configure the operating system to implement cryptographic mechanisms to protect the confidentiality of nonlocal maintenance and diagnostic communications, when used for nonlocal maintenance sessions.
Vuln ID:
V-56791
Rule ID:
SV-71051r1_rule
Group ID:
SRG-OS-000121-GPOS-00062
Version:
SRG-OS-000121-GPOS-00062
CCI:
CCI-000804
Severity:
Medium
Description:
Lack of authentication and identification enables non-organizational users to gain access to the application or possibly other information systems and provides an opportunity for intruders to compromise resources within the application or information system. Non-organizational users include all information system users other than organizational users, which include organizational employees or individuals the organization deems to have equivalent status of an employee (e.g., contractors and guest researchers). Non-organizational users shall be uniquely identified and authenticated for all accesses other than those accesses explicitly identified and documented by the organization when related to the use of anonymous access.
Lack of authentication and identification enables non-organizational users to gain access to the application or possibly other information systems and provides an opportunity for intruders to compromise resources within the application or information system. Non-organizational users include all information system users other than organizational users, which include organizational employees or individuals the organization deems to have equivalent status of an employee (e.g., contractors and guest researchers). Non-organizational users shall be uniquely identified and authenticated for all accesses other than those accesses explicitly identified and documented by the organization when related to the use of anonymous access.
Check:
Verify the operating system uniquely identifies and authenticates non-organizational users (or processes acting on behalf of non-organizational users). If it does not, this is a finding.
Verify the operating system uniquely identifies and authenticates non-organizational users (or processes acting on behalf of non-organizational users). If it does not, this is a finding.
Fix:
Configure the operating system to uniquely identify and authenticate non-organizational users (or processes acting on behalf of non-organizational users).
Configure the operating system to uniquely identify and authenticate non-organizational users (or processes acting on behalf of non-organizational users).
Vuln ID:
V-56793
Rule ID:
SV-71053r1_rule
Group ID:
SRG-OS-000393-GPOS-00173
Version:
SRG-OS-000393-GPOS-00173
CCI:
CCI-002890
Severity:
Medium
Description:
Privileged access contains control and configuration information and is particularly sensitive, so additional protections are necessary. This is maintained by using cryptographic mechanisms, such as a hash function or digital signature, to protect integrity. Nonlocal maintenance and diagnostic activities are those activities conducted by individuals communicating through a network, either an external network (e.g., the Internet) or an internal network. Local maintenance and diagnostic activities are those activities carried out by individuals physically present at the information system or information system component and not communicating across a network connection. The operating system can meet this requirement through leveraging a cryptographic module. This requirement does not cover hardware/software components that may support information system maintenance, yet are a part of the system (e.g., the software implementing "ping," "ls," "ipconfig," or the hardware and software implementing the monitoring port of an Ethernet switch).
Privileged access contains control and configuration information and is particularly sensitive, so additional protections are necessary. This is maintained by using cryptographic mechanisms, such as a hash function or digital signature, to protect integrity. Nonlocal maintenance and diagnostic activities are those activities conducted by individuals communicating through a network, either an external network (e.g., the Internet) or an internal network. Local maintenance and diagnostic activities are those activities carried out by individuals physically present at the information system or information system component and not communicating across a network connection. The operating system can meet this requirement through leveraging a cryptographic module. This requirement does not cover hardware/software components that may support information system maintenance, yet are a part of the system (e.g., the software implementing "ping," "ls," "ipconfig," or the hardware and software implementing the monitoring port of an Ethernet switch).
Check:
Verify the operating system implements cryptographic mechanisms to protect the integrity of nonlocal maintenance and diagnostic communications, when used for nonlocal maintenance sessions. If it does not, this is a finding.
Verify the operating system implements cryptographic mechanisms to protect the integrity of nonlocal maintenance and diagnostic communications, when used for nonlocal maintenance sessions. If it does not, this is a finding.
Fix:
Configure the operating system to implement cryptographic mechanisms to protect the integrity of nonlocal maintenance and diagnostic communications, when used for nonlocal maintenance sessions.
Configure the operating system to implement cryptographic mechanisms to protect the integrity of nonlocal maintenance and diagnostic communications, when used for nonlocal maintenance sessions.
Vuln ID:
V-56795
Rule ID:
SV-71055r1_rule
Group ID:
SRG-OS-000392-GPOS-00172
Version:
SRG-OS-000392-GPOS-00172
CCI:
CCI-002884
Severity:
Medium
Description:
If events associated with nonlocal administrative access or diagnostic sessions are not logged, a major tool for assessing and investigating attacks would not be available. This requirement addresses auditing-related issues associated with maintenance tools used specifically for diagnostic and repair actions on organizational information systems. Nonlocal maintenance and diagnostic activities are those activities conducted by individuals communicating through a network, either an external network (e.g., the Internet) or an internal network. Local maintenance and diagnostic activities are those activities carried out by individuals physically present at the information system or information system component and not communicating across a network connection. This requirement applies to hardware/software diagnostic test equipment or tools. This requirement does not cover hardware/software components that may support information system maintenance, yet are a part of the system, for example, the software implementing "ping," "ls," "ipconfig," or the hardware and software implementing the monitoring port of an Ethernet switch.
If events associated with nonlocal administrative access or diagnostic sessions are not logged, a major tool for assessing and investigating attacks would not be available. This requirement addresses auditing-related issues associated with maintenance tools used specifically for diagnostic and repair actions on organizational information systems. Nonlocal maintenance and diagnostic activities are those activities conducted by individuals communicating through a network, either an external network (e.g., the Internet) or an internal network. Local maintenance and diagnostic activities are those activities carried out by individuals physically present at the information system or information system component and not communicating across a network connection. This requirement applies to hardware/software diagnostic test equipment or tools. This requirement does not cover hardware/software components that may support information system maintenance, yet are a part of the system, for example, the software implementing "ping," "ls," "ipconfig," or the hardware and software implementing the monitoring port of an Ethernet switch.
Check:
Verify the operating system audits all activities performed during nonlocal maintenance and diagnostic sessions. If it does not, this is a finding.
Verify the operating system audits all activities performed during nonlocal maintenance and diagnostic sessions. If it does not, this is a finding.
Fix:
Configure the operating system to audit all activities performed during nonlocal maintenance and diagnostic sessions.
Configure the operating system to audit all activities performed during nonlocal maintenance and diagnostic sessions.
Vuln ID:
V-56797
Rule ID:
SV-71057r1_rule
Group ID:
SRG-OS-000384-GPOS-00167
Version:
SRG-OS-000384-GPOS-00167
CCI:
CCI-001991
Severity:
Medium
Description:
Without configuring a local cache of revocation data, there is the potential to allow access to users who are no longer authorized (users with revoked certificates).
Without configuring a local cache of revocation data, there is the potential to allow access to users who are no longer authorized (users with revoked certificates).
Check:
Verify the operating system, for PKI-based authentication, implements a local cache of revocation data to support path discovery and validation in case of the inability to access revocation information via the network. If it does not, this is a finding.
Verify the operating system, for PKI-based authentication, implements a local cache of revocation data to support path discovery and validation in case of the inability to access revocation information via the network. If it does not, this is a finding.
Fix:
Configure the operating system, for PKI-based authentication, to implement a local cache of revocation data to support path discovery and validation in case of the inability to access revocation information via the network.
Configure the operating system, for PKI-based authentication, to implement a local cache of revocation data to support path discovery and validation in case of the inability to access revocation information via the network.
Vuln ID:
V-56799
Rule ID:
SV-71059r1_rule
Group ID:
SRG-OS-000122-GPOS-00063
Version:
SRG-OS-000122-GPOS-00063
CCI:
CCI-001876
Severity:
Medium
Description:
The ability to generate on-demand reports, including after the audit data has been subjected to audit reduction, greatly facilitates the organization's ability to generate incident reports as needed to better handle larger-scale or more complex security incidents. Audit reduction is a process that manipulates collected audit information and organizes such information in a summary format that is more meaningful to analysts. The report generation capability provided by the application must support on-demand (i.e., customizable, ad hoc, and as-needed) reports.
The ability to generate on-demand reports, including after the audit data has been subjected to audit reduction, greatly facilitates the organization's ability to generate incident reports as needed to better handle larger-scale or more complex security incidents. Audit reduction is a process that manipulates collected audit information and organizes such information in a summary format that is more meaningful to analysts. The report generation capability provided by the application must support on-demand (i.e., customizable, ad hoc, and as-needed) reports.
Check:
Verify the operating system provides an audit reduction capability that supports on-demand reporting requirements. If it does not, this is a finding.
Verify the operating system provides an audit reduction capability that supports on-demand reporting requirements. If it does not, this is a finding.
Fix:
Configure the operating system to provide an audit reduction capability that supports on-demand reporting requirements.
Configure the operating system to provide an audit reduction capability that supports on-demand reporting requirements.
Vuln ID:
V-56801
Rule ID:
SV-71061r1_rule
Group ID:
SRG-OS-000383-GPOS-00166
Version:
SRG-OS-000383-GPOS-00166
CCI:
CCI-002007
Severity:
Medium
Description:
If cached authentication information is out-of-date, the validity of the authentication information may be questionable.
If cached authentication information is out-of-date, the validity of the authentication information may be questionable.
Check:
Verify the operating system prohibits the use of cached authenticators after one day. If it does not, this is a finding.
Verify the operating system prohibits the use of cached authenticators after one day. If it does not, this is a finding.
Fix:
Configure the operating system to prohibit the use of cached authenticators after one day.
Configure the operating system to prohibit the use of cached authenticators after one day.
Vuln ID:
V-56803
Rule ID:
SV-71063r1_rule
Group ID:
SRG-OS-000380-GPOS-00165
Version:
SRG-OS-000380-GPOS-00165
CCI:
CCI-002041
Severity:
Medium
Description:
Without providing this capability, an account may be created without a password. Non-repudiation cannot be guaranteed once an account is created if a user is not forced to change the temporary password upon initial logon. Temporary passwords are typically used to allow access when new accounts are created or passwords are changed. It is common practice for administrators to create temporary passwords for user accounts which allow the users to log on, yet force them to change the password once they have successfully authenticated.
Without providing this capability, an account may be created without a password. Non-repudiation cannot be guaranteed once an account is created if a user is not forced to change the temporary password upon initial logon. Temporary passwords are typically used to allow access when new accounts are created or passwords are changed. It is common practice for administrators to create temporary passwords for user accounts which allow the users to log on, yet force them to change the password once they have successfully authenticated.
Check:
Verify the operating system allows the use of a temporary password for system logons with an immediate change to a permanent password. If it does not, this is a finding.
Verify the operating system allows the use of a temporary password for system logons with an immediate change to a permanent password. If it does not, this is a finding.
Fix:
Configure the operating system to allow the use of a temporary password for system logons with an immediate change to a permanent password.
Configure the operating system to allow the use of a temporary password for system logons with an immediate change to a permanent password.
Vuln ID:
V-56805
Rule ID:
SV-71065r2_rule
Group ID:
SRG-OS-000123-GPOS-00064
Version:
SRG-OS-000123-GPOS-00064
CCI:
CCI-001682
Severity:
Medium
Description:
Emergency accounts are privileged accounts that are established in response to crisis situations where the need for rapid account activation is required. Therefore, emergency account activation may bypass normal account authorization processes. If these accounts are automatically disabled, system maintenance during emergencies may not be possible, thus adversely affecting system availability. Emergency accounts are different from infrequently used accounts (i.e., local logon accounts used by the organization's system administrators when network or normal logon/access is not available). Infrequently used accounts are not subject to automatic termination dates. Emergency accounts are accounts created in response to crisis situations, usually for use by maintenance personnel. The automatic expiration or disabling time period may be extended as needed until the crisis is resolved; however, it must not be extended indefinitely. A permanent account should be established for privileged users who need long-term maintenance accounts. To address access requirements, many operating systems can be integrated with enterprise-level authentication/access mechanisms that meet or exceed access control policy requirements.
Emergency accounts are privileged accounts that are established in response to crisis situations where the need for rapid account activation is required. Therefore, emergency account activation may bypass normal account authorization processes. If these accounts are automatically disabled, system maintenance during emergencies may not be possible, thus adversely affecting system availability. Emergency accounts are different from infrequently used accounts (i.e., local logon accounts used by the organization's system administrators when network or normal logon/access is not available). Infrequently used accounts are not subject to automatic termination dates. Emergency accounts are accounts created in response to crisis situations, usually for use by maintenance personnel. The automatic expiration or disabling time period may be extended as needed until the crisis is resolved; however, it must not be extended indefinitely. A permanent account should be established for privileged users who need long-term maintenance accounts. To address access requirements, many operating systems can be integrated with enterprise-level authentication/access mechanisms that meet or exceed access control policy requirements.
Check:
Verify the operating system is configured such that emergency administrator accounts are never automatically removed or disabled. If it is not, this is a finding.
Verify the operating system is configured such that emergency administrator accounts are automatically removed or disabled within 72 hours. If it is not, this is a finding.
Fix:
Configure the operating system such that emergency administrator accounts are never automatically removed or disabled.
Configure the operating system such that emergency administrator accounts are automatically removed or disabled within 72 hours.
Vuln ID:
V-56807
Rule ID:
SV-71067r1_rule
Group ID:
SRG-OS-000379-GPOS-00164
Version:
SRG-OS-000379-GPOS-00164
CCI:
CCI-001967
Severity:
Medium
Description:
Without authenticating devices, unidentified or unknown devices may be introduced, thereby facilitating malicious activity. Bidirectional authentication provides stronger safeguards to validate the identity of other devices for connections that are of greater risk. Bidirectional authentication solutions include, but are not limited to, IEEE 802.1x and Extensible Authentication Protocol [EAP], RADIUS server with EAP-Transport Layer Security [TLS] authentication, Kerberos, and SSL mutual authentication. A local connection is any connection with a device communicating without the use of a network. A network connection is any connection with a device that communicates through a network (e.g., local area network, wide area network, or the Internet). A remote connection is any connection with a device communicating through an external network (e.g., the Internet). Because of the challenges of applying this requirement on a large scale, organizations are encouraged to only apply this requirement to those limited number (and type) of devices that truly need to support this capability.
Without authenticating devices, unidentified or unknown devices may be introduced, thereby facilitating malicious activity. Bidirectional authentication provides stronger safeguards to validate the identity of other devices for connections that are of greater risk. Bidirectional authentication solutions include, but are not limited to, IEEE 802.1x and Extensible Authentication Protocol [EAP], RADIUS server with EAP-Transport Layer Security [TLS] authentication, Kerberos, and SSL mutual authentication. A local connection is any connection with a device communicating without the use of a network. A network connection is any connection with a device that communicates through a network (e.g., local area network, wide area network, or the Internet). A remote connection is any connection with a device communicating through an external network (e.g., the Internet). Because of the challenges of applying this requirement on a large scale, organizations are encouraged to only apply this requirement to those limited number (and type) of devices that truly need to support this capability.
Check:
Verify the operating system authenticates all endpoint devices before establishing a local, remote, and/or network connection using bidirectional authentication that is cryptographically based. If it does not, this is a finding.
Verify the operating system authenticates all endpoint devices before establishing a local, remote, and/or network connection using bidirectional authentication that is cryptographically based. If it does not, this is a finding.
Fix:
Configure the operating system to authenticate all endpoint devices before establishing a local, remote, and/or network connection using bidirectional authentication that is cryptographically based.
Configure the operating system to authenticate all endpoint devices before establishing a local, remote, and/or network connection using bidirectional authentication that is cryptographically based.
Vuln ID:
V-56809
Rule ID:
SV-71069r1_rule
Group ID:
SRG-OS-000378-GPOS-00163
Version:
SRG-OS-000378-GPOS-00163
CCI:
CCI-001958
Severity:
Medium
Description:
Without authenticating devices, unidentified or unknown devices may be introduced, thereby facilitating malicious activity. Peripherals include, but are not limited to, such devices as flash drives, external storage, and printers.
Without authenticating devices, unidentified or unknown devices may be introduced, thereby facilitating malicious activity. Peripherals include, but are not limited to, such devices as flash drives, external storage, and printers.
Check:
Verify the operating system authenticates peripherals before establishing a connection. If it does not, this is a finding.
Verify the operating system authenticates peripherals before establishing a connection. If it does not, this is a finding.
Fix:
Configure the operating system to authenticate peripherals before establishing a connection.
Configure the operating system to authenticate peripherals before establishing a connection.
Vuln ID:
V-56811
Rule ID:
SV-71071r1_rule
Group ID:
SRG-OS-000125-GPOS-00065
Version:
SRG-OS-000125-GPOS-00065
CCI:
CCI-000877
Severity:
Medium
Description:
If maintenance tools are used by unauthorized personnel, they may accidentally or intentionally damage or compromise the system. The act of managing systems and applications includes the ability to access sensitive application information, such as system configuration details, diagnostic information, user information, and potentially sensitive application data. Some maintenance and test tools are either standalone devices with their own operating systems or are applications bundled with an operating system. Nonlocal maintenance and diagnostic activities are those activities conducted by individuals communicating through a network, either an external network (e.g., the Internet) or an internal network. Local maintenance and diagnostic activities are those activities carried out by individuals physically present at the information system or information system component and not communicating across a network connection. Typically, strong authentication requires authenticators that are resistant to replay attacks and employ multifactor authentication. Strong authenticators include, for example, PKI where certificates are stored on a token protected by a password, passphrase, or biometric.
If maintenance tools are used by unauthorized personnel, they may accidentally or intentionally damage or compromise the system. The act of managing systems and applications includes the ability to access sensitive application information, such as system configuration details, diagnostic information, user information, and potentially sensitive application data. Some maintenance and test tools are either standalone devices with their own operating systems or are applications bundled with an operating system. Nonlocal maintenance and diagnostic activities are those activities conducted by individuals communicating through a network, either an external network (e.g., the Internet) or an internal network. Local maintenance and diagnostic activities are those activities carried out by individuals physically present at the information system or information system component and not communicating across a network connection. Typically, strong authentication requires authenticators that are resistant to replay attacks and employ multifactor authentication. Strong authenticators include, for example, PKI where certificates are stored on a token protected by a password, passphrase, or biometric.
Check:
Verify the operating system employs strong authenticators in the establishment of nonlocal maintenance and diagnostic sessions. If it does not, this is a finding.
Verify the operating system employs strong authenticators in the establishment of nonlocal maintenance and diagnostic sessions. If it does not, this is a finding.
Fix:
Configure the operating system to employ strong authenticators in the establishment of nonlocal maintenance and diagnostic sessions.
Configure the operating system to employ strong authenticators in the establishment of nonlocal maintenance and diagnostic sessions.
Vuln ID:
V-56813
Rule ID:
SV-71073r1_rule
Group ID:
SRG-OS-000377-GPOS-00162
Version:
SRG-OS-000377-GPOS-00162
CCI:
CCI-001954
Severity:
Medium
Description:
The use of PIV credentials facilitates standardization and reduces the risk of unauthorized access. DoD has mandated the use of the CAC to support identity management and personal authentication for systems covered under Homeland Security Presidential Directive (HSPD) 12, as well as making the CAC a primary component of layered protection for national security systems.
The use of PIV credentials facilitates standardization and reduces the risk of unauthorized access. DoD has mandated the use of the CAC to support identity management and personal authentication for systems covered under Homeland Security Presidential Directive (HSPD) 12, as well as making the CAC a primary component of layered protection for national security systems.
Check:
Verify the operating system electronically verifies Personal Identity Verification (PIV) credentials. If it does not, this is a finding.
Verify the operating system electronically verifies Personal Identity Verification (PIV) credentials. If it does not, this is a finding.
Fix:
Configure the operating system to electronically verify Personal Identity Verification (PIV) credentials.
Configure the operating system to electronically verify Personal Identity Verification (PIV) credentials.
Vuln ID:
V-56815
Rule ID:
SV-71075r1_rule
Group ID:
SRG-OS-000376-GPOS-00161
Version:
SRG-OS-000376-GPOS-00161
CCI:
CCI-001953
Severity:
Medium
Description:
The use of PIV credentials facilitates standardization and reduces the risk of unauthorized access. DoD has mandated the use of the CAC to support identity management and personal authentication for systems covered under Homeland Security Presidential Directive (HSPD) 12, as well as making the CAC a primary component of layered protection for national security systems.
The use of PIV credentials facilitates standardization and reduces the risk of unauthorized access. DoD has mandated the use of the CAC to support identity management and personal authentication for systems covered under Homeland Security Presidential Directive (HSPD) 12, as well as making the CAC a primary component of layered protection for national security systems.
Check:
Verify the operating system accepts Personal Identity Verification (PIV) credentials. If it does not, this is a finding.
Verify the operating system accepts Personal Identity Verification (PIV) credentials. If it does not, this is a finding.
Fix:
Configure the operating system to accept Personal Identity Verification (PIV) credentials.
Configure the operating system to accept Personal Identity Verification (PIV) credentials.
Vuln ID:
V-56817
Rule ID:
SV-71077r1_rule
Group ID:
SRG-OS-000375-GPOS-00160
Version:
SRG-OS-000375-GPOS-00160
CCI:
CCI-001948
Severity:
Medium
Description:
Using an authentication device, such as a CAC or token that is separate from the information system, ensures that even if the information system is compromised, that compromise will not affect credentials stored on the authentication device. Multifactor solutions that require devices separate from information systems gaining access include, for example, hardware tokens providing time-based or challenge-response authenticators and smart cards such as the U.S. Government Personal Identity Verification card and the DoD Common Access Card. A privileged account is defined as an information system account with authorizations of a privileged user. Remote access is access to DoD nonpublic information systems by an authorized user (or an information system) communicating through an external, non-organization-controlled network. Remote access methods include, for example, dial-up, broadband, and wireless. This requirement only applies to components where this is specific to the function of the device or has the concept of an organizational user (e.g., VPN, proxy capability). This does not apply to authentication for the purpose of configuring the device itself (management). Requires further clarification from NIST.
Using an authentication device, such as a CAC or token that is separate from the information system, ensures that even if the information system is compromised, that compromise will not affect credentials stored on the authentication device. Multifactor solutions that require devices separate from information systems gaining access include, for example, hardware tokens providing time-based or challenge-response authenticators and smart cards such as the U.S. Government Personal Identity Verification card and the DoD Common Access Card. A privileged account is defined as an information system account with authorizations of a privileged user. Remote access is access to DoD nonpublic information systems by an authorized user (or an information system) communicating through an external, non-organization-controlled network. Remote access methods include, for example, dial-up, broadband, and wireless. This requirement only applies to components where this is specific to the function of the device or has the concept of an organizational user (e.g., VPN, proxy capability). This does not apply to authentication for the purpose of configuring the device itself (management). Requires further clarification from NIST.
Check:
Verify the operating system implements multifactor authentication for remote access to privileged accounts in such a way that one of the factors is provided by a device separate from the system gaining access. If it does not, this is a finding.
Verify the operating system implements multifactor authentication for remote access to privileged accounts in such a way that one of the factors is provided by a device separate from the system gaining access. If it does not, this is a finding.
Fix:
Configure the operating system to implement multifactor authentication for remote access to privileged accounts in such a way that one of the factors is provided by a device separate from the system gaining access.
Configure the operating system to implement multifactor authentication for remote access to privileged accounts in such a way that one of the factors is provided by a device separate from the system gaining access.
Vuln ID:
V-56823
Rule ID:
SV-71083r1_rule
Group ID:
SRG-OS-000374-GPOS-00159
Version:
SRG-OS-000374-GPOS-00159
CCI:
CCI-002039
Severity:
Medium
Description:
Without re-authentication, devices may access resources or perform tasks for which they do not have authorization. When operating systems provide the capability to change device authenticators, it is critical the device re-authenticate.
Without re-authentication, devices may access resources or perform tasks for which they do not have authorization. When operating systems provide the capability to change device authenticators, it is critical the device re-authenticate.
Check:
Verify the operating system requires devices to re-authenticate when changing authenticators. If it does not, this is a finding.
Verify the operating system requires devices to re-authenticate when changing authenticators. If it does not, this is a finding.
Fix:
Configure the operating system to require devices to re-authenticate when changing authenticators.
Configure the operating system to require devices to re-authenticate when changing authenticators.
Vuln ID:
V-56827
Rule ID:
SV-71087r1_rule
Group ID:
SRG-OS-000373-GPOS-00158
Version:
SRG-OS-000373-GPOS-00158
CCI:
CCI-002038
Severity:
Medium
Description:
Without re-authentication, users may access resources or perform tasks for which they do not have authorization. When operating systems provide the capability to change user authenticators, it is critical the user re-authenticate.
Without re-authentication, users may access resources or perform tasks for which they do not have authorization. When operating systems provide the capability to change user authenticators, it is critical the user re-authenticate.
Check:
Verify the operating system requires users to re-authenticate when changing authenticators. If it does not, this is a finding.
Verify the operating system requires users to re-authenticate when changing authenticators. If it does not, this is a finding.
Fix:
Configure the operating system to require users to re-authenticate when changing authenticators.
Configure the operating system to require users to re-authenticate when changing authenticators.
Vuln ID:
V-56829
Rule ID:
SV-71089r1_rule
Group ID:
SRG-OS-000126-GPOS-00066
Version:
SRG-OS-000126-GPOS-00066
CCI:
CCI-000879
Severity:
Medium
Description:
If a maintenance session or connection remains open after maintenance is completed, it may be hijacked by an attacker and used to compromise or damage the system. Some maintenance and test tools are either standalone devices with their own operating systems or are applications bundled with an operating system. Nonlocal maintenance and diagnostic activities are those activities conducted by individuals communicating through a network, either an external network (e.g., the Internet) or an internal network. Local maintenance and diagnostic activities are those activities carried out by individuals physically present at the information system or information system component and not communicating across a network connection.
If a maintenance session or connection remains open after maintenance is completed, it may be hijacked by an attacker and used to compromise or damage the system. Some maintenance and test tools are either standalone devices with their own operating systems or are applications bundled with an operating system. Nonlocal maintenance and diagnostic activities are those activities conducted by individuals communicating through a network, either an external network (e.g., the Internet) or an internal network. Local maintenance and diagnostic activities are those activities carried out by individuals physically present at the information system or information system component and not communicating across a network connection.
Check:
Verify the operating system terminates all sessions and network connections related to nonlocal maintenance when nonlocal maintenance is completed. If it does not, this is a finding.
Verify the operating system terminates all sessions and network connections related to nonlocal maintenance when nonlocal maintenance is completed. If it does not, this is a finding.
Fix:
Configure the operating system to terminate all sessions and network connections related to nonlocal maintenance when nonlocal maintenance is completed.
Configure the operating system to terminate all sessions and network connections related to nonlocal maintenance when nonlocal maintenance is completed.
Vuln ID:
V-56831
Rule ID:
SV-71091r1_rule
Group ID:
SRG-OS-000373-GPOS-00157
Version:
SRG-OS-000373-GPOS-00157
CCI:
CCI-002038
Severity:
Medium
Description:
Without re-authentication, users may access resources or perform tasks for which they do not have authorization. When operating systems provide the capability to change security roles, it is critical the user re-authenticate.
Without re-authentication, users may access resources or perform tasks for which they do not have authorization. When operating systems provide the capability to change security roles, it is critical the user re-authenticate.
Check:
Verify the operating system requires users to re-authenticate when changing roles. If it does not, this is a finding.
Verify the operating system requires users to re-authenticate when changing roles. If it does not, this is a finding.
Fix:
Configure the operating system to require users to re-authenticate when changing roles.
Configure the operating system to require users to re-authenticate when changing roles.
Vuln ID:
V-56835
Rule ID:
SV-71095r1_rule
Group ID:
SRG-OS-000132-GPOS-00067
Version:
SRG-OS-000132-GPOS-00067
CCI:
CCI-001082
Severity:
Medium
Description:
Operating system management functionality includes functions necessary for administration and requires privileged user access. Allowing non-privileged users to access operating system management functionality capabilities increases the risk that non-privileged users may obtain elevated privileges. Operating system management functionality includes functions necessary to administer console, network components, workstations, or servers and typically requires privileged user access. The separation of user functionality from information system management functionality is either physical or logical and is accomplished by using different computers, different central processing units, different instances of the operating system, different network addresses, different TCP/UDP ports, virtualization techniques, combinations of these methods, or other methods, as appropriate. An example of this type of separation is observed in web administrative interfaces that use separate authentication methods for users of any other information system resources. This may include isolating the administrative interface on a different security domain and with additional access controls.
Operating system management functionality includes functions necessary for administration and requires privileged user access. Allowing non-privileged users to access operating system management functionality capabilities increases the risk that non-privileged users may obtain elevated privileges. Operating system management functionality includes functions necessary to administer console, network components, workstations, or servers and typically requires privileged user access. The separation of user functionality from information system management functionality is either physical or logical and is accomplished by using different computers, different central processing units, different instances of the operating system, different network addresses, different TCP/UDP ports, virtualization techniques, combinations of these methods, or other methods, as appropriate. An example of this type of separation is observed in web administrative interfaces that use separate authentication methods for users of any other information system resources. This may include isolating the administrative interface on a different security domain and with additional access controls.
Check:
Verify the operating system separates user functionality (including user interface services) from operating system management functionality. If it does not, this is a finding.
Verify the operating system separates user functionality (including user interface services) from operating system management functionality. If it does not, this is a finding.
Fix:
Configure the operating system to separate user functionality (including user interface services) from operating system management functionality.
Configure the operating system to separate user functionality (including user interface services) from operating system management functionality.
Vuln ID:
V-56837
Rule ID:
SV-71097r1_rule
Group ID:
SRG-OS-000373-GPOS-00156
Version:
SRG-OS-000373-GPOS-00156
CCI:
CCI-002038
Severity:
Medium
Description:
Without re-authentication, users may access resources or perform tasks for which they do not have authorization. When operating systems provide the capability to escalate a functional capability, it is critical the user re-authenticate.
Without re-authentication, users may access resources or perform tasks for which they do not have authorization. When operating systems provide the capability to escalate a functional capability, it is critical the user re-authenticate.
Check:
Verify the operating system requires users to re-authenticate for privilege escalation. If it does not, this is a finding.
Verify the operating system requires users to re-authenticate for privilege escalation. If it does not, this is a finding.
Fix:
Configure the operating system to require users to re-authenticate for privilege escalation.
Configure the operating system to require users to re-authenticate for privilege escalation.
Vuln ID:
V-56841
Rule ID:
SV-71101r2_rule
Group ID:
SRG-OS-000370-GPOS-00155
Version:
SRG-OS-000370-GPOS-00155
CCI:
CCI-001774
Severity:
Medium
Description:
Utilizing a whitelist provides a configuration management method for allowing the execution of only authorized software. Using only authorized software decreases risk by limiting the number of potential vulnerabilities. The organization must identify authorized software programs and permit execution of authorized software. The process used to identify software programs that are authorized to execute on organizational information systems is commonly referred to as whitelisting. Verification of white-listed software occurs prior to execution or at system startup. This requirement applies to operating system programs, functions, and services designed to manage system processes and configurations (e.g., group policies).
Utilizing a whitelist provides a configuration management method for allowing the execution of only authorized software. Using only authorized software decreases risk by limiting the number of potential vulnerabilities. The organization must identify authorized software programs and permit execution of authorized software. The process used to identify software programs that are authorized to execute on organizational information systems is commonly referred to as whitelisting. Verification of white-listed software occurs prior to execution or at system startup. This requirement applies to operating system programs, functions, and services designed to manage system processes and configurations (e.g., group policies).
Check:
Verify the operating system employs a deny-all, permit-by-exception policy to allow the execution of authorized software programs. If it does not, this is a finding.
Verify the operating system employs a deny-all, permit-by-exception policy to allow the execution of authorized software programs. If it does not, this is a finding.
Fix:
Configure the operating system to employ a deny-all, permit-by-exception policy to allow the execution of authorized software programs.
Configure the operating system to employ a deny-all, permit-by-exception policy to allow the execution of authorized software programs.
Vuln ID:
V-56843
Rule ID:
SV-71103r1_rule
Group ID:
SRG-OS-000134-GPOS-00068
Version:
SRG-OS-000134-GPOS-00068
CCI:
CCI-001084
Severity:
Medium
Description:
An isolation boundary provides access control and protects the integrity of the hardware, software, and firmware that perform security functions. Security functions are the hardware, software, and/or firmware of the information system responsible for enforcing the system security policy and supporting the isolation of code and data on which the protection is based. Operating systems implement code separation (i.e., separation of security functions from nonsecurity functions) in a number of ways, including through the provision of security kernels via processor rings or processor modes. For non-kernel code, security function isolation is often achieved through file system protections that serve to protect the code on disk and address space protections that protect executing code. Developers and implementers can increase the assurance in security functions by employing well-defined security policy models; structured, disciplined, and rigorous hardware and software development techniques; and sound system/security engineering principles. Implementation may include isolation of memory space and libraries. Operating systems restrict access to security functions through the use of access control mechanisms and by implementing least privilege capabilities.
An isolation boundary provides access control and protects the integrity of the hardware, software, and firmware that perform security functions. Security functions are the hardware, software, and/or firmware of the information system responsible for enforcing the system security policy and supporting the isolation of code and data on which the protection is based. Operating systems implement code separation (i.e., separation of security functions from nonsecurity functions) in a number of ways, including through the provision of security kernels via processor rings or processor modes. For non-kernel code, security function isolation is often achieved through file system protections that serve to protect the code on disk and address space protections that protect executing code. Developers and implementers can increase the assurance in security functions by employing well-defined security policy models; structured, disciplined, and rigorous hardware and software development techniques; and sound system/security engineering principles. Implementation may include isolation of memory space and libraries. Operating systems restrict access to security functions through the use of access control mechanisms and by implementing least privilege capabilities.
Check:
Verify the operating system isolates security functions from nonsecurity functions. If it does not, this is a finding.
Verify the operating system isolates security functions from nonsecurity functions. If it does not, this is a finding.
Fix:
Configure the operating system to isolate security functions from nonsecurity functions.
Configure the operating system to isolate security functions from nonsecurity functions.
Vuln ID:
V-56845
Rule ID:
SV-71105r1_rule
Group ID:
SRG-OS-000368-GPOS-00154
Version:
SRG-OS-000368-GPOS-00154
CCI:
CCI-001764
Severity:
Medium
Description:
Control of program execution is a mechanism used to prevent execution of unauthorized programs. Some operating systems may provide a capability that runs counter to the mission or provides users with functionality that exceeds mission requirements. This includes functions and services installed at the operating system-level. Some of the programs, installed by default, may be harmful or may not be necessary to support essential organizational operations (e.g., key missions, functions). Removal of executable programs is not always possible; therefore, establishing a method of preventing program execution is critical to maintaining a secure system baseline. Methods for complying with this requirement include restricting execution of programs in certain environments, while preventing execution in other environments; or limiting execution of certain program functionality based on organization-defined criteria (e.g., privileges, subnets, sandboxed environments, or roles).
Control of program execution is a mechanism used to prevent execution of unauthorized programs. Some operating systems may provide a capability that runs counter to the mission or provides users with functionality that exceeds mission requirements. This includes functions and services installed at the operating system-level. Some of the programs, installed by default, may be harmful or may not be necessary to support essential organizational operations (e.g., key missions, functions). Removal of executable programs is not always possible; therefore, establishing a method of preventing program execution is critical to maintaining a secure system baseline. Methods for complying with this requirement include restricting execution of programs in certain environments, while preventing execution in other environments; or limiting execution of certain program functionality based on organization-defined criteria (e.g., privileges, subnets, sandboxed environments, or roles).
Check:
Verify the operating system prevents program execution in accordance with local policies regarding software program usage and restrictions and/or rules authorizing the terms and conditions of software program usage. If it does not, this is a finding.
Verify the operating system prevents program execution in accordance with local policies regarding software program usage and restrictions and/or rules authorizing the terms and conditions of software program usage. If it does not, this is a finding.
Fix:
Configure the operating system to prevent program execution in accordance with local policies regarding software program usage and restrictions and/or rules authorizing the terms and conditions of software program usage.
Configure the operating system to prevent program execution in accordance with local policies regarding software program usage and restrictions and/or rules authorizing the terms and conditions of software program usage.
Vuln ID:
V-56849
Rule ID:
SV-71109r1_rule
Group ID:
SRG-OS-000366-GPOS-00153
Version:
SRG-OS-000366-GPOS-00153
CCI:
CCI-001749
Severity:
Medium
Description:
Changes to any software components can have significant effects on the overall security of the operating system. This requirement ensures the software has not been tampered with and that it has been provided by a trusted vendor. Accordingly, patches, service packs, device drivers, or operating system components must be signed with a certificate recognized and approved by the organization. Verifying the authenticity of the software prior to installation validates the integrity of the patch or upgrade received from a vendor. This ensures the software has not been tampered with and that it has been provided by a trusted vendor. Self-signed certificates are disallowed by this requirement. The operating system should not have to verify the software again. This requirement does not mandate DoD certificates for this purpose; however, the certificate used to verify the software must be from an approved CA.
Changes to any software components can have significant effects on the overall security of the operating system. This requirement ensures the software has not been tampered with and that it has been provided by a trusted vendor. Accordingly, patches, service packs, device drivers, or operating system components must be signed with a certificate recognized and approved by the organization. Verifying the authenticity of the software prior to installation validates the integrity of the patch or upgrade received from a vendor. This ensures the software has not been tampered with and that it has been provided by a trusted vendor. Self-signed certificates are disallowed by this requirement. The operating system should not have to verify the software again. This requirement does not mandate DoD certificates for this purpose; however, the certificate used to verify the software must be from an approved CA.
Check:
Verify the operating system prevents the installation of patches, service packs, device drivers, or operating system components without verification they have been digitally signed using a certificate that is recognized and approved by the organization. If it does not, this is a finding.
Verify the operating system prevents the installation of patches, service packs, device drivers, or operating system components without verification they have been digitally signed using a certificate that is recognized and approved by the organization. If it does not, this is a finding.
Fix:
Configure the operating system to prevent the installation of patches, service packs, device drivers, or operating system components without verification they have been digitally signed using a certificate that is recognized and approved by the organization.
Configure the operating system to prevent the installation of patches, service packs, device drivers, or operating system components without verification they have been digitally signed using a certificate that is recognized and approved by the organization.
Vuln ID:
V-56851
Rule ID:
SV-71111r1_rule
Group ID:
SRG-OS-000365-GPOS-00152
Version:
SRG-OS-000365-GPOS-00152
CCI:
CCI-001814
Severity:
Medium
Description:
Without auditing the enforcement of access restrictions against changes to the application configuration, it will be difficult to identify attempted attacks and an audit trail will not be available for forensic investigation for after-the-fact actions. Enforcement actions are the methods or mechanisms used to prevent unauthorized changes to configuration settings. Enforcement action methods may be as simple as denying access to a file based on the application of file permissions (access restriction). Audit items may consist of lists of actions blocked by access restrictions or changes identified after the fact.
Without auditing the enforcement of access restrictions against changes to the application configuration, it will be difficult to identify attempted attacks and an audit trail will not be available for forensic investigation for after-the-fact actions. Enforcement actions are the methods or mechanisms used to prevent unauthorized changes to configuration settings. Enforcement action methods may be as simple as denying access to a file based on the application of file permissions (access restriction). Audit items may consist of lists of actions blocked by access restrictions or changes identified after the fact.
Check:
Verify the operating system audits the enforcement actions used to restrict access associated with changes to the system. If it does not, this is a finding.
Verify the operating system audits the enforcement actions used to restrict access associated with changes to the system. If it does not, this is a finding.
Fix:
Configure the operating system to audit the enforcement actions used to restrict access associated with changes to the system.
Configure the operating system to audit the enforcement actions used to restrict access associated with changes to the system.
Vuln ID:
V-56853
Rule ID:
SV-71113r1_rule
Group ID:
SRG-OS-000138-GPOS-00069
Version:
SRG-OS-000138-GPOS-00069
CCI:
CCI-001090
Severity:
Medium
Description:
Preventing unauthorized information transfers mitigates the risk of information, including encrypted representations of information, produced by the actions of prior users/roles (or the actions of processes acting on behalf of prior users/roles) from being available to any current users/roles (or current processes) that obtain access to shared system resources (e.g., registers, main memory, hard disks) after those resources have been released back to information systems. The control of information in shared resources is also commonly referred to as object reuse and residual information protection. This requirement generally applies to the design of an information technology product, but it can also apply to the configuration of particular information system components that are, or use, such products. This can be verified by acceptance/validation processes in DoD or other government agencies. There may be shared resources with configurable protections (e.g., files in storage) that may be assessed on specific information system components.
Preventing unauthorized information transfers mitigates the risk of information, including encrypted representations of information, produced by the actions of prior users/roles (or the actions of processes acting on behalf of prior users/roles) from being available to any current users/roles (or current processes) that obtain access to shared system resources (e.g., registers, main memory, hard disks) after those resources have been released back to information systems. The control of information in shared resources is also commonly referred to as object reuse and residual information protection. This requirement generally applies to the design of an information technology product, but it can also apply to the configuration of particular information system components that are, or use, such products. This can be verified by acceptance/validation processes in DoD or other government agencies. There may be shared resources with configurable protections (e.g., files in storage) that may be assessed on specific information system components.
Check:
Verify operating systems prevents unauthorized and unintended information transfer via shared system resources. If it does not, this is a finding.
Verify operating systems prevents unauthorized and unintended information transfer via shared system resources. If it does not, this is a finding.
Fix:
Configure operating systems to prevent unauthorized and unintended information transfer via shared system resources.
Configure operating systems to prevent unauthorized and unintended information transfer via shared system resources.
Vuln ID:
V-56861
Rule ID:
SV-71121r1_rule
Group ID:
SRG-OS-000142-GPOS-00071
Version:
SRG-OS-000142-GPOS-00071
CCI:
CCI-001095
Severity:
Medium
Description:
DoS is a condition when a resource is not available for legitimate users. When this occurs, the organization either cannot accomplish its mission or must operate at degraded capacity. Managing excess capacity ensures that sufficient capacity is available to counter flooding attacks. Employing increased capacity and service redundancy may reduce the susceptibility to some DoS attacks. Managing excess capacity may include, for example, establishing selected usage priorities, quotas, or partitioning.
DoS is a condition when a resource is not available for legitimate users. When this occurs, the organization either cannot accomplish its mission or must operate at degraded capacity. Managing excess capacity ensures that sufficient capacity is available to counter flooding attacks. Employing increased capacity and service redundancy may reduce the susceptibility to some DoS attacks. Managing excess capacity may include, for example, establishing selected usage priorities, quotas, or partitioning.
Check:
Verify the operating system manages excess capacity, bandwidth, or other redundancy to limit the effects of information flooding types of Denial of Service (DoS) attacks. If it does not, this is a finding.
Verify the operating system manages excess capacity, bandwidth, or other redundancy to limit the effects of information flooding types of Denial of Service (DoS) attacks. If it does not, this is a finding.
Fix:
Configure the operating system to manage excess capacity, bandwidth, or other redundancy to limit the effects of information flooding types of Denial of Service (DoS) attacks.
Configure the operating system to manage excess capacity, bandwidth, or other redundancy to limit the effects of information flooding types of Denial of Service (DoS) attacks.
Vuln ID:
V-56865
Rule ID:
SV-71125r1_rule
Group ID:
SRG-OS-000163-GPOS-00072
Version:
SRG-OS-000163-GPOS-00072
CCI:
CCI-001133
Severity:
Medium
Description:
Terminating an idle session within a short time period reduces the window of opportunity for unauthorized personnel to take control of a management session enabled on the console or console port that has been left unattended. In addition, quickly terminating an idle session will also free up resources committed by the managed network element. Terminating network connections associated with communications sessions includes, for example, de-allocating associated TCP/IP address/port pairs at the operating system level, and de-allocating networking assignments at the application level if multiple application sessions are using a single operating system-level network connection. This does not mean that the operating system terminates all sessions or network access; it only ends the inactive session and releases the resources associated with that session.
Terminating an idle session within a short time period reduces the window of opportunity for unauthorized personnel to take control of a management session enabled on the console or console port that has been left unattended. In addition, quickly terminating an idle session will also free up resources committed by the managed network element. Terminating network connections associated with communications sessions includes, for example, de-allocating associated TCP/IP address/port pairs at the operating system level, and de-allocating networking assignments at the application level if multiple application sessions are using a single operating system-level network connection. This does not mean that the operating system terminates all sessions or network access; it only ends the inactive session and releases the resources associated with that session.
Check:
Verify the operating system terminates all network connections associated with a communications session at the end of the session, or as follows: for in-band management sessions (privileged sessions), the session must be terminated after 10 minutes of inactivity; and for user sessions (non-privileged session), the session must be terminated after 15 minutes of inactivity, except to fulfill documented and validated mission requirements. If it does not, this is a finding.
Verify the operating system terminates all network connections associated with a communications session at the end of the session, or as follows: for in-band management sessions (privileged sessions), the session must be terminated after 10 minutes of inactivity; and for user sessions (non-privileged session), the session must be terminated after 15 minutes of inactivity, except to fulfill documented and validated mission requirements. If it does not, this is a finding.
Fix:
Configure the operating system to terminate all network connections associated with a communications session at the end of the session, or as follows: for in-band management sessions (privileged sessions), the session must be terminated after 10 minutes of inactivity; and for user sessions (non-privileged session), the session must be terminated after 15 minutes of inactivity, except to fulfill documented and validated mission requirements.
Configure the operating system to terminate all network connections associated with a communications session at the end of the session, or as follows: for in-band management sessions (privileged sessions), the session must be terminated after 10 minutes of inactivity; and for user sessions (non-privileged session), the session must be terminated after 15 minutes of inactivity, except to fulfill documented and validated mission requirements.
Vuln ID:
V-56869
Rule ID:
SV-71129r1_rule
Group ID:
SRG-OS-000184-GPOS-00078
Version:
SRG-OS-000184-GPOS-00078
CCI:
CCI-001190
Severity:
Medium
Description:
Failure to a known safe state helps prevent systems from failing to a state that may cause loss of data or unauthorized access to system resources. Operating systems that fail suddenly and with no incorporated failure state planning may leave the system available but with a reduced security protection capability. Preserving operating system state information also facilitates system restart and return to the operational mode of the organization with less disruption to mission-essential processes. Abort refers to stopping a program or function before it has finished naturally. The term abort refers to both requested and unexpected terminations.
Failure to a known safe state helps prevent systems from failing to a state that may cause loss of data or unauthorized access to system resources. Operating systems that fail suddenly and with no incorporated failure state planning may leave the system available but with a reduced security protection capability. Preserving operating system state information also facilitates system restart and return to the operational mode of the organization with less disruption to mission-essential processes. Abort refers to stopping a program or function before it has finished naturally. The term abort refers to both requested and unexpected terminations.
Check:
Verify the operating system fails to a secure state if system initialization fails, shutdown fails, or aborts fail. If it does not, this is a finding.
Verify the operating system fails to a secure state if system initialization fails, shutdown fails, or aborts fail. If it does not, this is a finding.
Fix:
Configure the operating system to fail to a secure state if system initialization fails, shutdown fails, or aborts fail.
Configure the operating system to fail to a secure state if system initialization fails, shutdown fails, or aborts fail.
Vuln ID:
V-56877
Rule ID:
SV-71137r1_rule
Group ID:
SRG-OS-000185-GPOS-00079
Version:
SRG-OS-000185-GPOS-00079
CCI:
CCI-001199
Severity:
Medium
Description:
Information at rest refers to the state of information when it is located on a secondary storage device (e.g., disk drive and tape drive, when used for backups) within an operating system. This requirement addresses protection of user-generated data, as well as operating system-specific configuration data. Organizations may choose to employ different mechanisms to achieve confidentiality and integrity protections, as appropriate, in accordance with the security category and/or classification of the information.
Information at rest refers to the state of information when it is located on a secondary storage device (e.g., disk drive and tape drive, when used for backups) within an operating system. This requirement addresses protection of user-generated data, as well as operating system-specific configuration data. Organizations may choose to employ different mechanisms to achieve confidentiality and integrity protections, as appropriate, in accordance with the security category and/or classification of the information.
Check:
Verify the operating system protects the confidentiality and integrity of all information at rest. If it does not, this is a finding.
Verify the operating system protects the confidentiality and integrity of all information at rest. If it does not, this is a finding.
Fix:
Configure the operating system to protect the confidentiality and integrity of all information at rest.
Configure the operating system to protect the confidentiality and integrity of all information at rest.
Vuln ID:
V-56883
Rule ID:
SV-71143r1_rule
Group ID:
SRG-OS-000191-GPOS-00080
Version:
SRG-OS-000191-GPOS-00080
CCI:
CCI-001233
Severity:
Medium
Description:
Without the use of automated mechanisms to scan for security flaws on a continuous and/or periodic basis, the operating system or other system components may remain vulnerable to the exploits presented by undetected software flaws. To support this requirement, the operating system may have an integrated solution incorporating continuous scanning using HBSS and periodic scanning using other tools, as specified in the requirement.
Without the use of automated mechanisms to scan for security flaws on a continuous and/or periodic basis, the operating system or other system components may remain vulnerable to the exploits presented by undetected software flaws. To support this requirement, the operating system may have an integrated solution incorporating continuous scanning using HBSS and periodic scanning using other tools, as specified in the requirement.
Check:
Verify the operating system employs automated mechanisms to determine the state of system components with regard to flaw remediation using the following frequency: continuously, where HBSS is used; 30 days, for any additional internal network scans not covered by HBSS; and annually, for external scans by Computer Network Defense Service Provider (CNDSP). If it does not, this is a finding.
Verify the operating system employs automated mechanisms to determine the state of system components with regard to flaw remediation using the following frequency: continuously, where HBSS is used; 30 days, for any additional internal network scans not covered by HBSS; and annually, for external scans by Computer Network Defense Service Provider (CNDSP). If it does not, this is a finding.
Fix:
Configure the operating system to employ automated mechanisms to determine the state of system components with regard to flaw remediation using the following frequency: continuously, where HBSS is used; 30 days, for any additional internal network scans not covered by HBSS; and annually, for external scans by Computer Network Defense Service Provider (CNDSP).
Configure the operating system to employ automated mechanisms to determine the state of system components with regard to flaw remediation using the following frequency: continuously, where HBSS is used; 30 days, for any additional internal network scans not covered by HBSS; and annually, for external scans by Computer Network Defense Service Provider (CNDSP).
Vuln ID:
V-56887
Rule ID:
SV-71147r1_rule
Group ID:
SRG-OS-000205-GPOS-00083
Version:
SRG-OS-000205-GPOS-00083
CCI:
CCI-001312
Severity:
Medium
Description:
Any operating system providing too much information in error messages risks compromising the data and security of the structure, and content of error messages needs to be carefully considered by the organization. Organizations carefully consider the structure/content of error messages. The extent to which information systems are able to identify and handle error conditions is guided by organizational policy and operational requirements. Information that could be exploited by adversaries includes, for example, erroneous logon attempts with passwords entered by mistake as the username, mission/business information that can be derived from (if not stated explicitly by) information recorded, and personal information, such as account numbers, social security numbers, and credit card numbers.
Any operating system providing too much information in error messages risks compromising the data and security of the structure, and content of error messages needs to be carefully considered by the organization. Organizations carefully consider the structure/content of error messages. The extent to which information systems are able to identify and handle error conditions is guided by organizational policy and operational requirements. Information that could be exploited by adversaries includes, for example, erroneous logon attempts with passwords entered by mistake as the username, mission/business information that can be derived from (if not stated explicitly by) information recorded, and personal information, such as account numbers, social security numbers, and credit card numbers.
Check:
Verify the operating system generates error messages that provide information necessary for corrective actions without revealing information that could be exploited by adversaries. If it does not, this is a finding.
Verify the operating system generates error messages that provide information necessary for corrective actions without revealing information that could be exploited by adversaries. If it does not, this is a finding.
Fix:
Configure the operating system to generate error messages that provide information necessary for corrective actions without revealing information that could be exploited by adversaries.
Configure the operating system to generate error messages that provide information necessary for corrective actions without revealing information that could be exploited by adversaries.
Vuln ID:
V-56903
Rule ID:
SV-71163r1_rule
Group ID:
SRG-OS-000206-GPOS-00084
Version:
SRG-OS-000206-GPOS-00084
CCI:
CCI-001314
Severity:
Medium
Description:
Only authorized personnel should be aware of errors and the details of the errors. Error messages are an indicator of an organization's operational state or can identify the operating system or platform. Additionally, Personally Identifiable Information (PII) and operational information must not be revealed through error messages to unauthorized personnel or their designated representatives. The structure and content of error messages must be carefully considered by the organization and development team. The extent to which the information system is able to identify and handle error conditions is guided by organizational policy and operational requirements.
Only authorized personnel should be aware of errors and the details of the errors. Error messages are an indicator of an organization's operational state or can identify the operating system or platform. Additionally, Personally Identifiable Information (PII) and operational information must not be revealed through error messages to unauthorized personnel or their designated representatives. The structure and content of error messages must be carefully considered by the organization and development team. The extent to which the information system is able to identify and handle error conditions is guided by organizational policy and operational requirements.
Check:
Verify the operating system reveals error messages only to authorized users. If it does not, this is a finding.
Verify the operating system reveals error messages only to authorized users. If it does not, this is a finding.
Fix:
Configure the operating system to reveal error messages only to authorized users.
Configure the operating system to reveal error messages only to authorized users.
Vuln ID:
V-56909
Rule ID:
SV-71169r1_rule
Group ID:
SRG-OS-000228-GPOS-00088
Version:
SRG-OS-000228-GPOS-00088
CCI:
CCI-001384
Severity:
Medium
Description:
Display of a standardized and approved use notification before granting access to the publicly accessible operating system ensures privacy and security notification verbiage used is consistent with applicable federal laws, Executive Orders, directives, policies, regulations, standards, and guidance. System use notifications are required only for access via logon interfaces with human users and are not required when such human interfaces do not exist. The banner must be formatted in accordance with applicable DoD policy. Use the following verbiage for operating systems that can accommodate banners of 1300 characters: "You are accessing a U.S. Government (USG) Information System (IS) that is provided for USG-authorized use only. By using this IS (which includes any device attached to this IS), you consent to the following conditions: -The USG routinely intercepts and monitors communications on this IS for purposes including, but not limited to, penetration testing, COMSEC monitoring, network operations and defense, personnel misconduct (PM), law enforcement (LE), and counterintelligence (CI) investigations. -At any time, the USG may inspect and seize data stored on this IS. -Communications using, or data stored on, this IS are not private, are subject to routine monitoring, interception, and search, and may be disclosed or used for any USG-authorized purpose. -This IS includes security measures (e.g., authentication and access controls) to protect USG interests--not for your personal benefit or privacy. -Notwithstanding the above, using this IS does not constitute consent to PM, LE or CI investigative searching or monitoring of the content of privileged communications, or work product, related to personal representation or services by attorneys, psychotherapists, or clergy, and their assistants. Such communications and work product are private and confidential. See User Agreement for details." Use the following verbiage for operating systems that have severe limitations on the number of characters that can be displayed in the banner: "I've read & consent to terms in IS user agreem't."
Display of a standardized and approved use notification before granting access to the publicly accessible operating system ensures privacy and security notification verbiage used is consistent with applicable federal laws, Executive Orders, directives, policies, regulations, standards, and guidance. System use notifications are required only for access via logon interfaces with human users and are not required when such human interfaces do not exist. The banner must be formatted in accordance with applicable DoD policy. Use the following verbiage for operating systems that can accommodate banners of 1300 characters: "You are accessing a U.S. Government (USG) Information System (IS) that is provided for USG-authorized use only. By using this IS (which includes any device attached to this IS), you consent to the following conditions: -The USG routinely intercepts and monitors communications on this IS for purposes including, but not limited to, penetration testing, COMSEC monitoring, network operations and defense, personnel misconduct (PM), law enforcement (LE), and counterintelligence (CI) investigations. -At any time, the USG may inspect and seize data stored on this IS. -Communications using, or data stored on, this IS are not private, are subject to routine monitoring, interception, and search, and may be disclosed or used for any USG-authorized purpose. -This IS includes security measures (e.g., authentication and access controls) to protect USG interests--not for your personal benefit or privacy. -Notwithstanding the above, using this IS does not constitute consent to PM, LE or CI investigative searching or monitoring of the content of privileged communications, or work product, related to personal representation or services by attorneys, psychotherapists, or clergy, and their assistants. Such communications and work product are private and confidential. See User Agreement for details." Use the following verbiage for operating systems that have severe limitations on the number of characters that can be displayed in the banner: "I've read & consent to terms in IS user agreem't."
Check:
Verify any publically accessible connection to the operating system displays the Standard Mandatory DoD Notice and Consent Banner before granting access to the system. The banner must be formatted in accordance with applicable DoD policy. Use the following verbiage for operating systems that can accommodate banners of 1300 characters: "You are accessing a U.S. Government (USG) Information System (IS) that is provided for USG-authorized use only. By using this IS (which includes any device attached to this IS), you consent to the following conditions: -The USG routinely intercepts and monitors communications on this IS for purposes including, but not limited to, penetration testing, COMSEC monitoring, network operations and defense, personnel misconduct (PM), law enforcement (LE), and counterintelligence (CI) investigations. -At any time, the USG may inspect and seize data stored on this IS. -Communications using, or data stored on, this IS are not private, are subject to routine monitoring, interception, and search, and may be disclosed or used for any USG-authorized purpose. -This IS includes security measures (e.g., authentication and access controls) to protect USG interests--not for your personal benefit or privacy. -Notwithstanding the above, using this IS does not constitute consent to PM, LE or CI investigative searching or monitoring of the content of privileged communications, or work product, related to personal representation or services by attorneys, psychotherapists, or clergy, and their assistants. Such communications and work product are private and confidential. See User Agreement for details." Use the following verbiage for operating systems that have severe limitations on the number of characters that can be displayed in the banner: "I've read & consent to terms in IS user agreem't." If it does not, this is a finding.
Verify any publically accessible connection to the operating system displays the Standard Mandatory DoD Notice and Consent Banner before granting access to the system. The banner must be formatted in accordance with applicable DoD policy. Use the following verbiage for operating systems that can accommodate banners of 1300 characters: "You are accessing a U.S. Government (USG) Information System (IS) that is provided for USG-authorized use only. By using this IS (which includes any device attached to this IS), you consent to the following conditions: -The USG routinely intercepts and monitors communications on this IS for purposes including, but not limited to, penetration testing, COMSEC monitoring, network operations and defense, personnel misconduct (PM), law enforcement (LE), and counterintelligence (CI) investigations. -At any time, the USG may inspect and seize data stored on this IS. -Communications using, or data stored on, this IS are not private, are subject to routine monitoring, interception, and search, and may be disclosed or used for any USG-authorized purpose. -This IS includes security measures (e.g., authentication and access controls) to protect USG interests--not for your personal benefit or privacy. -Notwithstanding the above, using this IS does not constitute consent to PM, LE or CI investigative searching or monitoring of the content of privileged communications, or work product, related to personal representation or services by attorneys, psychotherapists, or clergy, and their assistants. Such communications and work product are private and confidential. See User Agreement for details." Use the following verbiage for operating systems that have severe limitations on the number of characters that can be displayed in the banner: "I've read & consent to terms in IS user agreem't." If it does not, this is a finding.
Fix:
Configure any publically accessible connection to the operating system to display the Standard Mandatory DoD Notice and Consent Banner before granting access to the system. The banner must be formatted in accordance with applicable DoD policy. Use the following verbiage for operating systems that can accommodate banners of 1300 characters: "You are accessing a U.S. Government (USG) Information System (IS) that is provided for USG-authorized use only. By using this IS (which includes any device attached to this IS), you consent to the following conditions: -The USG routinely intercepts and monitors communications on this IS for purposes including, but not limited to, penetration testing, COMSEC monitoring, network operations and defense, personnel misconduct (PM), law enforcement (LE), and counterintelligence (CI) investigations. -At any time, the USG may inspect and seize data stored on this IS. -Communications using, or data stored on, this IS are not private, are subject to routine monitoring, interception, and search, and may be disclosed or used for any USG-authorized purpose. -This IS includes security measures (e.g., authentication and access controls) to protect USG interests--not for your personal benefit or privacy. -Notwithstanding the above, using this IS does not constitute consent to PM, LE or CI investigative searching or monitoring of the content of privileged communications, or work product, related to personal representation or services by attorneys, psychotherapists, or clergy, and their assistants. Such communications and work product are private and confidential. See User Agreement for details." Use the following verbiage for operating systems that have severe limitations on the number of characters that can be displayed in the banner: "I've read & consent to terms in IS user agreem't."
Configure any publically accessible connection to the operating system to display the Standard Mandatory DoD Notice and Consent Banner before granting access to the system. The banner must be formatted in accordance with applicable DoD policy. Use the following verbiage for operating systems that can accommodate banners of 1300 characters: "You are accessing a U.S. Government (USG) Information System (IS) that is provided for USG-authorized use only. By using this IS (which includes any device attached to this IS), you consent to the following conditions: -The USG routinely intercepts and monitors communications on this IS for purposes including, but not limited to, penetration testing, COMSEC monitoring, network operations and defense, personnel misconduct (PM), law enforcement (LE), and counterintelligence (CI) investigations. -At any time, the USG may inspect and seize data stored on this IS. -Communications using, or data stored on, this IS are not private, are subject to routine monitoring, interception, and search, and may be disclosed or used for any USG-authorized purpose. -This IS includes security measures (e.g., authentication and access controls) to protect USG interests--not for your personal benefit or privacy. -Notwithstanding the above, using this IS does not constitute consent to PM, LE or CI investigative searching or monitoring of the content of privileged communications, or work product, related to personal representation or services by attorneys, psychotherapists, or clergy, and their assistants. Such communications and work product are private and confidential. See User Agreement for details." Use the following verbiage for operating systems that have severe limitations on the number of characters that can be displayed in the banner: "I've read & consent to terms in IS user agreem't."
Vuln ID:
V-56913
Rule ID:
SV-71173r2_rule
Group ID:
SRG-OS-000239-GPOS-00089
Version:
SRG-OS-000239-GPOS-00089
CCI:
CCI-001403
Severity:
Medium
Description:
Once an attacker establishes access to a system, the attacker often attempts to create a persistent method of reestablishing access. One way to accomplish this is for the attacker to modify an existing account. Auditing account modification actions provides logging that can be used for forensic purposes. To address access requirements, many operating systems can be integrated with enterprise-level authentication/access/auditing mechanisms that meet or exceed access control policy requirements.
Once an attacker establishes access to a system, the attacker often attempts to create a persistent method of reestablishing access. One way to accomplish this is for the attacker to modify an existing account. Auditing account modification actions provides logging that can be used for forensic purposes. To address access requirements, many operating systems can be integrated with enterprise-level authentication/access/auditing mechanisms that meet or exceed access control policy requirements.
Check:
Verify the operating system automatically audits account modification. If it does not, this is a finding.
Verify the operating system automatically audits account modification. If it does not, this is a finding.
Fix:
Configure the operating system to automatically audit account modification.
Configure the operating system to automatically audit account modification.
Vuln ID:
V-56917
Rule ID:
SV-71177r1_rule
Group ID:
SRG-OS-000240-GPOS-00090
Version:
SRG-OS-000240-GPOS-00090
CCI:
CCI-001404
Severity:
Medium
Description:
When operating system accounts are disabled, user accessibility is affected. Accounts are utilized for identifying individual users or for identifying the operating system processes themselves. In order to detect and respond to events affecting user accessibility and system processing, operating systems must audit account disabling actions and, as required, notify the appropriate individuals so they can investigate the event. Such a capability greatly reduces the risk that operating system accessibility will be negatively affected for extended periods of time and provides logging that can be used for forensic purposes. To address access requirements, many operating systems can be integrated with enterprise-level authentication/access/auditing mechanisms that meet or exceed access control policy requirements.
When operating system accounts are disabled, user accessibility is affected. Accounts are utilized for identifying individual users or for identifying the operating system processes themselves. In order to detect and respond to events affecting user accessibility and system processing, operating systems must audit account disabling actions and, as required, notify the appropriate individuals so they can investigate the event. Such a capability greatly reduces the risk that operating system accessibility will be negatively affected for extended periods of time and provides logging that can be used for forensic purposes. To address access requirements, many operating systems can be integrated with enterprise-level authentication/access/auditing mechanisms that meet or exceed access control policy requirements.
Check:
Verify the operating system automatically audits account disabling actions. If it does not, this is a finding.
Verify the operating system automatically audits account disabling actions. If it does not, this is a finding.
Fix:
Configure the operating system to automatically audit account disabling actions.
Configure the operating system to automatically audit account disabling actions.
Vuln ID:
V-56921
Rule ID:
SV-71181r1_rule
Group ID:
SRG-OS-000241-GPOS-00091
Version:
SRG-OS-000241-GPOS-00091
CCI:
CCI-001405
Severity:
Medium
Description:
When operating system accounts are removed, user accessibility is affected. Accounts are utilized for identifying individual users or for identifying the operating system processes themselves. In order to detect and respond to events affecting user accessibility and system processing, operating systems must audit account removal actions and, as required, notify the appropriate individuals so they can investigate the event. Such a capability greatly reduces the risk that operating system accessibility will be negatively affected for extended periods of time and provides logging that can be used for forensic purposes. To address access requirements, many operating systems can be integrated with enterprise-level authentication/access/auditing mechanisms that meet or exceed access control policy requirements.
When operating system accounts are removed, user accessibility is affected. Accounts are utilized for identifying individual users or for identifying the operating system processes themselves. In order to detect and respond to events affecting user accessibility and system processing, operating systems must audit account removal actions and, as required, notify the appropriate individuals so they can investigate the event. Such a capability greatly reduces the risk that operating system accessibility will be negatively affected for extended periods of time and provides logging that can be used for forensic purposes. To address access requirements, many operating systems can be integrated with enterprise-level authentication/access/auditing mechanisms that meet or exceed access control policy requirements.
Check:
Verify the operating system automatically audits account removal actions. If it does not, this is a finding.
Verify the operating system automatically audits account removal actions. If it does not, this is a finding.
Fix:
Configure the operating system to automatically audit account removal actions.
Configure the operating system to automatically audit account removal actions.
Vuln ID:
V-56935
Rule ID:
SV-71195r1_rule
Group ID:
SRG-OS-000250-GPOS-00093
Version:
SRG-OS-000250-GPOS-00093
CCI:
CCI-001453
Severity:
Medium
Description:
Without cryptographic integrity protections, information can be altered by unauthorized users without detection. Remote access (e.g., RDP) is access to DoD nonpublic information systems by an authorized user (or an information system) communicating through an external, non-organization-controlled network. Remote access methods include, for example, dial-up, broadband, and wireless. Cryptographic mechanisms used for protecting the integrity of information include, for example, signed hash functions using asymmetric cryptography enabling distribution of the public key to verify the hash information while maintaining the confidentiality of the secret key used to generate the hash.
Without cryptographic integrity protections, information can be altered by unauthorized users without detection. Remote access (e.g., RDP) is access to DoD nonpublic information systems by an authorized user (or an information system) communicating through an external, non-organization-controlled network. Remote access methods include, for example, dial-up, broadband, and wireless. Cryptographic mechanisms used for protecting the integrity of information include, for example, signed hash functions using asymmetric cryptography enabling distribution of the public key to verify the hash information while maintaining the confidentiality of the secret key used to generate the hash.
Check:
Verify the operating system implements cryptography to protect the integrity of remote access sessions. If it does not, this is a finding.
Verify the operating system implements cryptography to protect the integrity of remote access sessions. If it does not, this is a finding.
Fix:
Configure the operating system to implement cryptography to protect the integrity of remote access sessions.
Configure the operating system to implement cryptography to protect the integrity of remote access sessions.
Vuln ID:
V-56939
Rule ID:
SV-71199r1_rule
Group ID:
SRG-OS-000254-GPOS-00095
Version:
SRG-OS-000254-GPOS-00095
CCI:
CCI-001464
Severity:
Medium
Description:
If auditing is enabled late in the start-up process, the actions of some start-up processes may not be audited. Some audit systems also maintain state information only available if auditing is enabled before a given process is created.
If auditing is enabled late in the start-up process, the actions of some start-up processes may not be audited. Some audit systems also maintain state information only available if auditing is enabled before a given process is created.
Check:
Verify the operating system initiates session audits at system start-up. If it does not, this is a finding.
Verify the operating system initiates session audits at system start-up. If it does not, this is a finding.
Fix:
Configure the operating system to initiate session audits at system start-up.
Configure the operating system to initiate session audits at system start-up.
Vuln ID:
V-57169
Rule ID:
SV-71429r1_rule
Group ID:
SRG-OS-000364-GPOS-00151
Version:
SRG-OS-000364-GPOS-00151
CCI:
CCI-001813
Severity:
Medium
Description:
Failure to provide logical access restrictions associated with changes to system configuration may have significant effects on the overall security of the system. When dealing with access restrictions pertaining to change control, it should be noted that any changes to the hardware, software, and/or firmware components of the operating system can have significant effects on the overall security of the system. Accordingly, only qualified and authorized individuals should be allowed to obtain access to operating system components for the purposes of initiating changes, including upgrades and modifications. Logical access restrictions include, for example, controls that restrict access to workflow automation, media libraries, abstract layers (e.g., changes implemented into third-party interfaces rather than directly into information systems), and change windows (e.g., changes occur only during specified times, making unauthorized changes easy to discover).
Failure to provide logical access restrictions associated with changes to system configuration may have significant effects on the overall security of the system. When dealing with access restrictions pertaining to change control, it should be noted that any changes to the hardware, software, and/or firmware components of the operating system can have significant effects on the overall security of the system. Accordingly, only qualified and authorized individuals should be allowed to obtain access to operating system components for the purposes of initiating changes, including upgrades and modifications. Logical access restrictions include, for example, controls that restrict access to workflow automation, media libraries, abstract layers (e.g., changes implemented into third-party interfaces rather than directly into information systems), and change windows (e.g., changes occur only during specified times, making unauthorized changes easy to discover).
Check:
Verify the operating system enforces access restrictions. If it does not, this is a finding.
Verify the operating system enforces access restrictions. If it does not, this is a finding.
Fix:
Configure the operating system to enforce access restrictions.
Configure the operating system to enforce access restrictions.
Vuln ID:
V-57171
Rule ID:
SV-71431r1_rule
Group ID:
SRG-OS-000255-GPOS-00096
Version:
SRG-OS-000255-GPOS-00096
CCI:
CCI-001487
Severity:
Medium
Description:
Without information that establishes the identity of the subjects (i.e., users or processes acting on behalf of users) associated with the events, security personnel cannot determine responsibility for the potentially harmful event.
Without information that establishes the identity of the subjects (i.e., users or processes acting on behalf of users) associated with the events, security personnel cannot determine responsibility for the potentially harmful event.
Check:
Verify the operating system produces audit records containing information to establish the identity of any individual or process associated with the event. If it does not, this is a finding.
Verify the operating system produces audit records containing information to establish the identity of any individual or process associated with the event. If it does not, this is a finding.
Fix:
Configure the operating system to produce audit records containing information to establish the identity of any individual or process associated with the event.
Configure the operating system to produce audit records containing information to establish the identity of any individual or process associated with the event.
Vuln ID:
V-57173
Rule ID:
SV-71433r1_rule
Group ID:
SRG-OS-000256-GPOS-00097
Version:
SRG-OS-000256-GPOS-00097
CCI:
CCI-001493
Severity:
Medium
Description:
Protecting audit information also includes identifying and protecting the tools used to view and manipulate log data. Therefore, protecting audit tools is necessary to prevent unauthorized operation on audit information. Operating systems providing tools to interface with audit information will leverage user permissions and roles identifying the user accessing the tools and the corresponding rights the user enjoys in order to make access decisions regarding the access to audit tools. Audit tools include, but are not limited to, vendor-provided and open source audit tools needed to successfully view and manipulate audit information system activity and records. Audit tools include custom queries and report generators.
Protecting audit information also includes identifying and protecting the tools used to view and manipulate log data. Therefore, protecting audit tools is necessary to prevent unauthorized operation on audit information. Operating systems providing tools to interface with audit information will leverage user permissions and roles identifying the user accessing the tools and the corresponding rights the user enjoys in order to make access decisions regarding the access to audit tools. Audit tools include, but are not limited to, vendor-provided and open source audit tools needed to successfully view and manipulate audit information system activity and records. Audit tools include custom queries and report generators.
Check:
Verify the operating system protects audit tools from unauthorized access. If it does not, this is a finding.
Verify the operating system protects audit tools from unauthorized access. If it does not, this is a finding.
Fix:
Configure the operating system to protect audit tools from unauthorized access.
Configure the operating system to protect audit tools from unauthorized access.
Vuln ID:
V-57175
Rule ID:
SV-71435r1_rule
Group ID:
SRG-OS-000257-GPOS-00098
Version:
SRG-OS-000257-GPOS-00098
CCI:
CCI-001494
Severity:
Medium
Description:
Protecting audit information also includes identifying and protecting the tools used to view and manipulate log data. Therefore, protecting audit tools is necessary to prevent unauthorized operation on audit information. Operating systems providing tools to interface with audit information will leverage user permissions and roles identifying the user accessing the tools and the corresponding rights the user has in order to make access decisions regarding the modification of audit tools. Audit tools include, but are not limited to, vendor-provided and open source audit tools needed to successfully view and manipulate audit information system activity and records. Audit tools include custom queries and report generators.
Protecting audit information also includes identifying and protecting the tools used to view and manipulate log data. Therefore, protecting audit tools is necessary to prevent unauthorized operation on audit information. Operating systems providing tools to interface with audit information will leverage user permissions and roles identifying the user accessing the tools and the corresponding rights the user has in order to make access decisions regarding the modification of audit tools. Audit tools include, but are not limited to, vendor-provided and open source audit tools needed to successfully view and manipulate audit information system activity and records. Audit tools include custom queries and report generators.
Check:
Verify the operating system protects audit tools from unauthorized modification. If it does not, this is a finding.
Verify the operating system protects audit tools from unauthorized modification. If it does not, this is a finding.
Fix:
Configure the operating system to protect audit tools from unauthorized modification.
Configure the operating system to protect audit tools from unauthorized modification.
Vuln ID:
V-57177
Rule ID:
SV-71437r1_rule
Group ID:
SRG-OS-000258-GPOS-00099
Version:
SRG-OS-000258-GPOS-00099
CCI:
CCI-001495
Severity:
Medium
Description:
Protecting audit information also includes identifying and protecting the tools used to view and manipulate log data. Therefore, protecting audit tools is necessary to prevent unauthorized operation on audit information. Operating systems providing tools to interface with audit information will leverage user permissions and roles identifying the user accessing the tools and the corresponding rights the user has in order to make access decisions regarding the deletion of audit tools. Audit tools include, but are not limited to, vendor-provided and open source audit tools needed to successfully view and manipulate audit information system activity and records. Audit tools include custom queries and report generators.
Protecting audit information also includes identifying and protecting the tools used to view and manipulate log data. Therefore, protecting audit tools is necessary to prevent unauthorized operation on audit information. Operating systems providing tools to interface with audit information will leverage user permissions and roles identifying the user accessing the tools and the corresponding rights the user has in order to make access decisions regarding the deletion of audit tools. Audit tools include, but are not limited to, vendor-provided and open source audit tools needed to successfully view and manipulate audit information system activity and records. Audit tools include custom queries and report generators.
Check:
Verify the operating system protects audit tools from unauthorized deletion. If it does not, this is a finding.
Verify the operating system protects audit tools from unauthorized deletion. If it does not, this is a finding.
Fix:
Configure the operating system to protect audit tools from unauthorized deletion.
Configure the operating system to protect audit tools from unauthorized deletion.
Vuln ID:
V-57179
Rule ID:
SV-71439r1_rule
Group ID:
SRG-OS-000363-GPOS-00150
Version:
SRG-OS-000363-GPOS-00150
CCI:
CCI-001744
Severity:
Medium
Description:
Unauthorized changes to the baseline configuration could make the system vulnerable to various attacks or allow unauthorized access to the operating system. Changes to operating system configurations can have unintended side effects, some of which may be relevant to security. Detecting such changes and providing an automated response can help avoid unintended, negative consequences that could ultimately affect the security state of the operating system. The operating system's IMO/ISSO and SAs must be notified via email and/or monitoring system trap when there is an unauthorized modification of a configuration item.
Unauthorized changes to the baseline configuration could make the system vulnerable to various attacks or allow unauthorized access to the operating system. Changes to operating system configurations can have unintended side effects, some of which may be relevant to security. Detecting such changes and providing an automated response can help avoid unintended, negative consequences that could ultimately affect the security state of the operating system. The operating system's IMO/ISSO and SAs must be notified via email and/or monitoring system trap when there is an unauthorized modification of a configuration item.
Check:
Verify the operating system notifies designated personnel if baseline configurations are changed in an unauthorized manner. If it does not, this is a finding.
Verify the operating system notifies designated personnel if baseline configurations are changed in an unauthorized manner. If it does not, this is a finding.
Fix:
Configure the operating system to notify designated personnel if baseline configurations are changed in an unauthorized manner.
Configure the operating system to notify designated personnel if baseline configurations are changed in an unauthorized manner.
Vuln ID:
V-57181
Rule ID:
SV-71441r1_rule
Group ID:
SRG-OS-000362-GPOS-00149
Version:
SRG-OS-000362-GPOS-00149
CCI:
CCI-001812
Severity:
Medium
Description:
Allowing regular users to install software, without explicit privileges, creates the risk that untested or potentially malicious software will be installed on the system. Explicit privileges (escalated or administrative privileges) provide the regular user with explicit capabilities and control that exceeds the rights of a regular user. Operating system functionality will vary, and while users are not permitted to install unapproved software, there may be instances where the organization allows the user to install approved software packages, such as from an approved software repository. The operating system or software configuration management utility must enforce control of software installation by users based upon what types of software installations are permitted (e.g., updates and security patches to existing software) and what types of installations are prohibited (e.g., software whose pedigree with regard to being potentially malicious is unknown or suspect) by the organization.
Allowing regular users to install software, without explicit privileges, creates the risk that untested or potentially malicious software will be installed on the system. Explicit privileges (escalated or administrative privileges) provide the regular user with explicit capabilities and control that exceeds the rights of a regular user. Operating system functionality will vary, and while users are not permitted to install unapproved software, there may be instances where the organization allows the user to install approved software packages, such as from an approved software repository. The operating system or software configuration management utility must enforce control of software installation by users based upon what types of software installations are permitted (e.g., updates and security patches to existing software) and what types of installations are prohibited (e.g., software whose pedigree with regard to being potentially malicious is unknown or suspect) by the organization.
Check:
Verify the operating system prohibits user installation of system software without explicit privileged status. If it does not, this is a finding.
Verify the operating system prohibits user installation of system software without explicit privileged status. If it does not, this is a finding.
Fix:
Configure the operating system to prohibit user installation of system software without explicit privileged status.
Configure the operating system to prohibit user installation of system software without explicit privileged status.
Vuln ID:
V-57183
Rule ID:
SV-71443r1_rule
Group ID:
SRG-OS-000259-GPOS-00100
Version:
SRG-OS-000259-GPOS-00100
CCI:
CCI-001499
Severity:
Medium
Description:
If the operating system were to allow any user to make changes to software libraries, then those changes might be implemented without undergoing the appropriate testing and approvals that are part of a robust change management process. This requirement applies to operating systems with software libraries that are accessible and configurable, as in the case of interpreted languages. Software libraries also include privileged programs which execute with escalated privileges. Only qualified and authorized individuals shall be allowed to obtain access to information system components for purposes of initiating changes, including upgrades and modifications.
If the operating system were to allow any user to make changes to software libraries, then those changes might be implemented without undergoing the appropriate testing and approvals that are part of a robust change management process. This requirement applies to operating systems with software libraries that are accessible and configurable, as in the case of interpreted languages. Software libraries also include privileged programs which execute with escalated privileges. Only qualified and authorized individuals shall be allowed to obtain access to information system components for purposes of initiating changes, including upgrades and modifications.
Check:
Verify the operating system limits privileges to change software resident within software libraries. If it does not, this is a finding.
Verify the operating system limits privileges to change software resident within software libraries. If it does not, this is a finding.
Fix:
Configure the operating system to limit privileges to change software resident within software libraries.
Configure the operating system to limit privileges to change software resident within software libraries.
Vuln ID:
V-57185
Rule ID:
SV-71445r1_rule
Group ID:
SRG-OS-000360-GPOS-00147
Version:
SRG-OS-000360-GPOS-00147
CCI:
CCI-000366
Severity:
Medium
Description:
An authorized user may intentionally or accidentally move or delete audit records without those specific actions being authorized. All bulk manipulation of audit information must be authorized via automatic processes. Any manual manipulation of audit information must require dual authorization. Dual authorization mechanisms require the approval of two authorized individuals to execute.
An authorized user may intentionally or accidentally move or delete audit records without those specific actions being authorized. All bulk manipulation of audit information must be authorized via automatic processes. Any manual manipulation of audit information must require dual authorization. Dual authorization mechanisms require the approval of two authorized individuals to execute.
Check:
Verify the operating system enforces dual authorization for movement and/or deletion of all audit information, when such movement or deletion is not part of an authorized automatic process. If it does not, this is a finding.
Verify the operating system enforces dual authorization for movement and/or deletion of all audit information, when such movement or deletion is not part of an authorized automatic process. If it does not, this is a finding.
Fix:
Configure the operating system to enforce dual authorization for movement and/or deletion of all audit information, when such movement or deletion is not part of an authorized automatic process.
Configure the operating system to enforce dual authorization for movement and/or deletion of all audit information, when such movement or deletion is not part of an authorized automatic process.
Vuln ID:
V-57187
Rule ID:
SV-71447r1_rule
Group ID:
SRG-OS-000266-GPOS-00101
Version:
SRG-OS-000266-GPOS-00101
CCI:
CCI-001619
Severity:
Medium
Description:
Use of a complex password helps to increase the time and resources required to compromise the password. Password complexity or strength is a measure of the effectiveness of a password in resisting attempts at guessing and brute-force attacks. Password complexity is one factor in determining how long it takes to crack a password. The more complex the password, the greater the number of possible combinations that need to be tested before the password is compromised. Special characters are those characters that are not alphanumeric. Examples include: ~ ! @ # $ % ^ *.
Use of a complex password helps to increase the time and resources required to compromise the password. Password complexity or strength is a measure of the effectiveness of a password in resisting attempts at guessing and brute-force attacks. Password complexity is one factor in determining how long it takes to crack a password. The more complex the password, the greater the number of possible combinations that need to be tested before the password is compromised. Special characters are those characters that are not alphanumeric. Examples include: ~ ! @ # $ % ^ *.
Check:
Verify the operating system enforces password complexity by requiring that at least one special character be used. If it does not, this is a finding.
Verify the operating system enforces password complexity by requiring that at least one special character be used. If it does not, this is a finding.
Fix:
Configure the operating system to enforce password complexity by requiring that at least one special character be used.
Configure the operating system to enforce password complexity by requiring that at least one special character be used.
Vuln ID:
V-57189
Rule ID:
SV-71449r1_rule
Group ID:
SRG-OS-000359-GPOS-00146
Version:
SRG-OS-000359-GPOS-00146
CCI:
CCI-001890
Severity:
Medium
Description:
If time stamps are not consistently applied and there is no common time reference, it is difficult to perform forensic analysis. Time stamps generated by the operating system include date and time. Time is commonly expressed in Coordinated Universal Time (UTC), a modern continuation of Greenwich Mean Time (GMT), or local time with an offset from UTC.
If time stamps are not consistently applied and there is no common time reference, it is difficult to perform forensic analysis. Time stamps generated by the operating system include date and time. Time is commonly expressed in Coordinated Universal Time (UTC), a modern continuation of Greenwich Mean Time (GMT), or local time with an offset from UTC.
Check:
Verify the operating system records time stamps for audit records that can be mapped to Coordinated Universal Time (UTC) or Greenwich Mean Time (GMT). If it does not, this is a finding.
Verify the operating system records time stamps for audit records that can be mapped to Coordinated Universal Time (UTC) or Greenwich Mean Time (GMT). If it does not, this is a finding.
Fix:
Configure the operating system to record time stamps for audit records that can be mapped to Coordinated Universal Time (UTC) or Greenwich Mean Time (GMT).
Configure the operating system to record time stamps for audit records that can be mapped to Coordinated Universal Time (UTC) or Greenwich Mean Time (GMT).
Vuln ID:
V-57191
Rule ID:
SV-71451r1_rule
Group ID:
SRG-OS-000269-GPOS-00103
Version:
SRG-OS-000269-GPOS-00103
CCI:
CCI-001665
Severity:
Medium
Description:
Failure to a known state can address safety or security in accordance with the mission/business needs of the organization. Failure to a known secure state helps prevent a loss of confidentiality, integrity, or availability in the event of a failure of the information system or a component of the system. Preserving operating system state information helps to facilitate operating system restart and return to the operational mode of the organization with least disruption to mission/business processes.
Failure to a known state can address safety or security in accordance with the mission/business needs of the organization. Failure to a known secure state helps prevent a loss of confidentiality, integrity, or availability in the event of a failure of the information system or a component of the system. Preserving operating system state information helps to facilitate operating system restart and return to the operational mode of the organization with least disruption to mission/business processes.
Check:
Verify, in the event of a system failure, the operating system preserves any information necessary to determine cause of failure and any information necessary to return to operations with least disruption to mission processes. If it does not, this is a finding.
Verify, in the event of a system failure, the operating system preserves any information necessary to determine cause of failure and any information necessary to return to operations with least disruption to mission processes. If it does not, this is a finding.
Fix:
Configure the operating system to preserve any information necessary to determine cause of failure and any information necessary to return to operations with least disruption to mission processes, in the event of a system failure.
Configure the operating system to preserve any information necessary to determine cause of failure and any information necessary to return to operations with least disruption to mission processes, in the event of a system failure.
Vuln ID:
V-57193
Rule ID:
SV-71453r1_rule
Group ID:
SRG-OS-000358-GPOS-00145
Version:
SRG-OS-000358-GPOS-00145
CCI:
CCI-001889
Severity:
Medium
Description:
Without sufficient granularity of time stamps, it is not possible to adequately determine the chronological order of records. Time stamps generated by the operating system include date and time. Granularity of time measurements refers to the degree of synchronization between information system clocks and reference clocks.
Without sufficient granularity of time stamps, it is not possible to adequately determine the chronological order of records. Time stamps generated by the operating system include date and time. Granularity of time measurements refers to the degree of synchronization between information system clocks and reference clocks.
Check:
Verify the operating system records time stamps for audit records that meet a minimum granularity of one second for a minimum degree of precision. If it does not, this is a finding.
Verify the operating system records time stamps for audit records that meet a minimum granularity of one second for a minimum degree of precision. If it does not, this is a finding.
Fix:
Configure the operating system to record time stamps for audit records that meet a minimum granularity of one second for a minimum degree of precision.
Configure the operating system to record time stamps for audit records that meet a minimum granularity of one second for a minimum degree of precision.
Vuln ID:
V-57195
Rule ID:
SV-71455r2_rule
Group ID:
SRG-OS-000274-GPOS-00104
Version:
SRG-OS-000274-GPOS-00104
CCI:
CCI-001683
Severity:
Medium
Description:
Once an attacker establishes access to a system, the attacker often attempts to create a persistent method of reestablishing access. One way to accomplish this is for the attacker to create a new account. Notification of account creation is one method for mitigating this risk. A comprehensive account management process will ensure an audit trail which documents the creation of operating system user accounts and notifies administrators and ISSOs that it exists. Such a process greatly reduces the risk that accounts will be surreptitiously created and provides logging that can be used for forensic purposes. To address access requirements, many operating systems can be integrated with enterprise-level authentication/access/auditing mechanisms that meet or exceed access control policy requirements.
Once an attacker establishes access to a system, the attacker often attempts to create a persistent method of reestablishing access. One way to accomplish this is for the attacker to create a new account. Notification of account creation is one method for mitigating this risk. A comprehensive account management process will ensure an audit trail which documents the creation of operating system user accounts and notifies administrators and ISSOs that it exists. Such a process greatly reduces the risk that accounts will be surreptitiously created and provides logging that can be used for forensic purposes. To address access requirements, many operating systems can be integrated with enterprise-level authentication/access/auditing mechanisms that meet or exceed access control policy requirements.
Check:
Verify the operating system notifies System Administrators and Information System Security Officers when accounts are created. If it does not, this is a finding.
Verify the operating system notifies System Administrators and Information System Security Officers when accounts are created. If it does not, this is a finding.
Fix:
Configure the operating system to notify System Administrators and Information System Security Officers when accounts are created.
Configure the operating system to notify System Administrators and Information System Security Officers when accounts are created.
Vuln ID:
V-57197
Rule ID:
SV-71457r2_rule
Group ID:
SRG-OS-000275-GPOS-00105
Version:
SRG-OS-000275-GPOS-00105
CCI:
CCI-001684
Severity:
Medium
Description:
Once an attacker establishes access to a system, the attacker often attempts to create a persistent method of reestablishing access. One way to accomplish this is for the attacker to modify an existing account. Notification of account modification is one method for mitigating this risk. A comprehensive account management process will ensure an audit trail which documents the modification of operating system user accounts and notifies the system administrator and ISSO of changes. Such a process greatly reduces the risk that accounts will be surreptitiously created and provides logging that can be used for forensic purposes. To address access requirements, many operating systems can be integrated with enterprise-level authentication/access/auditing mechanisms that meet or exceed access control policy requirements.
Once an attacker establishes access to a system, the attacker often attempts to create a persistent method of reestablishing access. One way to accomplish this is for the attacker to modify an existing account. Notification of account modification is one method for mitigating this risk. A comprehensive account management process will ensure an audit trail which documents the modification of operating system user accounts and notifies the system administrator and ISSO of changes. Such a process greatly reduces the risk that accounts will be surreptitiously created and provides logging that can be used for forensic purposes. To address access requirements, many operating systems can be integrated with enterprise-level authentication/access/auditing mechanisms that meet or exceed access control policy requirements.
Check:
Verify the operating system notifies System Administrators and Information System Security Officers when accounts are modified. If it does not, this is a finding.
Verify the operating system notifies System Administrators and Information System Security Officers when accounts are modified. If it does not, this is a finding.
Fix:
Configure the operating system to notify System Administrators and Information System Security Officers when accounts are modified.
Configure the operating system to notify System Administrators and Information System Security Officers when accounts are modified.
Vuln ID:
V-57199
Rule ID:
SV-71459r2_rule
Group ID:
SRG-OS-000276-GPOS-00106
Version:
SRG-OS-000276-GPOS-00106
CCI:
CCI-001685
Severity:
Medium
Description:
When operating system accounts are disabled, user accessibility is affected. Accounts are utilized for identifying individual operating system users or for identifying the operating system processes themselves. Sending notification of account disabling events to the system administrator and ISSO is one method for mitigating this risk. Such a capability greatly reduces the risk that operating system accessibility will be negatively affected for extended periods of time and also provides logging that can be used for forensic purposes. To address access requirements, many operating systems can be integrated with enterprise-level authentication/access/auditing mechanisms that meet or exceed access control policy requirements.
When operating system accounts are disabled, user accessibility is affected. Accounts are utilized for identifying individual operating system users or for identifying the operating system processes themselves. Sending notification of account disabling events to the system administrator and ISSO is one method for mitigating this risk. Such a capability greatly reduces the risk that operating system accessibility will be negatively affected for extended periods of time and also provides logging that can be used for forensic purposes. To address access requirements, many operating systems can be integrated with enterprise-level authentication/access/auditing mechanisms that meet or exceed access control policy requirements.
Check:
Verify the operating system notifies System Administrators and Information System Security Officers when accounts are disabled. If it does not, this is a finding.
Verify the operating system notifies System Administrators and Information System Security Officers when accounts are disabled. If it does not, this is a finding.
Fix:
Configure the operating system to notify System Administrators and Information System Security Officers when accounts are disabled.
Configure the operating system to notify System Administrators and Information System Security Officers when accounts are disabled.
Vuln ID:
V-57201
Rule ID:
SV-71461r2_rule
Group ID:
SRG-OS-000277-GPOS-00107
Version:
SRG-OS-000277-GPOS-00107
CCI:
CCI-001686
Severity:
Medium
Description:
When operating system accounts are removed, user accessibility is affected. Accounts are utilized for identifying individual operating system users or for identifying the operating system processes themselves. Sending notification of account removal events to the system administrator and ISSO is one method for mitigating this risk. Such a capability greatly reduces the risk that operating system accessibility will be negatively affected for extended periods of time and also provides logging that can be used for forensic purposes. To address access requirements, many operating systems can be integrated with enterprise-level authentication/access/auditing mechanisms that meet or exceed access control policy requirements.
When operating system accounts are removed, user accessibility is affected. Accounts are utilized for identifying individual operating system users or for identifying the operating system processes themselves. Sending notification of account removal events to the system administrator and ISSO is one method for mitigating this risk. Such a capability greatly reduces the risk that operating system accessibility will be negatively affected for extended periods of time and also provides logging that can be used for forensic purposes. To address access requirements, many operating systems can be integrated with enterprise-level authentication/access/auditing mechanisms that meet or exceed access control policy requirements.
Check:
Verify the operating system notifies System Administrators and Information System Security Officers for account removal actions. If it does not, this is a finding.
Verify the operating system notifies System Administrators and Information System Security Officers for account removal actions. If it does not, this is a finding.
Fix:
Configure the operating system to notify System Administrators and Information System Security Officers for account removal actions.
Configure the operating system to notify System Administrators and Information System Security Officers for account removal actions.
Vuln ID:
V-57203
Rule ID:
SV-71463r1_rule
Group ID:
SRG-OS-000356-GPOS-00144
Version:
SRG-OS-000356-GPOS-00144
CCI:
CCI-002046
Severity:
Medium
Description:
Inaccurate time stamps make it more difficult to correlate events and can lead to an inaccurate analysis. Determining the correct time a particular event occurred on a system is critical when conducting forensic analysis and investigating system events. Synchronizing internal information system clocks provides uniformity of time stamps for information systems with multiple system clocks and systems connected over a network. Organizations should consider setting time periods for different types of systems (e.g., financial, legal, or mission-critical systems). Organizations should also consider endpoints that may not have regular access to the authoritative time server (e.g., mobile, teleworking, and tactical endpoints). This requirement is related to the comparison done every 24 hours in SRG-OS-000355 because a comparison must be done in order to determine the time difference.
Inaccurate time stamps make it more difficult to correlate events and can lead to an inaccurate analysis. Determining the correct time a particular event occurred on a system is critical when conducting forensic analysis and investigating system events. Synchronizing internal information system clocks provides uniformity of time stamps for information systems with multiple system clocks and systems connected over a network. Organizations should consider setting time periods for different types of systems (e.g., financial, legal, or mission-critical systems). Organizations should also consider endpoints that may not have regular access to the authoritative time server (e.g., mobile, teleworking, and tactical endpoints). This requirement is related to the comparison done every 24 hours in SRG-OS-000355 because a comparison must be done in order to determine the time difference.
Check:
Verify the operating system synchronizes internal information system clocks to the authoritative time source when the time difference is greater than one second. If it does not, this is a finding.
Verify the operating system synchronizes internal information system clocks to the authoritative time source when the time difference is greater than one second. If it does not, this is a finding.
Fix:
Configure the operating system to synchronize internal information system clocks to the authoritative time source when the time difference is greater than the organization-defined time period.
Configure the operating system to synchronize internal information system clocks to the authoritative time source when the time difference is greater than the organization-defined time period.
Vuln ID:
V-57205
Rule ID:
SV-71465r1_rule
Group ID:
SRG-OS-000278-GPOS-00108
Version:
SRG-OS-000278-GPOS-00108
CCI:
CCI-001496
Severity:
Medium
Description:
Protecting the integrity of the tools used for auditing purposes is a critical step toward ensuring the integrity of audit information. Audit information includes all information (e.g., audit records, audit settings, and audit reports) needed to successfully audit information system activity. Audit tools include, but are not limited to, vendor-provided and open source audit tools needed to successfully view and manipulate audit information system activity and records. Audit tools include custom queries and report generators. It is not uncommon for attackers to replace the audit tools or inject code into the existing tools with the purpose of providing the capability to hide or erase system activity from the audit logs. To address this risk, audit tools must be cryptographically signed in order to provide the capability to identify when the audit tools have been modified, manipulated, or replaced. An example is a checksum hash of the file or files.
Protecting the integrity of the tools used for auditing purposes is a critical step toward ensuring the integrity of audit information. Audit information includes all information (e.g., audit records, audit settings, and audit reports) needed to successfully audit information system activity. Audit tools include, but are not limited to, vendor-provided and open source audit tools needed to successfully view and manipulate audit information system activity and records. Audit tools include custom queries and report generators. It is not uncommon for attackers to replace the audit tools or inject code into the existing tools with the purpose of providing the capability to hide or erase system activity from the audit logs. To address this risk, audit tools must be cryptographically signed in order to provide the capability to identify when the audit tools have been modified, manipulated, or replaced. An example is a checksum hash of the file or files.
Check:
Verify the operating system uses cryptographic mechanisms to protect the integrity of audit tools. If it does not, this is a finding.
Verify the operating system uses cryptographic mechanisms to protect the integrity of audit tools. If it does not, this is a finding.
Fix:
Configure the operating system to use cryptographic mechanisms to protect the integrity of audit tools.
Configure the operating system to use cryptographic mechanisms to protect the integrity of audit tools.
Vuln ID:
V-57207
Rule ID:
SV-71467r1_rule
Group ID:
SRG-OS-000279-GPOS-00109
Version:
SRG-OS-000279-GPOS-00109
CCI:
CCI-002361
Severity:
Medium
Description:
Automatic session termination addresses the termination of user-initiated logical sessions in contrast to the termination of network connections that are associated with communications sessions (i.e., network disconnect). A logical session (for local, network, and remote access) is initiated whenever a user (or process acting on behalf of a user) accesses an organizational information system. Such user sessions can be terminated (and thus terminate user access) without terminating network sessions. Session termination terminates all processes associated with a user's logical session except those processes that are specifically created by the user (i.e., session owner) to continue after the session is terminated. Conditions or trigger events requiring automatic session termination can include, for example, organization-defined periods of user inactivity, targeted responses to certain types of incidents, and time-of-day restrictions on information system use. This capability is typically reserved for specific operating system functionality where the system owner, data owner, or organization requires additional assurance.
Automatic session termination addresses the termination of user-initiated logical sessions in contrast to the termination of network connections that are associated with communications sessions (i.e., network disconnect). A logical session (for local, network, and remote access) is initiated whenever a user (or process acting on behalf of a user) accesses an organizational information system. Such user sessions can be terminated (and thus terminate user access) without terminating network sessions. Session termination terminates all processes associated with a user's logical session except those processes that are specifically created by the user (i.e., session owner) to continue after the session is terminated. Conditions or trigger events requiring automatic session termination can include, for example, organization-defined periods of user inactivity, targeted responses to certain types of incidents, and time-of-day restrictions on information system use. This capability is typically reserved for specific operating system functionality where the system owner, data owner, or organization requires additional assurance.
Check:
Verify the operating system automatically terminates a user session after inactivity time-outs have expired or at shutdown. If it does not, this is a finding.
Verify the operating system automatically terminates a user session after inactivity time-outs have expired or at shutdown. If it does not, this is a finding.
Fix:
Configure the operating system to automatically terminate a user session after inactivity time-outs have expired or at shutdown.
Configure the operating system to automatically terminate a user session after inactivity time-outs have expired or at shutdown.
Vuln ID:
V-57209
Rule ID:
SV-71469r1_rule
Group ID:
SRG-OS-000280-GPOS-00110
Version:
SRG-OS-000280-GPOS-00110
CCI:
CCI-002363
Severity:
Medium
Description:
If a user cannot explicitly end an operating system session, the session may remain open and be exploited by an attacker; this is referred to as a zombie session. Information resources to which users gain access via authentication include, for example, local workstations and remote services. For some types of interactive sessions, including, for example, remote logon, information systems typically send logoff messages as final messages prior to terminating sessions.
If a user cannot explicitly end an operating system session, the session may remain open and be exploited by an attacker; this is referred to as a zombie session. Information resources to which users gain access via authentication include, for example, local workstations and remote services. For some types of interactive sessions, including, for example, remote logon, information systems typically send logoff messages as final messages prior to terminating sessions.
Check:
Verify the operating system provides a logoff capability for user-initiated communications sessions when requiring user access authentication. If it does not, this is a finding.
Verify the operating system provides a logoff capability for user-initiated communications sessions when requiring user access authentication. If it does not, this is a finding.
Fix:
Configure the operating system to provide a logoff capability for user-initiated communications sessions when requiring user access authentication.
Configure the operating system to provide a logoff capability for user-initiated communications sessions when requiring user access authentication.
Vuln ID:
V-57211
Rule ID:
SV-71471r1_rule
Group ID:
SRG-OS-000281-GPOS-00111
Version:
SRG-OS-000281-GPOS-00111
CCI:
CCI-002364
Severity:
Medium
Description:
If a user cannot explicitly end an operating system session, the session may remain open and be exploited by an attacker; this is referred to as a zombie session. Users need to be aware of whether or not the session has been terminated. Information resources to which users gain access via authentication include, for example, local workstations and remote services. Logoff messages can be displayed after authenticated sessions have been terminated. However, for some types of interactive sessions, including, for example, remote logon, information systems typically send logoff messages as final messages prior to terminating sessions.
If a user cannot explicitly end an operating system session, the session may remain open and be exploited by an attacker; this is referred to as a zombie session. Users need to be aware of whether or not the session has been terminated. Information resources to which users gain access via authentication include, for example, local workstations and remote services. Logoff messages can be displayed after authenticated sessions have been terminated. However, for some types of interactive sessions, including, for example, remote logon, information systems typically send logoff messages as final messages prior to terminating sessions.
Check:
Verify the operating system displays an explicit logoff message to users indicating the reliable termination of authenticated communications sessions. If it does not, this is a finding.
Verify the operating system displays an explicit logoff message to users indicating the reliable termination of authenticated communications sessions. If it does not, this is a finding.
Fix:
Configure the operating system to display an explicit logoff message to users indicating the reliable termination of authenticated communications sessions.
Configure the operating system to display an explicit logoff message to users indicating the reliable termination of authenticated communications sessions.
Vuln ID:
V-57213
Rule ID:
SV-71473r1_rule
Group ID:
SRG-OS-000297-GPOS-00115
Version:
SRG-OS-000297-GPOS-00115
CCI:
CCI-002314
Severity:
Medium
Description:
Remote access services, such as those providing remote access to network devices and information systems, which lack automated control capabilities, increase risk and make remote user access management difficult at best. Remote access is access to DoD nonpublic information systems by an authorized user (or an information system) communicating through an external, non-organization-controlled network. Remote access methods include, for example, dial-up, broadband, and wireless. Operating system functionality (e.g., RDP) must be capable of taking enforcement action if the audit reveals unauthorized activity. Automated control of remote access sessions allows organizations to ensure ongoing compliance with remote access policies by enforcing connection rules of remote access applications on a variety of information system components (e.g., servers, workstations, notebook computers, smartphones, and tablets).
Remote access services, such as those providing remote access to network devices and information systems, which lack automated control capabilities, increase risk and make remote user access management difficult at best. Remote access is access to DoD nonpublic information systems by an authorized user (or an information system) communicating through an external, non-organization-controlled network. Remote access methods include, for example, dial-up, broadband, and wireless. Operating system functionality (e.g., RDP) must be capable of taking enforcement action if the audit reveals unauthorized activity. Automated control of remote access sessions allows organizations to ensure ongoing compliance with remote access policies by enforcing connection rules of remote access applications on a variety of information system components (e.g., servers, workstations, notebook computers, smartphones, and tablets).
Check:
Verify the operating system controls remote access methods. If it does not, this is a finding.
Verify the operating system controls remote access methods. If it does not, this is a finding.
Fix:
Configure the operating system to control remote access methods.
Configure the operating system to control remote access methods.
Vuln ID:
V-57215
Rule ID:
SV-71475r1_rule
Group ID:
SRG-OS-000298-GPOS-00116
Version:
SRG-OS-000298-GPOS-00116
CCI:
CCI-002322
Severity:
Medium
Description:
Without the ability to immediately disconnect or disable remote access, an attack or other compromise taking place would not be immediately stopped. Operating system remote access functionality must have the capability to immediately disconnect current users remotely accessing the information system and/or disable further remote access. The speed of disconnect or disablement varies based on the criticality of missions functions and the need to eliminate immediate or future remote access to organizational information systems. The remote access functionality (e.g., RDP) may implement features such as automatic disconnect (or user-initiated disconnect) in case of adverse information based on an indicator of compromise or attack.
Without the ability to immediately disconnect or disable remote access, an attack or other compromise taking place would not be immediately stopped. Operating system remote access functionality must have the capability to immediately disconnect current users remotely accessing the information system and/or disable further remote access. The speed of disconnect or disablement varies based on the criticality of missions functions and the need to eliminate immediate or future remote access to organizational information systems. The remote access functionality (e.g., RDP) may implement features such as automatic disconnect (or user-initiated disconnect) in case of adverse information based on an indicator of compromise or attack.
Check:
Verify the operating system provides the capability to immediately disconnect or disable remote access to the operating system. If it does not, this is a finding.
Verify the operating system provides the capability to immediately disconnect or disable remote access to the operating system. If it does not, this is a finding.
Fix:
Configure the operating system to provide the capability to immediately disconnect or disable remote access to the operating system.
Configure the operating system to provide the capability to immediately disconnect or disable remote access to the operating system.
Vuln ID:
V-57217
Rule ID:
SV-71477r1_rule
Group ID:
SRG-OS-000299-GPOS-00117
Version:
SRG-OS-000299-GPOS-00117
CCI:
CCI-001444
Severity:
Medium
Description:
Allowing devices and users to connect to or from the system without first authenticating them allows untrusted access and can lead to a compromise or attack. Since wireless communications can be intercepted, it is necessary to use encryption to protect the confidentiality of information in transit. Wireless technologies include, for example, microwave, packet radio (UHF/VHF), 802.11x, and Bluetooth. Wireless networks use authentication protocols (e.g., EAP/TLS, PEAP), which provide credential protection and mutual authentication. This requirement applies to those operating systems that control wireless devices.
Allowing devices and users to connect to or from the system without first authenticating them allows untrusted access and can lead to a compromise or attack. Since wireless communications can be intercepted, it is necessary to use encryption to protect the confidentiality of information in transit. Wireless technologies include, for example, microwave, packet radio (UHF/VHF), 802.11x, and Bluetooth. Wireless networks use authentication protocols (e.g., EAP/TLS, PEAP), which provide credential protection and mutual authentication. This requirement applies to those operating systems that control wireless devices.
Check:
Verify the operating system protects wireless access to and from the system using encryption. If it does not, this is a finding.
Verify the operating system protects wireless access to and from the system using encryption. If it does not, this is a finding.
Fix:
Configure the operating system to protect wireless access to and from the system using encryption.
Configure the operating system to protect wireless access to and from the system using encryption.
Vuln ID:
V-57219
Rule ID:
SV-71479r1_rule
Group ID:
SRG-OS-000300-GPOS-00118
Version:
SRG-OS-000300-GPOS-00118
CCI:
CCI-001443
Severity:
Medium
Description:
Allowing devices and users to connect to the system without first authenticating them allows untrusted access and can lead to a compromise or attack. Wireless technologies include, for example, microwave, packet radio (UHF/VHF), 802.11x, and Bluetooth. Wireless networks use authentication protocols (e.g., EAP/TLS, PEAP), which provide credential protection and mutual authentication. This requirement applies to those operating systems that control wireless devices.
Allowing devices and users to connect to the system without first authenticating them allows untrusted access and can lead to a compromise or attack. Wireless technologies include, for example, microwave, packet radio (UHF/VHF), 802.11x, and Bluetooth. Wireless networks use authentication protocols (e.g., EAP/TLS, PEAP), which provide credential protection and mutual authentication. This requirement applies to those operating systems that control wireless devices.
Check:
Verify the operating system protects wireless access to the system using authentication of users and/or devices. If it does not, this is a finding.
Verify the operating system protects wireless access to the system using authentication of users and/or devices. If it does not, this is a finding.
Fix:
Configure the operating system to protect wireless access to the system using authentication of users and/or devices.
Configure the operating system to protect wireless access to the system using authentication of users and/or devices.
Vuln ID:
V-57221
Rule ID:
SV-71481r2_rule
Group ID:
SRG-OS-000303-GPOS-00120
Version:
SRG-OS-000303-GPOS-00120
CCI:
CCI-002130
Severity:
Medium
Description:
Once an attacker establishes access to a system, the attacker often attempts to create a persistent method of reestablishing access. One way to accomplish this is for the attacker to enable a new or disabled account. Auditing account modification actions provides logging that can be used for forensic purposes. To address access requirements, many operating systems can be integrated with enterprise-level authentication/access/auditing mechanisms that meet or exceed access control policy requirements.
Once an attacker establishes access to a system, the attacker often attempts to create a persistent method of reestablishing access. One way to accomplish this is for the attacker to enable a new or disabled account. Auditing account modification actions provides logging that can be used for forensic purposes. To address access requirements, many operating systems can be integrated with enterprise-level authentication/access/auditing mechanisms that meet or exceed access control policy requirements.
Check:
Verify the operating system automatically audits account enabling actions. If it does not, this is a finding.
Verify the operating system automatically audits account enabling actions. If it does not, this is a finding.
Fix:
Configure the operating system to automatically audit account enabling actions.
Configure the operating system to automatically audit account enabling actions.
Vuln ID:
V-57223
Rule ID:
SV-71483r2_rule
Group ID:
SRG-OS-000304-GPOS-00121
Version:
SRG-OS-000304-GPOS-00121
CCI:
CCI-002132
Severity:
Medium
Description:
Once an attacker establishes access to a system, the attacker often attempts to create a persistent method of reestablishing access. One way to accomplish this is for the attacker to enable an existing disabled account. Sending notification of account enabling actions to the system administrator and ISSO is one method for mitigating this risk. Such a capability greatly reduces the risk that operating system accessibility will be negatively affected for extended periods of time and also provides logging that can be used for forensic purposes. In order to detect and respond to events that affect user accessibility and application processing, operating systems must audit account enabling actions and, as required, notify the appropriate individuals so they can investigate the event. To address access requirements, many operating systems can be integrated with enterprise-level authentication/access/auditing mechanisms that meet or exceed access control policy requirements.
Once an attacker establishes access to a system, the attacker often attempts to create a persistent method of reestablishing access. One way to accomplish this is for the attacker to enable an existing disabled account. Sending notification of account enabling actions to the system administrator and ISSO is one method for mitigating this risk. Such a capability greatly reduces the risk that operating system accessibility will be negatively affected for extended periods of time and also provides logging that can be used for forensic purposes. In order to detect and respond to events that affect user accessibility and application processing, operating systems must audit account enabling actions and, as required, notify the appropriate individuals so they can investigate the event. To address access requirements, many operating systems can be integrated with enterprise-level authentication/access/auditing mechanisms that meet or exceed access control policy requirements.
Check:
Verify the operating system notifies the System Administrator and Information System Security Officer(s) when accounts are created, or enabled when previously disabled. If it does not, this is a finding.
Verify the operating system notifies the System Administrator and Information System Security Officer(s) when accounts are created, or enabled when previously disabled. If it does not, this is a finding.
Fix:
Configure the operating system to notify the System Administrator(s) and Information System Security Officer(s) when accounts are created, or enabled when previously disabled.
Configure the operating system to notify the System Administrator(s) and Information System Security Officer(s) when accounts are created, or enabled when previously disabled.
Vuln ID:
V-57225
Rule ID:
SV-71485r1_rule
Group ID:
SRG-OS-000312-GPOS-00122
Version:
SRG-OS-000312-GPOS-00122
CCI:
CCI-002165
Severity:
Medium
Description:
Discretionary Access Control (DAC) is based on the notion that individual users are "owners" of objects and therefore have discretion over who should be authorized to access the object and in which mode (e.g., read or write). Ownership is usually acquired as a consequence of creating the object or via specified ownership assignment. DAC allows the owner to determine who will have access to objects they control. An example of DAC includes user-controlled file permissions. When discretionary access control policies are implemented, subjects are not constrained with regard to what actions they can take with information for which they have already been granted access. Thus, subjects that have been granted access to information are not prevented from passing (i.e., the subjects have the discretion to pass) the information to other subjects or objects. A subject that is constrained in its operation by Mandatory Access Control policies is still able to operate under the less rigorous constraints of this requirement. Thus, while Mandatory Access Control imposes constraints preventing a subject from passing information to another subject operating at a different sensitivity level, this requirement permits the subject to pass the information to any subject at the same sensitivity level. The policy is bounded by the information system boundary. Once the information is passed outside the control of the information system, additional means may be required to ensure the constraints remain in effect. While the older, more traditional definitions of discretionary access control require identity-based access control, that limitation is not required for this use of discretionary access control.
Discretionary Access Control (DAC) is based on the notion that individual users are "owners" of objects and therefore have discretion over who should be authorized to access the object and in which mode (e.g., read or write). Ownership is usually acquired as a consequence of creating the object or via specified ownership assignment. DAC allows the owner to determine who will have access to objects they control. An example of DAC includes user-controlled file permissions. When discretionary access control policies are implemented, subjects are not constrained with regard to what actions they can take with information for which they have already been granted access. Thus, subjects that have been granted access to information are not prevented from passing (i.e., the subjects have the discretion to pass) the information to other subjects or objects. A subject that is constrained in its operation by Mandatory Access Control policies is still able to operate under the less rigorous constraints of this requirement. Thus, while Mandatory Access Control imposes constraints preventing a subject from passing information to another subject operating at a different sensitivity level, this requirement permits the subject to pass the information to any subject at the same sensitivity level. The policy is bounded by the information system boundary. Once the information is passed outside the control of the information system, additional means may be required to ensure the constraints remain in effect. While the older, more traditional definitions of discretionary access control require identity-based access control, that limitation is not required for this use of discretionary access control.
Check:
Verify the operating system allows operating system admins to pass information to any other operating system admin or user. If it does not, this is a finding.
Verify the operating system allows operating system admins to pass information to any other operating system admin or user. If it does not, this is a finding.
Fix:
Configure the operating system to allow operating system admins to pass information to any other operating system admin or user.
Configure the operating system to allow operating system admins to pass information to any other operating system admin or user.
Vuln ID:
V-57227
Rule ID:
SV-71487r1_rule
Group ID:
SRG-OS-000312-GPOS-00123
Version:
SRG-OS-000312-GPOS-00123
CCI:
CCI-002165
Severity:
Medium
Description:
Discretionary Access Control (DAC) is based on the notion that individual users are "owners" of objects and therefore have discretion over who should be authorized to access the object and in which mode (e.g., read or write). Ownership is usually acquired as a consequence of creating the object or via specified ownership assignment. DAC allows the owner to determine who will have access to objects they control. An example of DAC includes user-controlled file permissions. When discretionary access control policies are implemented, subjects are not constrained with regard to what actions they can take with information for which they have already been granted access. Thus, subjects that have been granted access to information are not prevented from passing (i.e., the subjects have the discretion to pass) the information to other subjects or objects. A subject that is constrained in its operation by Mandatory Access Control policies is still able to operate under the less rigorous constraints of this requirement. Thus, while Mandatory Access Control imposes constraints preventing a subject from passing information to another subject operating at a different sensitivity level, this requirement permits the subject to pass the information to any subject at the same sensitivity level. The policy is bounded by the information system boundary. Once the information is passed outside the control of the information system, additional means may be required to ensure the constraints remain in effect. While the older, more traditional definitions of discretionary access control require identity-based access control, that limitation is not required for this use of discretionary access control.
Discretionary Access Control (DAC) is based on the notion that individual users are "owners" of objects and therefore have discretion over who should be authorized to access the object and in which mode (e.g., read or write). Ownership is usually acquired as a consequence of creating the object or via specified ownership assignment. DAC allows the owner to determine who will have access to objects they control. An example of DAC includes user-controlled file permissions. When discretionary access control policies are implemented, subjects are not constrained with regard to what actions they can take with information for which they have already been granted access. Thus, subjects that have been granted access to information are not prevented from passing (i.e., the subjects have the discretion to pass) the information to other subjects or objects. A subject that is constrained in its operation by Mandatory Access Control policies is still able to operate under the less rigorous constraints of this requirement. Thus, while Mandatory Access Control imposes constraints preventing a subject from passing information to another subject operating at a different sensitivity level, this requirement permits the subject to pass the information to any subject at the same sensitivity level. The policy is bounded by the information system boundary. Once the information is passed outside the control of the information system, additional means may be required to ensure the constraints remain in effect. While the older, more traditional definitions of discretionary access control require identity-based access control, that limitation is not required for this use of discretionary access control.
Check:
Verify the operating system allows operating system admins to grant their privileges to other operating system admins. If it does not, this is a finding.
Verify the operating system allows operating system admins to grant their privileges to other operating system admins. If it does not, this is a finding.
Fix:
Configure the operating system to allow operating system admins to grant their privileges to other operating system admins.
Configure the operating system to allow operating system admins to grant their privileges to other operating system admins.
Vuln ID:
V-57229
Rule ID:
SV-71489r1_rule
Group ID:
SRG-OS-000312-GPOS-00124
Version:
SRG-OS-000312-GPOS-00124
CCI:
CCI-002165
Severity:
Medium
Description:
Discretionary Access Control (DAC) is based on the notion that individual users are "owners" of objects and therefore have discretion over who should be authorized to access the object and in which mode (e.g., read or write). Ownership is usually acquired as a consequence of creating the object or via specified ownership assignment. DAC allows the owner to determine who will have access to objects they control. An example of DAC includes user-controlled file permissions. When discretionary access control policies are implemented, subjects are not constrained with regard to what actions they can take with information for which they have already been granted access. Thus, subjects that have been granted access to information are not prevented from passing (i.e., the subjects have the discretion to pass) the information to other subjects or objects. A subject that is constrained in its operation by Mandatory Access Control policies is still able to operate under the less rigorous constraints of this requirement. Thus, while Mandatory Access Control imposes constraints preventing a subject from passing information to another subject operating at a different sensitivity level, this requirement permits the subject to pass the information to any subject at the same sensitivity level. The policy is bounded by the information system boundary. Once the information is passed outside the control of the information system, additional means may be required to ensure the constraints remain in effect. While the older, more traditional definitions of discretionary access control require identity-based access control, that limitation is not required for this use of discretionary access control.
Discretionary Access Control (DAC) is based on the notion that individual users are "owners" of objects and therefore have discretion over who should be authorized to access the object and in which mode (e.g., read or write). Ownership is usually acquired as a consequence of creating the object or via specified ownership assignment. DAC allows the owner to determine who will have access to objects they control. An example of DAC includes user-controlled file permissions. When discretionary access control policies are implemented, subjects are not constrained with regard to what actions they can take with information for which they have already been granted access. Thus, subjects that have been granted access to information are not prevented from passing (i.e., the subjects have the discretion to pass) the information to other subjects or objects. A subject that is constrained in its operation by Mandatory Access Control policies is still able to operate under the less rigorous constraints of this requirement. Thus, while Mandatory Access Control imposes constraints preventing a subject from passing information to another subject operating at a different sensitivity level, this requirement permits the subject to pass the information to any subject at the same sensitivity level. The policy is bounded by the information system boundary. Once the information is passed outside the control of the information system, additional means may be required to ensure the constraints remain in effect. While the older, more traditional definitions of discretionary access control require identity-based access control, that limitation is not required for this use of discretionary access control.
Check:
Verify the operating system allows operating system admins to change security attributes on users, the operating system, or the operating system's components. If it does not, this is a finding.
Verify the operating system allows operating system admins to change security attributes on users, the operating system, or the operating system's components. If it does not, this is a finding.
Fix:
Configure the operating system to allow operating system admins to change security attributes on users, the operating system, or the operating system's components.
Configure the operating system to allow operating system admins to change security attributes on users, the operating system, or the operating system's components.
Vuln ID:
V-57231
Rule ID:
SV-71491r1_rule
Group ID:
SRG-OS-000324-GPOS-00125
Version:
SRG-OS-000324-GPOS-00125
CCI:
CCI-002235
Severity:
Medium
Description:
Preventing non-privileged users from executing privileged functions mitigates the risk that unauthorized individuals or processes may gain unnecessary access to information or privileges. Privileged functions include, for example, establishing accounts, performing system integrity checks, or administering cryptographic key management activities. Non-privileged users are individuals that do not possess appropriate authorizations. Circumventing intrusion detection and prevention mechanisms or malicious code protection mechanisms are examples of privileged functions that require protection from non-privileged users.
Preventing non-privileged users from executing privileged functions mitigates the risk that unauthorized individuals or processes may gain unnecessary access to information or privileges. Privileged functions include, for example, establishing accounts, performing system integrity checks, or administering cryptographic key management activities. Non-privileged users are individuals that do not possess appropriate authorizations. Circumventing intrusion detection and prevention mechanisms or malicious code protection mechanisms are examples of privileged functions that require protection from non-privileged users.
Check:
Verify that the operating system prevents non-privileged users from executing privileged functions to include disabling, circumventing, or altering implemented security safeguards/countermeasures. If it does not, this is a finding.
Verify that the operating system prevents non-privileged users from executing privileged functions to include disabling, circumventing, or altering implemented security safeguards/countermeasures. If it does not, this is a finding.
Fix:
Configure the operating system to prevent non-privileged users from executing privileged functions to include disabling, circumventing, or altering implemented security safeguards/countermeasures.
Configure the operating system to prevent non-privileged users from executing privileged functions to include disabling, circumventing, or altering implemented security safeguards/countermeasures.
Vuln ID:
V-57233
Rule ID:
SV-71493r1_rule
Group ID:
SRG-OS-000326-GPOS-00126
Version:
SRG-OS-000326-GPOS-00126
CCI:
CCI-002233
Severity:
Medium
Description:
In certain situations, software applications/programs need to execute with elevated privileges to perform required functions. However, if the privileges required for execution are at a higher level than the privileges assigned to organizational users invoking such applications/programs, those users are indirectly provided with greater privileges than assigned by the organizations. Some programs and processes are required to operate at a higher privilege level and therefore should be excluded from the organization-defined software list after review.
In certain situations, software applications/programs need to execute with elevated privileges to perform required functions. However, if the privileges required for execution are at a higher level than the privileges assigned to organizational users invoking such applications/programs, those users are indirectly provided with greater privileges than assigned by the organizations. Some programs and processes are required to operate at a higher privilege level and therefore should be excluded from the organization-defined software list after review.
Check:
Verify that the operating system prevents all software from executing at higher privilege levels than users executing the software. If it does not, this is a finding.
Verify that the operating system prevents all software from executing at higher privilege levels than users executing the software. If it does not, this is a finding.
Fix:
Configure the operating system to prevent all software from executing at higher privilege levels than users executing the software.
Configure the operating system to prevent all software from executing at higher privilege levels than users executing the software.
Vuln ID:
V-57235
Rule ID:
SV-71495r1_rule
Group ID:
SRG-OS-000327-GPOS-00127
Version:
SRG-OS-000327-GPOS-00127
CCI:
CCI-002234
Severity:
Medium
Description:
Misuse of privileged functions, either intentionally or unintentionally by authorized users, or by unauthorized external entities that have compromised information system accounts, is a serious and ongoing concern and can have significant adverse impacts on organizations. Auditing the use of privileged functions is one way to detect such misuse and identify the risk from insider threats and the advanced persistent threat.
Misuse of privileged functions, either intentionally or unintentionally by authorized users, or by unauthorized external entities that have compromised information system accounts, is a serious and ongoing concern and can have significant adverse impacts on organizations. Auditing the use of privileged functions is one way to detect such misuse and identify the risk from insider threats and the advanced persistent threat.
Check:
Verify that the operating system audits the execution of privileged functions. If it does not, this is a finding.
Verify that the operating system audits the execution of privileged functions. If it does not, this is a finding.
Fix:
Configure the operating system to audit the execution of privileged functions.
Configure the operating system to audit the execution of privileged functions.
Vuln ID:
V-57237
Rule ID:
SV-71497r1_rule
Group ID:
SRG-OS-000329-GPOS-00128
Version:
SRG-OS-000329-GPOS-00128
CCI:
CCI-002238
Severity:
Medium
Description:
By limiting the number of failed logon attempts, the risk of unauthorized system access via user password guessing, otherwise known as brute-forcing, is reduced. Limits are imposed by locking the account.
By limiting the number of failed logon attempts, the risk of unauthorized system access via user password guessing, otherwise known as brute-forcing, is reduced. Limits are imposed by locking the account.
Check:
Verify the operating system automatically locks an account until the locked account is released by an administrator when three unsuccessful logon attempts in 15 minutes are made. If it does not, this is a finding.
Verify the operating system automatically locks an account until the locked account is released by an administrator when three unsuccessful logon attempts in 15 minutes are made. If it does not, this is a finding.
Fix:
Configure the operating system to automatically lock an account until the locked account is released by an administrator when three unsuccessful logon attempts in 15 minutes are made.
Configure the operating system to automatically lock an account until the locked account is released by an administrator when three unsuccessful logon attempts in 15 minutes are made.
Vuln ID:
V-57239
Rule ID:
SV-71499r1_rule
Group ID:
SRG-OS-000337-GPOS-00129
Version:
SRG-OS-000337-GPOS-00129
CCI:
CCI-001914
Severity:
Medium
Description:
If authorized individuals do not have the ability to modify auditing parameters in response to a changing threat environment, the organization may not be able to effectively respond, and important forensic information may be lost. This requirement enables organizations to extend or limit auditing as necessary to meet organizational requirements. Auditing that is limited to conserve information system resources may be extended to address certain threat situations. In addition, auditing may be limited to a specific set of events to facilitate audit reduction, analysis, and reporting.
If authorized individuals do not have the ability to modify auditing parameters in response to a changing threat environment, the organization may not be able to effectively respond, and important forensic information may be lost. This requirement enables organizations to extend or limit auditing as necessary to meet organizational requirements. Auditing that is limited to conserve information system resources may be extended to address certain threat situations. In addition, auditing may be limited to a specific set of events to facilitate audit reduction, analysis, and reporting.
Check:
Verify the operating system provides the capability for assigned IMOs/ISSOs or designated SAs to change the auditing to be performed on all operating system components, based on all selectable event criteria in near real time. If it does not, this is a finding.
Verify the operating system provides the capability for assigned IMOs/ISSOs or designated SAs to change the auditing to be performed on all operating system components, based on all selectable event criteria in near real time. If it does not, this is a finding.
Fix:
Configure the operating system to provide the capability for assigned IMOs/ISSOs or designated SAs to change the auditing to be performed on all operating system components, based on all selectable event criteria in near real time.
Configure the operating system to provide the capability for assigned IMOs/ISSOs or designated SAs to change the auditing to be performed on all operating system components, based on all selectable event criteria in near real time.
Vuln ID:
V-57241
Rule ID:
SV-71501r1_rule
Group ID:
SRG-OS-000338-GPOS-00130
Version:
SRG-OS-000338-GPOS-00130
CCI:
CCI-001919
Severity:
Medium
Description:
Without the capability to select a user session to capture/record or view/hear, investigations into suspicious or harmful events would be hampered by the volume of information captured. The volume of information captured may also adversely impact the operation of the network. Session audits may include monitoring keystrokes, screen monitoring software, remote desktop recording, screen mirroring, and recording information and/or file transfers.
Check:
Verify the operating system provides the capability for authorized users to select a user session to capture/record or view/hear. If it does not, this is a finding.
Fix:
Configure the operating system to provide the capability for authorized users to select a user session to capture/record or view/hear.
Vuln ID:
V-57243
Rule ID:
SV-71503r1_rule
Group ID:
SRG-OS-000339-GPOS-00131
Version:
SRG-OS-000339-GPOS-00131
CCI:
CCI-001920
Severity:
Medium
Description:
Without the capability to remotely view/hear all content related to a user session, investigations into suspicious user activity would be hampered. Real-time monitoring allows authorized personnel to take action before additional damage is done. The ability to observe user sessions as they are happening allows for interceding in ongoing events that after-the-fact review of captured content would not allow.
Check:
Verify the operating system provides the capability for authorized users to remotely view/hear, in real time, all content related to an established user session from a component separate from the operating system being monitored. If it does not, this is a finding.
Fix:
Configure the operating system to provide the capability for authorized users to remotely view/hear, in real time, all content related to an established user session from a component separate from the operating system being monitored.
Vuln ID:
V-57245
Rule ID:
SV-71505r1_rule
Group ID:
SRG-OS-000341-GPOS-00132
Version:
SRG-OS-000341-GPOS-00132
CCI:
CCI-001849
Severity:
Medium
Description:
In order to ensure operating systems have a sufficient storage capacity in which to write the audit logs, operating systems need to be able to allocate audit record storage capacity. The task of allocating audit record storage capacity is usually performed during initial installation of the operating system.
In order to ensure operating systems have a sufficient storage capacity in which to write the audit logs, operating systems need to be able to allocate audit record storage capacity. The task of allocating audit record storage capacity is usually performed during initial installation of the operating system.
Check:
Verify the operating system allocates audit record storage capacity to store at least one week's worth of audit records, when audit records are not immediately sent to a central audit record storage facility. If it does not, this is a finding.
Verify the operating system allocates audit record storage capacity to store at least one week's worth of audit records, when audit records are not immediately sent to a central audit record storage facility. If it does not, this is a finding.
Fix:
Configure the operating system to allocate audit record storage capacity to store at least one week's worth of audit records, when audit records are not immediately sent to a central audit record storage facility.
Configure the operating system to allocate audit record storage capacity to store at least one week's worth of audit records, when audit records are not immediately sent to a central audit record storage facility.
Vuln ID:
V-57247
Rule ID:
SV-71507r1_rule
Group ID:
SRG-OS-000342-GPOS-00133
Version:
SRG-OS-000342-GPOS-00133
CCI:
CCI-001851
Severity:
Medium
Description:
Information stored in one location is vulnerable to accidental or incidental deletion or alteration. Off-loading is a common process in information systems with limited audit storage capacity.
Information stored in one location is vulnerable to accidental or incidental deletion or alteration. Off-loading is a common process in information systems with limited audit storage capacity.
Check:
Verify the operating system off-loads audit records onto a different system or media from the system being audited. If it does not, this is a finding.
Verify the operating system off-loads audit records onto a different system or media from the system being audited. If it does not, this is a finding.
Fix:
Configure the operating system to off-load audit records onto a different system or media from the system being audited.
Configure the operating system to off-load audit records onto a different system or media from the system being audited.
Vuln ID:
V-57249
Rule ID:
SV-71509r1_rule
Group ID:
SRG-OS-000343-GPOS-00134
Version:
SRG-OS-000343-GPOS-00134
CCI:
CCI-001855
Severity:
Medium
Description:
If security personnel are not notified immediately when storage volume reaches 75% utilization, they are unable to plan for audit record storage capacity expansion.
If security personnel are not notified immediately when storage volume reaches 75% utilization, they are unable to plan for audit record storage capacity expansion.
Check:
Verify the operating system immediately notifies the SA and ISSO (at a minimum) when allocated audit record storage volume reaches 75% of the repository maximum audit record storage capacity. If it does not, this is a finding.
Verify the operating system immediately notifies the SA and ISSO (at a minimum) when allocated audit record storage volume reaches 75% of the repository maximum audit record storage capacity. If it does not, this is a finding.
Fix:
Configure the operating system to immediately notify the SA and ISSO (at a minimum) when allocated audit record storage volume reaches 75% of the repository maximum audit record storage capacity.
Configure the operating system to immediately notify the SA and ISSO (at a minimum) when allocated audit record storage volume reaches 75% of the repository maximum audit record storage capacity.
Vuln ID:
V-57251
Rule ID:
SV-71511r1_rule
Group ID:
SRG-OS-000344-GPOS-00135
Version:
SRG-OS-000344-GPOS-00135
CCI:
CCI-001858
Severity:
Medium
Description:
It is critical for the appropriate personnel to be aware if a system is at risk of failing to process audit logs as required. Without a real-time alert, security personnel may be unaware of an impending failure of the audit capability and system operation may be adversely affected. Alerts provide organizations with urgent messages. Real-time alerts provide these messages immediately (i.e., the time from event detection to alert occurs in seconds or less).
It is critical for the appropriate personnel to be aware if a system is at risk of failing to process audit logs as required. Without a real-time alert, security personnel may be unaware of an impending failure of the audit capability and system operation may be adversely affected. Alerts provide organizations with urgent messages. Real-time alerts provide these messages immediately (i.e., the time from event detection to alert occurs in seconds or less).
Check:
Verify the operating system provides an immediate real-time alert to the SA and ISSO, at a minimum, of all audit failure events requiring real-time alerts. If it does not, this is a finding.
Verify the operating system provides an immediate real-time alert to the SA and ISSO, at a minimum, of all audit failure events requiring real-time alerts. If it does not, this is a finding.
Fix:
Configure the operating system to provide an immediate real-time alert to the SA and ISSO, at a minimum, of all audit failure events requiring real-time alerts.
Configure the operating system to provide an immediate real-time alert to the SA and ISSO, at a minimum, of all audit failure events requiring real-time alerts.
Vuln ID:
V-57253
Rule ID:
SV-71513r1_rule
Group ID:
SRG-OS-000348-GPOS-00136
Version:
SRG-OS-000348-GPOS-00136
CCI:
CCI-001875
Severity:
Medium
Description:
The ability to perform on-demand audit review and analysis, including after the audit data has been subjected to audit reduction, greatly facilitates the organization's ability to generate incident reports, as needed, to better handle larger-scale or more complex security incidents. Audit reduction is a technique used to reduce the volume of audit records in order to facilitate a manual review. Audit reduction does not alter original audit records. The report generation capability provided by the application must support on-demand (i.e., customizable, ad hoc, and as-needed) reports.
The ability to perform on-demand audit review and analysis, including after the audit data has been subjected to audit reduction, greatly facilitates the organization's ability to generate incident reports, as needed, to better handle larger-scale or more complex security incidents. Audit reduction is a technique used to reduce the volume of audit records in order to facilitate a manual review. Audit reduction does not alter original audit records. The report generation capability provided by the application must support on-demand (i.e., customizable, ad hoc, and as-needed) reports.
Check:
Verify the operating system provides an audit reduction capability that supports on-demand audit review and analysis. If it does not, this is a finding.
Verify the operating system provides an audit reduction capability that supports on-demand audit review and analysis. If it does not, this is a finding.
Fix:
Configure the operating system to provide an audit reduction capability that supports on-demand audit review and analysis.
Configure the operating system to provide an audit reduction capability that supports on-demand audit review and analysis.
Vuln ID:
V-57255
Rule ID:
SV-71515r1_rule
Group ID:
SRG-OS-000349-GPOS-00137
Version:
SRG-OS-000349-GPOS-00137
CCI:
CCI-001877
Severity:
Medium
Description:
If the audit reduction capability does not support after-the-fact investigations, it is difficult to establish, correlate, and investigate the events leading up to an outage or attack or identify those responses for one. This capability is also required to comply with applicable Federal laws and DoD policies. Audit reduction capability must support after-the-fact investigations of security incidents either natively or through the use of third-party tools. This requirement is specific to operating systems with audit reduction capabilities.
If the audit reduction capability does not support after-the-fact investigations, it is difficult to establish, correlate, and investigate the events leading up to an outage or attack or identify those responses for one. This capability is also required to comply with applicable Federal laws and DoD policies. Audit reduction capability must support after-the-fact investigations of security incidents either natively or through the use of third-party tools. This requirement is specific to operating systems with audit reduction capabilities.
Check:
Verify the operating system provides an audit reduction capability that supports after-the-fact investigations of security incidents. If it does not, this is a finding.
Verify the operating system provides an audit reduction capability that supports after-the-fact investigations of security incidents. If it does not, this is a finding.
Fix:
Configure the operating system to provide an audit reduction capability that supports after-the-fact investigations of security incidents.
Configure the operating system to provide an audit reduction capability that supports after-the-fact investigations of security incidents.
Vuln ID:
V-57257
Rule ID:
SV-71517r1_rule
Group ID:
SRG-OS-000350-GPOS-00138
Version:
SRG-OS-000350-GPOS-00138
CCI:
CCI-001878
Severity:
Medium
Description:
The report generation capability must support on-demand review and analysis in order to facilitate the organization's ability to generate incident reports, as needed, to better handle larger-scale or more complex security incidents. Report generation must be capable of generating on-demand (i.e., customizable, ad hoc, and as-needed) reports. On-demand reporting allows personnel to report issues more rapidly to more effectively meet reporting requirements. Collecting log data and aggregating it to present the data in a single, consolidated report achieves this objective.
The report generation capability must support on-demand review and analysis in order to facilitate the organization's ability to generate incident reports, as needed, to better handle larger-scale or more complex security incidents. Report generation must be capable of generating on-demand (i.e., customizable, ad hoc, and as-needed) reports. On-demand reporting allows personnel to report issues more rapidly to more effectively meet reporting requirements. Collecting log data and aggregating it to present the data in a single, consolidated report achieves this objective.
Check:
Verify the operating system provides a report generation capability that supports on-demand audit review and analysis. If it does not, this is a finding.
Verify the operating system provides a report generation capability that supports on-demand audit review and analysis. If it does not, this is a finding.
Fix:
Configure the operating system to provide a report generation capability that supports on-demand audit review and analysis.
Configure the operating system to provide a report generation capability that supports on-demand audit review and analysis.
Vuln ID:
V-57259
Rule ID:
SV-71519r1_rule
Group ID:
SRG-OS-000351-GPOS-00139
Version:
SRG-OS-000351-GPOS-00139
CCI:
CCI-001879
Severity:
Medium
Description:
The report generation capability must support on-demand reporting in order to facilitate the organization's ability to generate incident reports, as needed, to better handle larger-scale or more complex security incidents. Report generation must be capable of generating on-demand (i.e., customizable, ad hoc, and as-needed) reports. On-demand reporting allows personnel to report issues more rapidly to more effectively meet reporting requirements. Collecting log data and aggregating it to present the data in a single, consolidated report achieves this objective.
The report generation capability must support on-demand reporting in order to facilitate the organization's ability to generate incident reports, as needed, to better handle larger-scale or more complex security incidents. Report generation must be capable of generating on-demand (i.e., customizable, ad hoc, and as-needed) reports. On-demand reporting allows personnel to report issues more rapidly to more effectively meet reporting requirements. Collecting log data and aggregating it to present the data in a single, consolidated report achieves this objective.
Check:
Verify the operating system provides a report generation capability that supports on-demand reporting requirements. If it does not, this is a finding.
Verify the operating system provides a report generation capability that supports on-demand reporting requirements. If it does not, this is a finding.
Fix:
Ensure the operating system provides a report generation capability that supports on-demand reporting requirements.
Ensure the operating system provides a report generation capability that supports on-demand reporting requirements.
Vuln ID:
V-57261
Rule ID:
SV-71521r1_rule
Group ID:
SRG-OS-000352-GPOS-00140
Version:
SRG-OS-000352-GPOS-00140
CCI:
CCI-001880
Severity:
Medium
Description:
If the report generation capability does not support after-the-fact investigations, it is difficult to establish, correlate, and investigate the events leading up to an outage or attack or identify those responses for one. This capability is also required to comply with applicable Federal laws and DoD policies. The report generation capability must support after-the-fact investigations of security incidents either natively or through the use of third-party tools.
If the report generation capability does not support after-the-fact investigations, it is difficult to establish, correlate, and investigate the events leading up to an outage or attack or identify those responses for one. This capability is also required to comply with applicable Federal laws and DoD policies. The report generation capability must support after-the-fact investigations of security incidents either natively or through the use of third-party tools.
Check:
Verify the operating system provides a report generation capability that supports after-the-fact investigations of security incidents. If it does not, this is a finding.
Verify the operating system provides a report generation capability that supports after-the-fact investigations of security incidents. If it does not, this is a finding.
Fix:
Ensure the operating system provides a report generation capability that supports after-the-fact investigations of security incidents.
Ensure the operating system provides a report generation capability that supports after-the-fact investigations of security incidents.
Vuln ID:
V-57263
Rule ID:
SV-71523r1_rule
Group ID:
SRG-OS-000353-GPOS-00141
Version:
SRG-OS-000353-GPOS-00141
CCI:
CCI-001881
Severity:
Medium
Description:
If the audit reduction capability alters the content or time ordering of audit records, the integrity of the audit records is compromised, and the records are no longer usable for forensic analysis. Audit reduction is a process that manipulates collected audit information and organizes such information in a summary format that is more meaningful to analysts. Time ordering refers to the chronological organization of records based on time stamps. The degree of time stamp precision can affect this. This requirement is specific to operating systems providing audit reduction capabilities. The audit reduction capability can be met either natively or through the use of third-party tools.
If the audit reduction capability alters the content or time ordering of audit records, the integrity of the audit records is compromised, and the records are no longer usable for forensic analysis. Audit reduction is a process that manipulates collected audit information and organizes such information in a summary format that is more meaningful to analysts. Time ordering refers to the chronological organization of records based on time stamps. The degree of time stamp precision can affect this. This requirement is specific to operating systems providing audit reduction capabilities. The audit reduction capability can be met either natively or through the use of third-party tools.
Check:
Verify the operating system does not alter original content or time ordering of audit records when it provides an audit reduction capability. If it does not, this is a finding.
Verify the operating system does not alter original content or time ordering of audit records when it provides an audit reduction capability. If it does not, this is a finding.
Fix:
Configure the operating system to not alter original content or time ordering of audit records when it provides an audit reduction capability.
Configure the operating system to not alter original content or time ordering of audit records when it provides an audit reduction capability.
Vuln ID:
V-57265
Rule ID:
SV-71525r1_rule
Group ID:
SRG-OS-000354-GPOS-00142
Version:
SRG-OS-000354-GPOS-00142
CCI:
CCI-001882
Severity:
Medium
Description:
If the report generation capability alters the content or time ordering of audit records, the integrity of the audit records is compromised, and the records are no longer usable for forensic analysis. Time ordering refers to the chronological organization of records based on time stamps. The degree of time stamp precision can affect this. This requirement is specific to operating systems providing report generation capabilities. The report generation capability can be met either natively or through the use of third-party tools.
If the report generation capability alters the content or time ordering of audit records, the integrity of the audit records is compromised, and the records are no longer usable for forensic analysis. Time ordering refers to the chronological organization of records based on time stamps. The degree of time stamp precision can affect this. This requirement is specific to operating systems providing report generation capabilities. The report generation capability can be met either natively or through the use of third-party tools.
Check:
Verify the operating system does not alter original content or time ordering of audit records when it provides a report generation capability. If it does not, this is a finding.
Verify the operating system does not alter original content or time ordering of audit records when it provides a report generation capability. If it does not, this is a finding.
Fix:
Configure the operating system to not alter original content or time ordering of audit records when it provides a report generation capability.
Configure the operating system to not alter original content or time ordering of audit records when it provides a report generation capability.
Vuln ID:
V-57267
Rule ID:
SV-71527r1_rule
Group ID:
SRG-OS-000355-GPOS-00143
Version:
SRG-OS-000355-GPOS-00143
CCI:
CCI-001891
Severity:
Medium
Description:
Inaccurate time stamps make it more difficult to correlate events and can lead to an inaccurate analysis. Determining the correct time a particular event occurred on a system is critical when conducting forensic analysis and investigating system events. Sources outside the configured acceptable allowance (drift) may be inaccurate. Synchronizing internal information system clocks provides uniformity of time stamps for information systems with multiple system clocks and systems connected over a network. Organizations should consider endpoints that may not have regular access to the authoritative time server (e.g., mobile, teleworking, and tactical endpoints).
Inaccurate time stamps make it more difficult to correlate events and can lead to an inaccurate analysis. Determining the correct time a particular event occurred on a system is critical when conducting forensic analysis and investigating system events. Sources outside the configured acceptable allowance (drift) may be inaccurate. Synchronizing internal information system clocks provides uniformity of time stamps for information systems with multiple system clocks and systems connected over a network. Organizations should consider endpoints that may not have regular access to the authoritative time server (e.g., mobile, teleworking, and tactical endpoints).
Check:
Verify the operating system, for networked systems, compares internal information system clocks at least every 24 hours with a server which is synchronized to one of the redundant United States Naval Observatory (USNO) time servers, or a time server designated for the appropriate DoD network (NIPRNet/SIPRNet), and/or the Global Positioning System (GPS). If it does not, this is a finding.
Verify the operating system, for networked systems, compares internal information system clocks at least every 24 hours with a server which is synchronized to one of the redundant United States Naval Observatory (USNO) time servers, or a time server designated for the appropriate DoD network (NIPRNet/SIPRNet), and/or the Global Positioning System (GPS). If it does not, this is a finding.
Fix:
Configure the operating system to, for networked systems, compare internal information system clocks at least every 24 hours with a server which is synchronized to one of the redundant United States Naval Observatory (USNO) time servers, or a time server designated for the appropriate DoD network (NIPRNet/SIPRNet), and/or the Global Positioning System (GPS).
Configure the operating system to, for networked systems, compare internal information system clocks at least every 24 hours with a server which is synchronized to one of the redundant United States Naval Observatory (USNO) time servers, or a time server designated for the appropriate DoD network (NIPRNet/SIPRNet), and/or the Global Positioning System (GPS).
Vuln ID:
V-64813
Rule ID:
SV-79303r1_rule
Group ID:
SRG-OS-000481-GPOS-000481
Version:
SRG-OS-000481-GPOS-000481
CCI:
CCI-002418
Severity:
Medium
Description:
Without protection of communications with wireless peripherals, confidentiality and integrity may be compromised because unprotected communications can be intercepted and either read, altered, or used to compromise the operating system. This requirement applies to wireless peripheral technologies (e.g., wireless mice, keyboards, displays, etc.) used with an operating system. Wireless peripherals (e.g., Wi-Fi/Bluetooth/IR Keyboards, Mice, and Pointing Devices and Near Field Communications [NFC]) present a unique challenge by creating an open, unsecured port on a computer. Wireless peripherals must meet DoD requirements for wireless data transmission and be approved for use by the AO. Even though some wireless peripherals, such as mice and pointing devices, do not ordinarily carry information that need to be protected, modification of communications with these wireless peripherals may be used to compromise the operating system. Communication paths outside the physical protection of a controlled boundary are exposed to the possibility of interception and modification. Protecting the confidentiality and integrity of communications with wireless peripherals can be accomplished by physical means (e.g., employing physical barriers to wireless radio frequencies) or by logical means (e.g., employing cryptographic techniques). If physical means of protection are employed, then logical means (cryptography) do not have to be employed, and vice versa. If the wireless peripheral is only passing telemetry data, encryption of the data may not be required.
Without protection of communications with wireless peripherals, confidentiality and integrity may be compromised because unprotected communications can be intercepted and either read, altered, or used to compromise the operating system. This requirement applies to wireless peripheral technologies (e.g., wireless mice, keyboards, displays, etc.) used with an operating system. Wireless peripherals (e.g., Wi-Fi/Bluetooth/IR Keyboards, Mice, and Pointing Devices and Near Field Communications [NFC]) present a unique challenge by creating an open, unsecured port on a computer. Wireless peripherals must meet DoD requirements for wireless data transmission and be approved for use by the AO. Even though some wireless peripherals, such as mice and pointing devices, do not ordinarily carry information that need to be protected, modification of communications with these wireless peripherals may be used to compromise the operating system. Communication paths outside the physical protection of a controlled boundary are exposed to the possibility of interception and modification. Protecting the confidentiality and integrity of communications with wireless peripherals can be accomplished by physical means (e.g., employing physical barriers to wireless radio frequencies) or by logical means (e.g., employing cryptographic techniques). If physical means of protection are employed, then logical means (cryptography) do not have to be employed, and vice versa. If the wireless peripheral is only passing telemetry data, encryption of the data may not be required.
Check:
Verify the operating system protects the confidentiality and integrity of communications with wireless peripherals. If it does not, this is a finding.
Verify the operating system protects the confidentiality and integrity of communications with wireless peripherals. If it does not, this is a finding.
Fix:
Configure the operating system to protect the confidentiality and integrity of communications with wireless peripherals.
Configure the operating system to protect the confidentiality and integrity of communications with wireless peripherals.