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The SUSE Linux Enterprise Server Ver 11 for System z Security Technical Implementation Guide (STIG) is published as a tool to improve the security of Department of Defense (DoD) information systems. Comments or proposed revisions to this document should be sent via e-mail to the following address: [email protected]
Vuln
Rule
Version
CCI
Severity
Title
Description
SV-44760r1_rule
GEN000020
CCI-000213
MEDIUM
The system must require authentication upon booting into single-user and maintenance modes.
If the system does not require valid root authentication before it boots into single-user or maintenance mode, anyone who invokes single-user or maintenance mode is granted privileged access to all files on the system.System AdministratorIAIA-2, IAIA-1
SV-44791r1_rule
GEN000280
CCI-000770
MEDIUM
Direct logins must not be permitted to shared, default, application, or utility accounts.
Shared accounts (accounts where two or more people log in with the same user identification) do not provide identification and authentication. There is no way to provide for non-repudiation or individual accountability.trueSystem AdministratorIAIA-1, ECSC-1
SV-44807r1_rule
GEN000300
CCI-000764
MEDIUM
All accounts on the system must have unique user or account names.
A unique user name is the first part of the identification and authentication process. If user names are not unique, there can be no accountability on the system for auditing purposes. Multiple accounts sharing the same name could result in the denial of service to one or both of the accounts or unauthorized access to files or privileges.System AdministratorIAIA-1, IAIA-2
SV-44821r1_rule
GEN000320
CCI-000764
MEDIUM
All accounts must be assigned unique User Identification Numbers (UIDs).
Accounts sharing a UID have full access to each others' files. This has the same effect as sharing a login. There is no way to assure identification, authentication, and accountability because the system sees them as the same user. If the duplicate UID is 0, this gives potential intruders another privileged account to attack.System AdministratorIAIA-2, IAIA-1
SV-44969r1_rule
GEN000400
CCI-000048
MEDIUM
The Department of Defense (DoD) login banner must be displayed immediately prior to, or as part of, console login prompts.
Failure to display the logon banner prior to a logon attempt will negate legal proceedings resulting from unauthorized access to system resources.System AdministratorECWM-1
SV-44830r1_rule
GEN000440
CCI-000126
MEDIUM
Successful and unsuccessful logins and logouts must be logged.
Monitoring and recording successful and unsuccessful logins assists in tracking unauthorized access to the system. Without this logging, the ability to track unauthorized activity to specific user accounts may be diminished.System AdministratorECAR-2, ECAR-1, ECAR-3
SV-44834r1_rule
GEN000460
CCI-000044
MEDIUM
The system must disable accounts after three consecutive unsuccessful login attempts.
Disabling accounts after a limited number of unsuccessful login attempts improves protection against password guessing attacks.System AdministratorECLO-1, ECLO-2
SV-44838r1_rule
GEN000480
CCI-000043
MEDIUM
The delay between login prompts following a failed login attempt must be at least 4 seconds.
Enforcing a delay between successive failed login attempts increases protection against automated password guessing attacks.System AdministratorECLO-1, ECLO-2
SV-44858r1_rule
GEN000520
CCI-000225
MEDIUM
The root user must not own the logon session for an application requiring a continuous display.
If an application is providing a continuous display and is running with root privileges, unauthorized users could interrupt the process and gain root access to the system.System AdministratorPESL-1
SV-44860r1_rule
GEN000560
CCI-000366
HIGH
The system must not have accounts configured with blank or null passwords.
If an account is configured for password authentication but does not have an assigned password, it may be possible to log into the account without authentication. If the root user is configured without a password, the entire system may be compromised. For user accounts not using password authentication, the account must be configured with a password lock value instead of a blank or null value. System AdministratorIAIA-2, IAIA-1
SV-44900r1_rule
GEN000880
CCI-000366
MEDIUM
The root account must be the only account having a UID of 0.
If an account has a UID of 0, it has root authority. Multiple accounts with a UID of 0 afford more opportunity for potential intruders to guess a password for a privileged account.
System AdministratorIAIA-1, ECLP-1, IAIA-2
SV-44901r1_rule
GEN000900
CCI-000366
LOW
The root users home directory must not be the root directory (/).
Changing the root home directory to something other than / and assigning it a 0700 protection makes it more difficult for intruders to manipulate the system by reading the files root places in its default directory. It also gives root the same discretionary access control for root's home directory as for the other user home directories.System AdministratorECCD-1, ECCD-2
SV-44902r1_rule
GEN000920
CCI-000225
MEDIUM
The root accounts home directory (other than /) must have mode 0700.
Permissions greater than 0700 could allow unauthorized users access to the root home directory.System AdministratorECCD-1, ECCD-2
SV-44905r1_rule
GEN000940
CCI-000366
MEDIUM
The root accounts executable search path must be the vendor default and must contain only absolute paths.
The executable search path (typically the PATH environment variable) contains a list of directories for the shell to search to find executables. If this path includes the current working directory or other relative paths, executables in these directories may be executed instead of system commands. This variable is formatted as a colon-separated list of directories. If there is an empty entry, such as a leading or trailing colon or two consecutive colons, this is interpreted as the current working directory. Entries starting with a slash (/) are absolute paths.
System AdministratorECCD-1, ECSC-1, ECCD-2
SV-44912r1_rule
GEN000960
CCI-000366
MEDIUM
The root account must not have world-writable directories in its executable search path.
If the root search path contains a world-writable directory, malicious software could be placed in the path by intruders and/or malicious users and inadvertently run by root with all of root's privileges.
System AdministratorECCD-2, ECCD-1
SV-44913r1_rule
GEN000980
CCI-000770
MEDIUM
The system must prevent the root account from directly logging in except from the system console.
Limiting the root account direct logins to only system consoles protects the root account from direct unauthorized access from a non-console device.System AdministratorECPA-1, ECSD-2
SV-44826r1_rule
GEN000360
CCI-000366
MEDIUM
GIDs reserved for system accounts must not be assigned to non-system groups.
Reserved GIDs are typically used by system software packages. If non-system groups have GIDs in this range, they may conflict with system software, possibly leading to the group having permissions to modify system files.System AdministratorECSC-1
SV-44827r1_rule
GEN000380
CCI-000366
LOW
All GIDs referenced in the /etc/passwd file must be defined in the /etc/group file.
If a user is assigned the GID of a group not existing on the system, and a group with the GID is subsequently created, the user may have unintended rights to the group.
System AdministratorECSC-1
SV-45912r2_rule
GEN006480
CCI-001259
MEDIUM
The system must have a host-based intrusion detection tool installed.
Without a host-based intrusion detection tool, there is no system-level defense when an intruder gains access to a system or network. Additionally, a host-based intrusion detection tool can provide methods to immediately lock out detected intrusion attempts.System AdministratorECID-1
SV-44762r2_rule
GEN000120
CCI-001227
MEDIUM
System security patches and updates must be installed and up-to-date.
Timely patching is critical for maintaining the operational availability, confidentiality, and integrity of information technology (IT) systems. However, failure to keep operating system and application software patched is a common mistake made by IT professionals. New patches are released daily, and it is often difficult for even experienced system administrators to keep abreast of all the new patches. When new weaknesses in an operating system exist, patches are usually made available by the vendor to resolve the problems. If the most recent security patches and updates are not installed, unauthorized users may take advantage of weaknesses present in the unpatched software. The lack of prompt attention to patching could result in a system compromise.System AdministratorVIVM-1
SV-44924r1_rule
GEN001140
CCI-000225
MEDIUM
System files and directories must not have uneven access permissions.
Discretionary access control is undermined if users, other than a file owner, have greater access permissions to system files and directories than the owner.System AdministratorECCD-1, ECCD-2
SV-44926r1_rule
GEN001160
CCI-000366
MEDIUM
All files and directories must have a valid owner.
Un-owned files and directories may be unintentionally inherited if a user is assigned the same UID as the UID of the un-owned files.System AdministratorECCD-1, ECCD-2
SV-44931r1_rule
GEN001180
CCI-000225
MEDIUM
All network services daemon files must have mode 0755 or less permissive.
Restricting permission on daemons will protect them from unauthorized modification and possible system compromise.System AdministratorECLP-1
SV-44946r1_rule
GEN001260
CCI-001314
MEDIUM
System log files must have mode 0640 or less permissive.
If the system log files are not protected, unauthorized users could change the logged data, eliminating its forensic value.System AdministratorECTP-1
SV-45113r1_rule
GEN001800
CCI-000225
MEDIUM
All skeleton files (typically those in /etc/skel) must have mode 0644 or less permissive.
If the skeleton files are not protected, unauthorized personnel could change user startup parameters and possibly jeopardize user files.
System AdministratorECLP-1
SV-44953r1_rule
GEN001320
CCI-000225
MEDIUM
NIS/NIS+/yp files must be owned by root, sys, or bin.
NIS/NIS+/yp files are part of the system's identification and authentication processes and are critical to system security. Failure to give ownership of sensitive files or utilities to root or bin provides the designated owner and unauthorized users with the potential to access sensitive information or change the system configuration which could weaken the system's security posture.System AdministratorECLP-1
SV-46086r1_rule
GEN001340
CCI-000225
MEDIUM
NIS/NIS+/yp files must be group-owned by root, sys, or bin.
NIS/NIS+/yp files are part of the system's identification and authentication processes and are, therefore, critical to system security. Failure to give ownership of sensitive files or utilities to root or bin provides the designated owner and unauthorized users with the potential to access sensitive information or change the system configuration which could weaken the system's security posture.System AdministratorECLP-1
SV-44954r1_rule
GEN001360
CCI-000225
MEDIUM
The NIS/NIS+/yp command files must have mode 0755 or less permissive.
NIS/NIS+/yp files are part of the system's identification and authentication processes and are critical to system security. Unauthorized modification of these files could compromise these processes and the system.System AdministratorECLP-1
SV-44949r1_rule
GEN001280
CCI-000225
LOW
Manual page files must have mode 0644 or less permissive.
If manual pages are compromised, misleading information could be inserted, causing actions to compromise the system.System AdministratorECCD-2, ECCD-1
SV-44951r1_rule
GEN001300
CCI-001499
MEDIUM
Library files must have mode 0755 or less permissive.
Unauthorized access could destroy the integrity of the library files.System AdministratorDCSL-1
SV-46272r1_rule
GEN001200
CCI-001499
MEDIUM
All system command files must have mode 0755 or less permissive.
Restricting permissions will protect system command files from unauthorized modification. System command files include files present in directories used by the operating system for storing default system executables and files present in directories included in the system's default executable search paths.Elevate to Severity Code I if any file listed world-writable.System AdministratorECLP-1
SV-44941r1_rule
GEN001220
CCI-001499
MEDIUM
All system files, programs, and directories must be owned by a system account.
Restricting permissions will protect the files from unauthorized modification.System AdministratorECLP-1
SV-44944r1_rule
GEN001240
CCI-001499
MEDIUM
System files, programs, and directories must be group-owned by a system group.
Restricting permissions will protect the files from unauthorized modification.System AdministratorECLP-1
SV-45000r1_rule
GEN001400
CCI-000225
MEDIUM
The /etc/shadow (or equivalent) file must be owned by root.
The /etc/shadow file contains the list of local system accounts. It is vital to system security and must be protected from unauthorized modification. Failure to give ownership of sensitive files or utilities to root or bin provides the designated owner and unauthorized users with the potential to access sensitive information or change the system configuration which could weaken the system's security posture.System AdministratorECLP-1
SV-44992r1_rule
GEN001380
CCI-000225
MEDIUM
The /etc/passwd file must have mode 0644 or less permissive.
If the passwd file is writable by a group-owner or the world, the risk of passwd file compromise is increased. The passwd file contains the list of accounts on the system and associated information.System AdministratorECLP-1
SV-45003r1_rule
GEN001420
CCI-000225
MEDIUM
The /etc/shadow (or equivalent) file must have mode 0400.
The /etc/shadow file contains the list of local system accounts. It is vital to system security and must be protected from unauthorized modification. The file also contains password hashes which must not be accessible to users other than root.System AdministratorECLP-1
SV-45184r2_rule
GEN002380
CCI-000368
MEDIUM
The owner, group-owner, mode, ACL, and location of files with the setuid bit set must be documented using site-defined procedures.
All files with the setuid bit set will allow anyone running these files to be temporarily assigned the UID of the file. While many system files depend on these attributes for proper operation, security problems can result if setuid is assigned to programs allowing reading and writing of files, or shell escapes. Only default vendor-supplied executables should have the setuid bit set.trueSystem AdministratorECPA-1
SV-45192r1_rule
GEN002440
CCI-000368
MEDIUM
The owner, group-owner, mode, ACL and location of files with the setgid bit set must be documented using site-defined procedures.
All files with the setgid bit set will allow anyone running these files to be temporarily assigned the GID of the file. While many system files depend on these attributes for proper operation, security problems can result if setgid is assigned to programs allowing reading and writing of files, or shell escapes.trueSystem AdministratorECPA-1
SV-45185r2_rule
GEN002400
CCI-000318
MEDIUM
The system must be checked weekly for unauthorized setuid files as well as unauthorized modification to authorized setuid files.
Files with the setuid bit set will allow anyone running these files to be temporarily assigned the UID of the file. While many system files depend on these attributes for proper operation, security problems can result if setuid is assigned to programs allowing reading and writing of files, or shell escapes.System AdministratorDCSL-1
SV-45200r2_rule
GEN002460
CCI-000318
MEDIUM
The system must be checked weekly for unauthorized setgid files as well as unauthorized modification to authorized setgid files.
Files with the setgid bit set will allow anyone running these files to be temporarily assigned the group id of the file. While many system files depend on these attributes for proper operation, security problems can result if setgid is assigned to programs allowing reading and writing of files, or shell escapes.System AdministratorDCSL-1
SV-45187r1_rule
GEN002420
CCI-000225
MEDIUM
Removable media, remote file systems, and any file system not containing approved setuid files must be mounted with the nosuid option.
The "nosuid" mount option causes the system to not execute setuid files with owner privileges. This option must be used for mounting any file system not containing approved setuid files. Executing setuid files from untrusted file systems, or file systems not containing approved setuid files, increases the opportunity for unprivileged users to attain unauthorized administrative access.System AdministratorECLP-1
SV-45202r1_rule
GEN002500
CCI-000366
LOW
The sticky bit must be set on all public directories.
Failing to set the sticky bit on the public directories allows unauthorized users to delete files in the directory structure.
The only authorized public directories are those temporary directories supplied with the system or those designed to be temporary file repositories. The setting is normally reserved for directories used by the system and by users for temporary file storage, (e.g., /tmp), and for directories requiring global read/write access.System AdministratorECCD-1, ECCD-2
SV-45203r1_rule
GEN002520
CCI-000225
MEDIUM
All public directories must be owned by root or an application account.
If a public directory has the sticky bit set and is not owned by a privileged UID, unauthorized users may be able to modify files created by others.
The only authorized public directories are those temporary directories supplied with the system or those designed to be temporary file repositories. The setting is normally reserved for directories used by the system and by users for temporary file storage, (e.g., /tmp), and for directories requiring global read/write access.System AdministratorECLP-1
SV-45205r1_rule
GEN002560
CCI-000366
MEDIUM
The system and user default umask must be 077.
The umask controls the default access mode assigned to newly created files. An umask of 077 limits new files to mode 700 or less permissive. Although umask can be represented as a 4-digit number, the first digit representing special access modes is typically ignored or required to be 0. This requirement applies to the globally configured system defaults and the user defaults for each account on the system.trueIf the default umask is 000 or does not restrict the world-writable permission, this becomes a CAT I finding.System AdministratorECCD-2, ECCD-1
SV-45206r1_rule
GEN002640
CCI-000178
MEDIUM
Default system accounts must be disabled or removed.
Vendor accounts and software may contain backdoors allowing unauthorized access to the system. These backdoors are common knowledge and present a threat to system security if the account is not disabled.System AdministratorIAAC-1
SV-45207r1_rule
GEN002660
CCI-000169
MEDIUM
Auditing must be implemented.
Without auditing, individual system accesses cannot be tracked and malicious activity cannot be detected and traced back to an individual account.System AdministratorECAR-1, ECAR-3, ECAR-2
SV-45208r1_rule
GEN002680
CCI-000162
MEDIUM
System audit logs must be owned by root.
Failure to give ownership of system audit log files to root provides the designated owner and unauthorized users with the potential to access sensitive information.System AdministratorECTP-1
SV-45210r1_rule
GEN002700
CCI-000163
MEDIUM
System audit logs must have mode 0640 or less permissive.
If a user can write to the audit logs, audit trails can be modified or destroyed and system intrusion may not be detected. System audit logs are those files generated from the audit system and do not include activity, error, or other log files created by application software.System AdministratorECTP-1
SV-45295r1_rule
GEN002720
CCI-000126
MEDIUM
The audit system must be configured to audit failed attempts to access files and programs.
If the system is not configured to audit certain activities and write them to an audit log, it is more difficult to detect and track system compromises and damages incurred during a system compromise.System AdministratorECAR-3, ECAR-1, ECAR-2
SV-45303r1_rule
GEN002740
CCI-000126
MEDIUM
The audit system must be configured to audit file deletions.
If the system is not configured to audit certain activities and write them to an audit log, it is more difficult to detect and track system compromises and damages incurred during a system compromise.System AdministratorECAR-3, ECAR-2, ECAR-1
SV-46161r1_rule
GEN002760
CCI-000347
MEDIUM
The audit system must be configured to audit all administrative, privileged, and security actions.
If the system is not configured to audit certain activities and write them to an audit log, it is more difficult to detect and track system compromises and damages incurred during a system compromise.System AdministratorECAR-3, ECAR-2, ECAR-1
SV-45340r1_rule
GEN002800
CCI-000126
MEDIUM
The audit system must be configured to audit login, logout, and session initiation.
If the system is not configured to audit certain activities and write them to an audit log, it is more difficult to detect and track system compromises and damages incurred during a system compromise.System AdministratorECAR-2, ECAR-1, ECAR-3
SV-45447r1_rule
GEN002820
CCI-000126
MEDIUM
The audit system must be configured to audit all discretionary access control permission modifications.
If the system is not configured to audit certain activities and write them to an audit log, it is more difficult to detect and track system compromises and damages incurred during a system compromise.
System AdministratorECAR-3, ECAR-1, ECAR-2
SV-45757r1_rule
GEN003720
CCI-000225
MEDIUM
The inetd.conf file, xinetd.conf file, and the xinetd.d directory must be owned by root or bin.
Failure to give ownership of sensitive files or utilities to root provides the designated owner and unauthorized users with the potential to access sensitive information or change the system configuration possibly weakening the system's security posture.System AdministratorECLP-1
SV-45759r2_rule
GEN003740
CCI-000225
MEDIUM
The xinetd.conf files must have mode 0640 or less permissive.
The Internet service daemon configuration files must be protected as malicious modification could cause Denial of Service or increase the attack surface of the system.System AdministratorECLP-1
SV-45763r1_rule
GEN003760
CCI-000225
MEDIUM
The services file must be owned by root or bin.
Failure to give ownership of sensitive files or utilities to root or bin provides the designated owner and unauthorized users with the potential to access sensitive information or change the system configuration possibly weakening the system's security posture.System AdministratorECLP-1
SV-45765r1_rule
GEN003780
CCI-000225
MEDIUM
The services file must have mode 0644 or less permissive.
The services file is critical to the proper operation of network services and must be protected from unauthorized modification. Unauthorized modification could result in the failure of network services.System AdministratorECLP-1
SV-45106r1_rule
GEN001780
CCI-000366
LOW
Global initialization files must contain the mesg -n or mesg n commands.
If the "mesg -n" or "mesg n" command is not placed into the system profile, messaging can be used to cause a Denial of Service attack.System AdministratorECSC-1
SV-45812r1_rule
GEN003900
CCI-000366
MEDIUM
The hosts.lpd file (or equivalent) must not contain a + character.
Having the '+' character in the hosts.lpd (or equivalent) file allows all hosts to use local system print resources.System AdministratorECCD-1, ECCD-2
SV-45813r1_rule
GEN003920
CCI-000225
MEDIUM
The hosts.lpd (or equivalent) file must be owned by root, bin, sys, or lp.
Failure to give ownership of the hosts.lpd file to root, bin, sys, or lp provides the designated owner, and possible unauthorized users, with the potential to modify the hosts.lpd file. Unauthorized modifications could disrupt access to local printers from authorized remote hosts or permit unauthorized remote access to local printers.System AdministratorECLP-1
SV-45816r1_rule
GEN003940
CCI-000225
MEDIUM
The hosts.lpd (or equivalent) must have mode 0644 or less permissive.
Excessive permissions on the hosts.lpd (or equivalent) file may permit unauthorized modification. Unauthorized modifications could disrupt access to local printers from authorized remote hosts or permit unauthorized remote access to local printers.System AdministratorECLP-1
SV-45827r1_rule
GEN004360
CCI-000225
MEDIUM
The alias file must be owned by root.
If the alias file is not owned by root, an unauthorized user may modify the file adding aliases to run malicious code or redirect e-mail.System AdministratorECLP-1
SV-45849r1_rule
GEN004380
CCI-000225
MEDIUM
The alias file must have mode 0644 or less permissive.
Excessive permissions on the aliases file may permit unauthorized modification. If the alias file is modified by an unauthorized user, they may modify the file to run malicious code or redirect e-mail.System AdministratorECLP-1
SV-45851r1_rule
GEN004400
CCI-000225
HIGH
Files executed through a mail aliases file must be owned by root and must reside within a directory owned and writable only by root.
If a file executed through a mail aliases file is not owned and writable only by root, it may be subject to unauthorized modification. Unauthorized modification of files executed through aliases may allow unauthorized users to attain root privileges.System AdministratorECLP-1
SV-45853r2_rule
GEN004420
CCI-000225
MEDIUM
Files executed through a mail aliases file must have mode 0755 or less permissive.
If a file executed through a mail aliases file has permissions greater than 0755, it can be modified by an unauthorized user and may contain malicious code or instructions potentially compromising the system.System AdministratorECLP-1
SV-45856r2_rule
GEN004440
CCI-000366
LOW
Sendmail logging must not be set to less than nine in the sendmail.cf file.
If Sendmail is not configured to log at level 9, system logs may not contain the information necessary for tracking unauthorized use of the sendmail service.System AdministratorECAR-2, ECAR-3, ECAR-1
SV-45858r1_rule
GEN004460
CCI-000126
MEDIUM
The system syslog service must log informational and more severe SMTP service messages.
If informational and more severe SMTP service messages are not logged, malicious activity on the system may go unnoticed.System AdministratorECSC-1, ECAR-1, ECAR-2, ECAR-3
SV-45859r1_rule
GEN004480
CCI-000225
MEDIUM
The SMTP service log file must be owned by root.
If the SMTP service log file is not owned by root, then unauthorized personnel may modify or delete the file to hide a system compromise.System AdministratorECLP-1
SV-45861r1_rule
GEN004500
CCI-000225
MEDIUM
The SMTP service log file must have mode 0644 or less permissive.
If the SMTP service log file is more permissive than 0644, unauthorized users may be allowed to change the log file.System AdministratorECLP-1
SV-45879r1_rule
GEN004880
CCI-000225
MEDIUM
The ftpusers file must exist.
The ftpusers file contains a list of accounts not allowed to use FTP to transfer files. If this file does not exist, then unauthorized accounts can utilize FTP.System AdministratorECCD-2, ECCD-1
SV-45880r1_rule
GEN004900
CCI-000225
MEDIUM
The ftpusers file must contain account names not allowed to use FTP.
The ftpusers file contains a list of accounts not allowed to use FTP to transfer files. If the file does not contain the names of all accounts not authorized to use FTP, then unauthorized use of FTP may take place.System AdministratorECCD-2, ECCD-1
SV-45881r1_rule
GEN004920
CCI-000225
MEDIUM
The ftpusers file must be owned by root.
If the file ftpusers is not owned by root, an unauthorized user may modify the file to allow unauthorized accounts to use FTP.System AdministratorECLP-1
SV-45883r1_rule
GEN004940
CCI-000225
MEDIUM
The ftpusers file must have mode 0640 or less permissive.
Excessive permissions on the ftpusers file could permit unauthorized modification. Unauthorized modification could result in Denial of Service to authorized FTP users or permit unauthorized users to access the FTP service.System AdministratorECLP-1
SV-45885r1_rule
GEN004980
CCI-000130
LOW
The FTP daemon must be configured for logging or verbose mode.
The -l option allows basic logging of connections. The verbose (on HP) and the debug (on Solaris) allow logging of what files the ftp session transferred. This extra logging makes it possible to easily track which files are being transferred onto or from a system. If they are not configured, the only option for tracking is the audit files. The audit files are much harder to read. If auditing is not properly configured, then there would be no record at all of the file transfer transactions.System AdministratorECAR-2, ECAR-1, ECAR-3
SV-45877r1_rule
GEN004820
CCI-001475
MEDIUM
Anonymous FTP must not be active on the system unless authorized.
Due to the numerous vulnerabilities inherent in anonymous FTP, it is not recommended. If anonymous FTP must be used on a system, the requirement must be authorized and approved in the system accreditation package.trueSystem AdministratorInformation Assurance OfficerECSC-1
SV-45888r1_rule
GEN005080
CCI-000366
HIGH
The TFTP daemon must operate in secure mode which provides access only to a single directory on the host file system.
Secure mode limits TFTP requests to a specific directory. If TFTP is not running in secure mode, it may be able to write to any file or directory and may seriously impair system integrity, confidentiality, and availability.System AdministratorECSC-1
SV-45902r1_rule
GEN005100
CCI-000225
HIGH
The TFTP daemon must have mode 0755 or less permissive.
If TFTP runs with the setuid or setgid bit set, it may be able to write to any file or directory and may seriously impair system integrity, confidentiality, and availability.System AdministratorECPA-1
SV-45906r1_rule
GEN005120
CCI-000225
MEDIUM
The TFTP daemon must be configured to vendor specifications, including a dedicated TFTP user account, a non-login shell such as /bin/false, and a home directory owned by the TFTP user.
If TFTP has a valid shell, it increases the likelihood someone could log on to the TFTP account and compromise the system.System AdministratorECSC-1
SV-45911r1_rule
GEN005160
CCI-000297
MEDIUM
Any X Windows host must write .Xauthority files.
.Xauthority files ensure the user is authorized to access specific X Windows host. If .Xauthority files are not used, it may be possible to obtain unauthorized access to the X Windows host.System AdministratorECCD-1, ECCD-2
SV-46282r1_rule
GEN006400
CCI-001435
MEDIUM
The Network Information System (NIS) protocol must not be used.
Due to numerous security vulnerabilities existing within NIS, it must not be used. Possible alternative directory services are NIS+ and LDAP.System AdministratorInformation Assurance OfficerECSC-1
SV-45010r1_rule
GEN001440
CCI-000225
LOW
All interactive users must be assigned a home directory in the /etc/passwd file.
If users do not have a valid home directory, there is no place for the storage and control of files they own.System AdministratorECSC-1
SV-45014r1_rule
GEN001460
CCI-000225
LOW
All interactive user home directories defined in the /etc/passwd file must exist.
If a user has a home directory defined that does not exist, the user may be given the / directory, by default, as the current working directory upon logon. This could create a Denial of Service because the user would not be able to perform useful tasks in this location.System AdministratorECSC-1
SV-45028r1_rule
GEN001480
CCI-000225
MEDIUM
All user home directories must have mode 0750 or less permissive.
Excessive permissions on home directories allow unauthorized access to user files.System AdministratorECLP-1
SV-45030r1_rule
GEN001500
CCI-000225
MEDIUM
All interactive user home directories must be owned by their respective users.
If users do not own their home directories, unauthorized users could access user files.System AdministratorECLP-1
SV-46273r1_rule
GEN001520
CCI-000225
MEDIUM
All interactive user home directories must be group-owned by the home directory owners primary group.
If the Group Identifier (GID) of the home directory is not the same as the GID of the user, this would allow unauthorized access to files.System AdministratorECLP-1
SV-45151r1_rule
GEN001860
CCI-000225
MEDIUM
All local initialization files must be owned by the home directorys user or root.
Local initialization files are used to configure the user's shell environment upon login. Malicious modification of these files could compromise accounts upon logon.System AdministratorECLP-1
SV-45154r1_rule
GEN001880
CCI-000225
MEDIUM
All local initialization files must have mode 0740 or less permissive.
Local initialization files are used to configure the user's shell environment upon login. Malicious modification of these files could compromise accounts upon logon.System AdministratorECLP-1
SV-45043r1_rule
GEN001580
CCI-000225
MEDIUM
All run control scripts must have mode 0755 or less permissive.
If the startup files are writable by other users, they could modify the startup files to insert malicious commands into the startup files.System AdministratorECLP-1
SV-45064r1_rule
GEN001600
CCI-000366
MEDIUM
Run control scripts executable search paths must contain only absolute paths.
The executable search path (typically the PATH environment variable) contains a list of directories for the shell to search to find executables. If this path includes the current working directory or other relative paths, executables in these directories may be executed instead of system commands. This variable is formatted as a colon-separated list of directories. If there is an empty entry, such as a leading or trailing colon, or two consecutive colons, this is interpreted as the current working directory. Paths starting with a slash (/) are absolute paths.System AdministratorECCD-1, ECCD-2
SV-45068r1_rule
GEN001640
CCI-000225
HIGH
Run control scripts must not execute world-writable programs or scripts.
World-writable files could be modified accidentally or maliciously to compromise system integrity.System AdministratorECCD-1, ECCD-2
SV-45165r1_rule
GEN002000
CCI-000196
MEDIUM
There must be no .netrc files on the system.
Unencrypted passwords for remote FTP servers may be stored in .netrc files. Policy requires passwords be encrypted in storage and not used in access scripts.System AdministratorECCD-2, IAIA-2, IAIA-1, ECCD-1
SV-45035r1_rule
GEN001540
CCI-000225
LOW
All files and directories contained in interactive user home directories must be owned by the home directorys owner.
If users do not own the files in their directories, unauthorized users may be able to access them. Additionally, if files are not owned by the user, this could be an indication of system compromise.trueSystem AdministratorECCD-1, ECCD-2
SV-45040r1_rule
GEN001560
CCI-000225
LOW
All files and directories contained in user home directories must have mode 0750 or less permissive.
Excessive permissions allow unauthorized access to user files.
trueSystem AdministratorECLP-1
SV-45170r1_rule
GEN002120
CCI-000366
MEDIUM
The /etc/shells (or equivalent) file must exist.
The shells file (or equivalent) lists approved default shells. It helps provide layered defense to the security approach by ensuring users cannot change their default shell to an unauthorized unsecure shell.System AdministratorECSC-1
SV-45171r1_rule
GEN002140
CCI-000366
MEDIUM
All shells referenced in /etc/passwd must be listed in the /etc/shells file, except any shells specified for the purpose of preventing logins.
The shells file lists approved default shells. It helps provide layered defense to the security approach by ensuring users cannot change their default shell to an unauthorized unsecure shell.System AdministratorECSC-1
SV-44882r1_rule
GEN000760
CCI-000017
MEDIUM
Accounts must be locked upon 35 days of inactivity.
On some systems, accounts with disabled passwords still allow access using rcp, remsh, or rlogin through equivalent remote hosts. All that is required is the remote host name and the user name match an entry in a hosts.equiv file and have a .rhosts file in the user directory. Using a shell called /bin/false or /dev/null (or an equivalent) will add a layered defense.
Non-interactive accounts on the system, such as application accounts, may be documented exceptions.trueSystem AdministratorIAAC-1
SV-45172r1_rule
GEN002200
CCI-000225
MEDIUM
All shell files must be owned by root or bin.
If shell files are owned by users other than root or bin, they could be modified by intruders or malicious users to perform unauthorized actions.System AdministratorECLP-1
SV-45174r1_rule
GEN002220
CCI-000225
HIGH
All shell files must have mode 0755 or less permissive.
Shells with world/group write permissions give the ability to maliciously modify the shell to obtain unauthorized access.System AdministratorECLP-1
SV-45176r1_rule
GEN002260
CCI-000318
LOW
The system must be checked for extraneous device files at least weekly.
If an unauthorized device is allowed to exist on the system, there is the possibility the system may perform unauthorized operations.System AdministratorECSC-1, DCSW-1
SV-45177r1_rule
GEN002280
CCI-000225
MEDIUM
Device files and directories must only be writable by users with a system account or as configured by the vendor.
System device files in writable directories could be modified, removed, or used by an unprivileged user to control system hardware.System AdministratorECLP-1, ECCD-1, ECCD-2
SV-45178r1_rule
GEN002300
CCI-000225
MEDIUM
Device files used for backup must only be readable and/or writable by root or the backup user.
System backups could be accidentally or maliciously overwritten and destroy the ability to recover the system if a compromise should occur. Unauthorized users could also copy system files.trueSystem AdministratorECCD-2, ECCD-1
SV-46117r1_rule
GEN005740
CCI-000225
MEDIUM
The Network File System (NFS) export configuration file must be owned by root.
Failure to give ownership of the NFS export configuration file to root provides the designated owner and possible unauthorized users with the potential to change system configuration which could weaken the system's security posture.System AdministratorECLP-1
SV-46119r1_rule
GEN005760
CCI-000225
LOW
The Network File System (NFS) export configuration file must have mode 0644 or less permissive.
Excessive permissions on the NFS export configuration file could allow unauthorized modification of the file, which could result in Denial of Service to authorized NFS exports and the creation of additional unauthorized exports.System AdministratorECCD-1, ECCD-2, ECLP-1
SV-46121r1_rule
GEN005800
CCI-000225
MEDIUM
All Network File System (NFS) exported system files and system directories must be owned by root.
Failure to give ownership of sensitive files or directories to root provides the designated owner and possible unauthorized users with the potential to access sensitive information or change system configuration which could weaken the system's security posture.System AdministratorECSC-1
SV-46123r1_rule
GEN005820
CCI-000062
MEDIUM
The Network File System (NFS) anonymous UID and GID must be configured to values without permissions.
When an NFS server is configured to deny remote root access, a selected UID and GID are used to handle requests from the remote root user. The UID and GID should be chosen from the system to provide the appropriate level of non-privileged access.System AdministratorECSC-1, IAIA-2, IAIA-1
SV-46124r1_rule
GEN005840
CCI-000366
MEDIUM
The Network File System (NFS) server must be configured to restrict file system access to local hosts.
The NFS access option limits user access to the specified level. This assists in protecting exported file systems. If access is not restricted, unauthorized hosts may be able to access the system's NFS exports.System AdministratorECSC-1
SV-46125r1_rule
GEN005880
CCI-000225
MEDIUM
The Network File System (NFS) server must not allow remote root access.
If the NFS server allows root access to local file systems from remote hosts, this access could be used to compromise the system.System AdministratorInformation Assurance OfficerInformation Assurance ManagerEBRP-1
SV-46126r1_rule
GEN005900
CCI-000225
MEDIUM
The nosuid option must be enabled on all Network File System (NFS) client mounts.
Enabling the nosuid mount option prevents the system from granting owner or group-owner privileges to programs with the suid or sgid bit set. If the system does not restrict this access, users with unprivileged access to the local system may be able to acquire privileged access by executing suid or sgid files located on the mounted NFS file system.System AdministratorInformation Assurance OfficerInformation Assurance ManagerECPA-1
SV-45929r1_rule
GEN006580
CCI-000366
MEDIUM
The system must use an access control program.
Access control programs (such as TCP_WRAPPERS) provide the ability to enhance system security posture.System AdministratorEBRU-1
SV-45930r1_rule
GEN006600
CCI-000126
MEDIUM
The systems access control program must log each system access attempt.
If access attempts are not logged, then multiple attempts to log on to the system by an unauthorized user may go undetected.System AdministratorECAR-2, ECAR-3, ECAR-1
SV-45568r1_rule
GEN002960
CCI-000225
MEDIUM
Access to the cron utility must be controlled using the cron.allow and/or cron.deny file(s).
The cron facility allows users to execute recurring jobs on a regular and unattended basis. The cron.allow file designates accounts allowed to enter and execute jobs using the cron facility. If neither cron.allow nor cron.deny exists, then any account may use the cron facility. This may open the facility up for abuse by system intruders and malicious users.System AdministratorECLP-1
SV-45573r1_rule
GEN002980
CCI-000225
MEDIUM
The cron.allow file must have mode 0600 or less permissive.
A readable and/or writable cron.allow file by users other than root could allow potential intruders and malicious users to use the file contents to help discern information, such as who is allowed to execute cron programs, which could be harmful to overall system and network security.System AdministratorECLP-1
SV-45576r1_rule
GEN003000
CCI-000225
MEDIUM
Cron must not execute group-writable or world-writable programs.
If cron executes group-writable or world-writable programs, there is a possibility that unauthorized users could manipulate the programs with malicious intent. This could compromise system and network security.System AdministratorDCSL-1
SV-45580r1_rule
GEN003020
CCI-000225
MEDIUM
Cron must not execute programs in, or subordinate to, world-writable directories.
If cron programs are located in or subordinate to world-writable directories, they become vulnerable to removal and replacement by malicious users or system intruders.System AdministratorDCSL-1
SV-45600r2_rule
GEN003080
CCI-000225
MEDIUM
Crontab files must have mode 0600 or less permissive.
To protect the integrity of scheduled system jobs and prevent malicious modification to these jobs, crontab files must be secured.System AdministratorECLP-1
SV-45602r1_rule
GEN003100
CCI-000225
MEDIUM
Cron and crontab directories must have mode 0755 or less permissive.
To protect the integrity of scheduled system jobs and to prevent malicious modification to these jobs, crontab files must be secured.System AdministratorECLP-1
SV-45604r1_rule
GEN003120
CCI-000225
MEDIUM
Cron and crontab directories must be owned by root or bin.
Incorrect ownership of the cron or crontab directories could permit unauthorized users the ability to alter cron jobs and run automated jobs as privileged users. Failure to give ownership of cron or crontab directories to root or to bin provides the designated owner and unauthorized users with the potential to access sensitive information or change the system configuration which could weaken the system's security posture.System AdministratorECLP-1
SV-45609r1_rule
GEN003140
CCI-000225
MEDIUM
Cron and crontab directories must be group-owned by root, sys, bin or cron.
To protect the integrity of scheduled system jobs and to prevent malicious modification to these jobs, crontab files must be secured. Failure to give group-ownership of cron or crontab directories to a system group provides the designated group and unauthorized users with the potential to access sensitive information or change the system configuration which could weaken the system's security posture.System AdministratorECLP-1
SV-45615r1_rule
GEN003160
CCI-000126
MEDIUM
Cron logging must be implemented.
Cron logging can be used to trace the successful or unsuccessful execution of cron jobs. It can also be used to spot intrusions into the use of the cron facility by unauthorized and malicious users.
System AdministratorECAR-3, ECAR-1, ECAR-2
SV-45619r1_rule
GEN003180
CCI-000225
MEDIUM
The cronlog file must have mode 0600 or less permissive.
Cron logs contain reports of scheduled system activities and must be protected from unauthorized access or manipulation.
System AdministratorECTP-1, ECLP-1
SV-45648r2_rule
GEN003280
CCI-000225
MEDIUM
Access to the at utility must be controlled via the at.allow and/or at.deny file(s).
The "at" facility selectively allows users to execute jobs at deferred times. It is usually used for one-time jobs. The at.allow file selectively allows access to the "at" facility. If there is no at.allow file, there is no ready documentation of who is allowed to submit "at" jobs.System AdministratorECLP-1
SV-45649r1_rule
GEN003300
CCI-000225
MEDIUM
The at.deny file must not be empty if it exists.
On some systems, if there is no at.allow file and there is an empty at.deny file, then the system assumes everyone has permission to use the "at" facility. This could create an insecure setting in the case of malicious users or system intruders.trueSystem AdministratorInformation Assurance OfficerECLP-1
SV-45656r1_rule
GEN003320
CCI-000225
MEDIUM
Default system accounts (with the exception of root) must not be listed in the at.allow file or must be included in the at.deny file if the at.allow file does not exist.
Default accounts, such as bin, sys, adm, uucp, daemon, and others, should never have access to the "at" facility. This would create a possible vulnerability open to intruders or malicious users.System AdministratorECPA-1
SV-45667r1_rule
GEN003340
CCI-000225
MEDIUM
The at.allow file must have mode 0600 or less permissive.
Permissions more permissive than 0600 (read, write and execute for the owner) may allow unauthorized or malicious access to the at.allow and/or at.deny files.System AdministratorECLP-1
SV-45668r1_rule
GEN003360
CCI-000225
MEDIUM
The at daemon must not execute group-writable or world-writable programs.
If the "at" facility executes world-writable or group-writable programs, it is possible for the programs to be accidentally or maliciously changed or replaced without the owner's intent or knowledge. This would cause a system security breach.System AdministratorDCSL-1
SV-45669r1_rule
GEN003380
CCI-000225
MEDIUM
The at daemon must not execute programs in, or subordinate to, world-writable directories.
If "at" programs are located in, or subordinate, to world-writable directories, they become vulnerable to removal and replacement by malicious users or system intruders.System AdministratorDCSL-1
SV-45941r1_rule
GEN005300
CCI-000178
HIGH
SNMP communities, users, and passphrases must be changed from the default.
Whether active or not, default SNMP passwords, users, and passphrases must be changed to maintain security. If the service is running with the default authenticators, then anyone can gather data about the system and the network and use the information to potentially compromise the integrity of the system or network(s).System AdministratorIAAC-1
SV-45955r1_rule
GEN005320
CCI-000225
MEDIUM
The snmpd.conf file must have mode 0600 or less permissive.
The snmpd.conf file contains authenticators and must be protected from unauthorized access and modification.System AdministratorECLP-1
SV-45961r1_rule
GEN005340
CCI-000225
MEDIUM
Management Information Base (MIB) files must have mode 0640 or less permissive.
The ability to read the MIB file could impart special knowledge to an intruder or malicious user about the ability to extract compromising information about the system or network.System AdministratorECLP-1
SV-45201r1_rule
GEN002480
CCI-000366
MEDIUM
Public directories must be the only world-writable directories and world-writable files must be located only in public directories.
World-writable files and directories make it easy for a malicious user to place potentially compromising files on the system.
The only authorized public directories are those temporary directories supplied with the system or those designed to be temporary file repositories. The setting is normally reserved for directories used by the system and by users for temporary file storage, (e.g., /tmp), and for directories requiring global read/write access.System AdministratorECSC-1
SV-45783r1_rule
GEN003800
CCI-000134
LOW
Inetd or xinetd logging/tracing must be enabled.
Inetd or xinetd logging and tracing allows the system administrators to observe the IP addresses connecting to their machines and what network services are being sought. This provides valuable information when trying to find the source of malicious users and potential malicious users.System AdministratorECAR-1, ECSC-1, ECAR-2, ECAR-3
SV-46142r1_rule
GEN006240
CCI-000381
MEDIUM
The system must not run an Internet Network News (INN) server.
INN servers access Usenet newsfeeds and store newsgroup articles. INN servers use the Network News Transfer Protocol (NNTP) to transfer information from the Usenet to the server and from the server to authorized remote hosts.
If this function is necessary to support a valid mission requirement, its use must be authorized and approved in the system accreditation package.System AdministratorInformation Assurance OfficerECSC-1
SV-44652r1_rule
GEN000000-LNX00400
CCI-000225
MEDIUM
The /etc/access.conf file must be owned by root.
The /etc/access.conf file contains entries restricting access from the system console by authorized System Administrators. If the file is owned by a user other than root, it could compromise the system.System AdministratorECLP-1
SV-46130r1_rule
GEN006080
CCI-001436
MEDIUM
The Samba Web Administration Tool (SWAT) must be restricted to the local host or require SSL.
SWAT is a tool used to configure Samba. It modifies Samba configuration, which can impact system security, and must be protected from unauthorized access. SWAT authentication may involve the root password, which must be protected by encryption when traversing the network.
Restricting access to the local host allows for the use of SSH TCP forwarding, if configured, or administration by a web browser on the local system.System AdministratorECCT-2, EBRP-1, ECCT-1
SV-46131r1_rule
GEN006100
CCI-000225
MEDIUM
The /etc/smb.conf file must be owned by root.
The /etc/smb.conf file allows access to other machines on the network and grants permissions to certain users. If it is owned by another user, the file may be maliciously modified and the Samba configuration could be compromised.System AdministratorECLP-1
SV-46133r1_rule
GEN006140
CCI-000225
MEDIUM
The /etc/smb.conf file must have mode 0644 or less permissive.
If the "smb.conf" file has excessive permissions, the file may be maliciously modified and the Samba configuration could be compromised.System AdministratorECLP-1
SV-46135r1_rule
GEN006160
CCI-000225
MEDIUM
The /etc/smbpasswd file must be owned by root.
If the "smbpasswd" file is not owned by root, it may be maliciously accessed or modified, potentially resulting in the compromise of Samba accounts.System AdministratorECLP-1
SV-46139r1_rule
GEN006220
CCI-000225
MEDIUM
The smb.conf file must use the hosts option to restrict access to Samba.
Samba increases the attack surface of the system and must be restricted to communicate only with systems requiring access.System AdministratorECSC-1
SV-44859r1_rule
GEN000540
CCI-000198
MEDIUM
Users must not be able to change passwords more than once every 24 hours.
The ability to change passwords frequently facilitates users reusing the same password. This can result in users effectively never changing their passwords. This would be accomplished by users changing their passwords when required and then immediately changing it to the original value.
System AdministratorECSC-1
SV-44919r1_rule
GEN001100
CCI-000197
HIGH
Root passwords must never be passed over a network in clear text form.
If a user accesses the root account (or any account) using an unencrypted connection, the password is passed over the network in clear text form and is subject to interception and misuse. This is true even if recommended procedures are followed by logging on to a named account and using the su command to access root.System AdministratorECNK-2, IAIA-1, IAIA-2, ECNK-1
SV-44922r1_rule
GEN001120
CCI-000770
MEDIUM
The system must not permit root logins using remote access programs such as ssh.
Even though communications are encrypted, an additional layer of security may be gained by extending the policy of not logging directly on as root. In addition, logging in with a user-specific account preserves the audit trail.System AdministratorECPA-1
SV-44653r1_rule
GEN000000-LNX00420
CCI-000225
MEDIUM
The /etc/access.conf file must have a privileged group owner.
Depending on the access restrictions of the /etc/access.conf file, if the group owner were not a privileged group, it could endanger system security.System AdministratorECLP-1
SV-46089r1_rule
GEN000000-LNX00440
CCI-000225
MEDIUM
The /etc/security/access.conf file must have mode 0640 or less permissive.
If the access permissions are more permissive than 0640, system security could be compromised.System AdministratorECLP-1
SV-46132r1_rule
GEN006120
CCI-000225
MEDIUM
The /etc/smb.conf file must be group-owned by root, bin, sys, or system.
If the group owner of the "smb.conf" file is not root or a system group, the file may be maliciously modified and the Samba configuration could be compromised.System AdministratorECLP-1
SV-46136r1_rule
GEN006180
CCI-000225
MEDIUM
The smbpasswd file must be group-owned by root.
If the smbpasswd file is not group-owned by root, the smbpasswd file may be maliciously accessed or modified, potentially resulting in the compromise of Samba accounts.System AdministratorECLP-1
SV-46137r1_rule
GEN006200
CCI-000225
MEDIUM
The smbpasswd file must have mode 0600 or less permissive.
If the smbpasswd file has a mode more permissive than 0600, the smbpasswd file may be maliciously accessed or modified, potentially resulting in the compromise of Samba accounts.System AdministratorECLP-1
SV-44918r1_rule
GEN001080
CCI-000366
LOW
The root shell must be located in the / file system.
To ensure the root shell is available in repair and administrative modes, the root shell must be located in the / file system.System AdministratorECSC-1
SV-44884r1_rule
GEN000800
CCI-000200
MEDIUM
The system must prohibit the reuse of passwords within five iterations.
If a user, or root, used the same password continuously or was allowed to change it back shortly after being forced to change it to something else, it would provide a potential intruder with the opportunity to keep guessing at one user's password until it was guessed correctly.System AdministratorIAIA-2, IAIA-1
SV-45162r1_rule
GEN001940
CCI-000225
MEDIUM
User start-up files must not execute world-writable programs.
If start-up files execute world-writable programs, especially in unprotected directories, they could be maliciously modified to become trojans that destroy user files or otherwise compromise the system at the user, or higher, level. If the system is compromised at the user level, it is much easier to eventually compromise the system at the root and network level.System AdministratorDCSW-1
SV-45073r1_rule
GEN001660
CCI-000225
MEDIUM
All system start-up files must be owned by root.
System start-up files not owned by root could lead to system compromise by allowing malicious users or applications to modify them for unauthorized purposes. This could lead to system and network compromise.System AdministratorECLP-1
SV-45091r1_rule
GEN001680
CCI-000225
MEDIUM
All system start-up files must be group-owned by root, sys, bin, other, or system.
If system start-up files do not have a group owner of root or a system group, the files may be modified by malicious users or intruders.System AdministratorECLP-1
SV-45092r1_rule
GEN001700
CCI-000225
MEDIUM
System start-up files must only execute programs owned by a privileged UID or an application.
System start-up files executing programs owned by other than root (or another privileged user) or an application indicating the system may have been compromised.System AdministratorDCSL-1
SV-46075r1_rule
GEN008720
CCI-000225
MEDIUM
The systems boot loader configuration file(s) must have mode 0600 or less permissive.
File permissions greater than 0600 on boot loader configuration files could allow an unauthorized user to view or modify sensitive information pertaining to system boot instructions.System AdministratorECLP-1
SV-44654r1_rule
GEN000000-LNX00320
CCI-000225
HIGH
The system must not have special privilege accounts, such as shutdown and halt.
If special privilege accounts are compromised, the accounts could provide privileges to execute malicious commands on a system.System AdministratorIAAC-1
SV-44804r1_rule
GEN000290
CCI-000012
MEDIUM
The system must not have unnecessary accounts.
Accounts providing no operational purpose provide additional opportunities for system compromise. Unnecessary accounts include user accounts for individuals not requiring access to the system and application accounts for applications not installed on the system.System AdministratorIAAC-1
SV-46143r1_rule
GEN006260
CCI-000225
MEDIUM
The /etc/news/incoming.conf (or equivalent) must have mode 0600 or less permissive.
Excessive permissions on the "incoming.conf" file may allow unauthorized modification which could lead to Denial-of-Service to authorized users or provide access to unauthorized users.System AdministratorECLP-1
SV-46145r1_rule
GEN006280
CCI-000225
MEDIUM
The /etc/news/infeed.conf (or equivalent) must have mode 0600 or less permissive.
Excessive permissions on the "" file may allow unauthorized modification which could lead to Denial of Service to authorized users or provide access to unauthorized users.System AdministratorECLP-1
SV-45896r1_rule
GEN006300
CCI-000225
MEDIUM
The /etc/news/readers.conf (or equivalent) must have mode 0600 or less permissive.
Excessive permissions on the readers.conf file may allow unauthorized modification which could lead to Denial of Service to authorized users or provide access to unauthorized users.System AdministratorECLP-1
SV-45898r1_rule
GEN006320
CCI-000225
MEDIUM
The /etc/news/passwd.nntp file (or equivalent) must have mode 0600 or less permissive.
File permissions more permissive than 0600 for "/etc/news/passwd.nntp" may allow access to privileged information by system intruders or malicious users.System AdministratorECLP-1
SV-45901r1_rule
GEN006340
CCI-000225
MEDIUM
Files in /etc/news must be owned by root or news.
If critical system files are not owned by a privileged user, system integrity could be compromised.System AdministratorECLP-1
SV-45905r1_rule
GEN006360
CCI-000225
MEDIUM
The files in /etc/news must be group-owned by root or news.
If critical system files do not have a privileged group-owner, system integrity could be compromised.System AdministratorECLP-1
SV-45997r2_rule
GEN005500
CCI-001436
HIGH
The SSH daemon must be configured to only use the SSHv2 protocol.
SSHv1 is not a DoD-approved protocol and has many well-known vulnerability exploits. Exploits of the SSH daemon could provide immediate root access to the system.System AdministratorDCPP-1, ECSC-1
SV-44914r1_rule
GEN001000
CCI-000070
MEDIUM
Remote consoles must be disabled or protected from unauthorized access.
The remote console feature provides an additional means of access to the system which could allow unauthorized access if not disabled or properly secured. With virtualization technologies, remote console access is essential as there is no physical console for virtual machines. Remote console access must be protected in the same manner as any other remote privileged access method.System AdministratorECSC-1
SV-44771r1_rule
GEN000240
CCI-001492
MEDIUM
The system clock must be synchronized to an authoritative DoD time source.
To assure the accuracy of the system clock, it must be synchronized with an authoritative time source within DoD. Many system functions, including time-based login and activity restrictions, automated reports, system logs, and audit records depend on an accurate system clock. If there is no confidence in the correctness of the system clock, time-based functions may not operate as intended and records may be of diminished value.
Authoritative time sources include authorized time servers within the enclave that synchronize with upstream authoritative sources. Specific requirements for the upstream synchronization of network time protocol (NTP) servers are covered in the Network Other Devices STIG.
For systems located on isolated or closed networks, it is not necessary to synchronize with a global authoritative time source. If a global authoritative time source is not available to systems on an isolated network, a local authoritative time source must be established on this network and used by the systems connected to this network. This is necessary to provide the ability to correlate events and allow for the correct operation of time-dependent protocols between systems on the isolated network.
If the system is completely isolated (i.e., it has no connections to networks or other systems), time synchronization is not required as no correlation of events between systems will be necessary. If the system is completely isolated, this requirement is not applicable.System AdministratorECSC-1
SV-45753r1_rule
GEN003640
CCI-000553
MEDIUM
The root file system must employ journaling or another mechanism ensuring file system consistency.
File system journaling, or logging, can allow reconstruction of file system data after a system crash, preserving the integrity of data that may have otherwise been lost. Journaling file systems typically do not require consistency checks upon booting after a crash, which can improve system availability. Some file systems employ other mechanisms to ensure consistency also satisfying this requirement.System AdministratorECAR-3, ECAR-2, ECAR-1
SV-46129r1_rule
GEN006060
CCI-001436
MEDIUM
The system must not run Samba unless needed.
Samba is a tool used for the sharing of files and printers between Windows and UNIX operating systems. It provides access to sensitive files and, therefore, poses a security risk if compromised.System AdministratorECSC-1, DCPD-1
SV-44655r1_rule
GEN000000-LNX00480
CCI-000225
MEDIUM
The /etc/sysctl.conf file must be owned by root.
The sysctl.conf file specifies the values for kernel parameters to be set on boot. These settings can affect the system's security.System AdministratorECLP-1
SV-44656r1_rule
GEN000000-LNX00500
CCI-000225
MEDIUM
The /etc/sysctl.conf file must be group-owned by root.
The sysctl.conf file specifies the values for kernel parameters to be set on boot. These settings can affect the system's security.System AdministratorECLP-1
SV-44657r1_rule
GEN000000-LNX00520
CCI-000225
MEDIUM
The /etc/sysctl.conf file must have mode 0600 or less permissive.
The sysctl.conf file specifies the values for kernel parameters to be set on boot. These settings can affect the system's security.System AdministratorECLP-1
SV-44658r1_rule
GEN000000-LNX00560
CCI-000225
HIGH
The Linux NFS Server must not have the insecure file locking option.
Insecure file locking could allow for sensitive data to be viewed or edited by an unauthorized user.System AdministratorIAIA-2, IAIA-1
SV-44665r1_rule
GEN000000-LNX00600
CCI-000225
MEDIUM
The Linux PAM system must not grant sole access to admin privileges to the first user who logs into the console.
If an unauthorized user has been granted privileged access while logged in at the console, the security posture of a system could be greatly compromised. Additionally, such a situation could deny legitimate root access from another terminal.System AdministratorECPA-1
SV-45560r1_rule
GEN002860
CCI-000366
MEDIUM
Audit logs must be rotated daily.
Rotate audit logs daily to preserve audit file system space and to conform to the DoD/DISA requirement. If it is not rotated daily and moved to another location, then there is more of a chance for the compromise of audit data by malicious users.System AdministratorECSC-1
SV-45626r1_rule
GEN003200
CCI-000225
MEDIUM
The cron.deny file must have mode 0600 or less permissive.
If file permissions for cron.deny are more permissive than 0600, sensitive information could be viewed or edited by unauthorized users.
System AdministratorECLP-1
SV-45633r1_rule
GEN003220
CCI-000225
LOW
Cron programs must not set the umask to a value less restrictive than 077.
The umask controls the default access mode assigned to newly created files. A umask of 077 limits new files to mode 700 or less permissive. Although umask is often represented as a 4-digit octal number, the first digit representing special access modes is typically ignored or required to be 0.trueIf a cron program sets the umask to 000 or does not restrict the world-writable permission, this becomes a CAT I finding.System AdministratorECCD-2, ECCD-1
SV-45637r1_rule
GEN003240
CCI-000225
MEDIUM
The cron.allow file must be owned by root, bin, or sys.
If the owner of the cron.allow file is not set to root, bin, or sys, the possibility exists for an unauthorized user to view or to edit sensitive information.System AdministratorECLP-1
SV-45670r1_rule
GEN003400
CCI-000225
MEDIUM
The at directory must have mode 0755 or less permissive.
If the "at" directory has a mode more permissive than 0755, unauthorized users could be allowed to view or to edit files containing sensitive information within the "at" directory. Unauthorized modifications could result in Denial of Service to authorized "at" jobs.System AdministratorECLP-1
SV-45672r2_rule
GEN003420
CCI-000225
MEDIUM
The atjobs directory must be owned by root, bin, daemon or at.
If the owner of the "atjobs" directory is not root, bin, daemon or at, unauthorized users could be allowed to view or edit files containing sensitive information within the directory.System AdministratorECLP-1
SV-45674r1_rule
GEN003440
CCI-000225
MEDIUM
At jobs must not set the umask to a value less restrictive than 077.
The umask controls the default access mode assigned to newly created files. A umask of 077 limits new files to mode 700 or less permissive. Although umask is often represented as a 4-digit number, the first digit representing special access modes is typically ignored or required to be 0.trueSystem AdministratorInformation Assurance OfficerECCD-1, ECCD-2
SV-45675r1_rule
GEN003460
CCI-000225
MEDIUM
The at.allow file must be owned by root, bin, or sys.
If the owner of the at.allow file is not set to root, bin, or sys, unauthorized users could be allowed to view or edit sensitive information contained within the file.System AdministratorECLP-1
SV-45677r1_rule
GEN003480
CCI-000225
MEDIUM
The at.deny file must be owned by root, bin, or sys.
If the owner of the at.deny file is not set to root, bin, or sys, unauthorized users could be allowed to view or edit sensitive information contained within the file.System AdministratorECLP-1
SV-45818r1_rule
GEN003960
CCI-000225
MEDIUM
The traceroute command owner must be root.
If the traceroute command owner has not been set to root, an unauthorized user could use this command to obtain knowledge of the network topology inside the firewall. This information may allow an attacker to determine trusted routers and other network information potentially leading to system and network compromise.System AdministratorECLP-1
SV-45819r1_rule
GEN003980
CCI-000225
MEDIUM
The traceroute command must be group-owned by sys, bin, root, or system.
If the group owner of the traceroute command has not been set to a system group, unauthorized users could have access to the command and use it to gain information regarding a network's topology inside of the firewall. This information may allow an attacker to determine trusted routers and other network information potentially leading to system and network compromise.System AdministratorECLP-1
SV-45822r1_rule
GEN004000
CCI-000225
MEDIUM
The traceroute file must have mode 0700 or less permissive.
If the mode of the traceroute executable is more permissive than 0700, malicious code could be inserted by an attacker and triggered whenever the traceroute command is executed by authorized users. Additionally, if an unauthorized user is granted executable permissions to the traceroute command, it could be used to gain information about the network topology behind the firewall. This information may allow an attacker to determine trusted routers and other network information potentially leading to system and network compromise.System AdministratorECLP-1
SV-45825r1_rule
GEN004220
CCI-000225
HIGH
Administrative accounts must not run a web browser, except as needed for local service administration.
If a web browser flaw is exploited while running as a privileged user, the entire system could be compromised.
Specific exceptions for local service administration should be documented in site-defined policy. These exceptions may include HTTP(S)-based tools used for the administration of the local system, services, or attached devices. Examples of possible exceptions are HP’s System Management Homepage (SMH), the CUPS administrative interface, and Sun's StorageTek Common Array Manager (CAM) when these services are running on the local system.System AdministratorECLP-1
SV-46278r1_rule
GEN004560
CCI-000366
LOW
The SMTP services SMTP greeting must not provide version information.
The version of the SMTP service can be used by attackers to plan an attack based on vulnerabilities present in the specific version.System AdministratorECSC-1
SV-45868r1_rule
GEN004580
CCI-000366
MEDIUM
The system must not use .forward files.
The .forward file allows users to automatically forward mail to another system. Use of .forward files could allow the unauthorized forwarding of mail and could potentially create mail loops which could degrade system performance.System AdministratorECSC-1
SV-45886r1_rule
GEN005000
CCI-000225
HIGH
Anonymous FTP accounts must not have a functional shell.
If an anonymous FTP account has been configured to use a functional shell, attackers could gain access to the shell if the account is compromised.System AdministratorECCD-2, ECCD-1
SV-46157r1_rule
GEN005020
CCI-000366
MEDIUM
The anonymous FTP account must be configured to use chroot or a similarly isolated environment.
If an anonymous FTP account does not use a chroot or similarly isolated environment, the system may be more vulnerable to exploits against the FTP service. Such exploits could allow an attacker to gain shell access to the system and view, edit, or remove sensitive files.System AdministratorECSC-1
SV-45971r1_rule
GEN005380
CCI-001208
MEDIUM
If the system is a Network Management System (NMS) server, it must only run the NMS and any software required by the NMS.
Installing extraneous software on a system designated as a dedicated Network Management System (NMS) server poses a security threat to the system and the network. Should an attacker gain access to the NMS through unauthorized software, the entire network may be susceptible to malicious activity.System AdministratorDCPA-1
SV-45976r1_rule
GEN005400
CCI-000225
MEDIUM
The /etc/rsyslog.conf file must be owned by root.
If the /etc/syslog.conf file is not owned by root, unauthorized users could be allowed to view, edit, or delete important system messages handled by the syslog facility.System AdministratorECLP-1
SV-45978r1_rule
GEN005420
CCI-000225
MEDIUM
The /etc/rsyslog.conf file must be group-owned by root, bin, sys, or system.
If the group owner of /etc/syslog.conf is not root, bin, or sys, unauthorized users could be permitted to view, edit, or delete important system messages handled by the syslog facility.System AdministratorECLP-1
SV-45989r1_rule
GEN005460
CCI-000366
MEDIUM
The system must only use remote syslog servers (log hosts) that is justified and documented using site-defined procedures.
If a remote log host is in use and it has not been justified and documented with the IAO, sensitive information could be obtained by unauthorized users without the SA's knowledge. A remote log host is any host to which the system is sending syslog messages over a network.trueSystem AdministratorInformation Assurance OfficerECSC-1
SV-46110r1_rule
GEN005560
CCI-000366
MEDIUM
The system must be configured with a default gateway for IPv4 if the system uses IPv4, unless the system is a router.
If a system has no default gateway defined, the system is at increased risk of man-in-the-middle, monitoring, and Denial of Service attacks.System AdministratorECSC-1
SV-46112r1_rule
GEN005580
CCI-001208
MEDIUM
A system used for routing must not run other network services or applications.
Installing extraneous software on a system designated as a dedicated router poses a security threat to the system and the network. Should an attacker gain access to the router through the unauthorized software, the entire network is susceptible to malicious activity.System AdministratorDCSP-1
SV-45908r1_rule
GEN006380
CCI-001436
HIGH
The system must not use UDP for NIS/NIS+.
Implementing Network Information Service (NIS) or NIS+ under UDP may make the system more susceptible to a Denial of Service attack and does not provide the same quality of service as TCP.System AdministratorECSC-1
SV-45166r1_rule
GEN002020
CCI-000366
MEDIUM
All .rhosts, .shosts, or host.equiv files must only contain trusted host-user pairs.
If these files are not properly configured, they could allow malicious access by unknown malicious users from untrusted hosts who could compromise the system.System AdministratorECCD-1, ECCD-2
SV-45168r1_rule
GEN002060
CCI-000225
MEDIUM
All .rhosts, .shosts, .netrc, or hosts.equiv files must be accessible by only root or the owner.
If these files are accessible by users other than root or the owner, they could be used by a malicious user to set up a system compromise.System AdministratorECLP-1
SV-45644r1_rule
GEN003260
CCI-000225
MEDIUM
The cron.deny file must be owned by root, bin, or sys.
Cron daemon control files restrict the scheduling of automated tasks and must be protected.
System AdministratorECLP-1
SV-45787r1_rule
GEN003820
CCI-000068
HIGH
The rsh daemon must not be running.
The rshd process provides a typically unencrypted, host-authenticated remote access service. SSH should be used in place of this service.System AdministratorInformation Assurance OfficerEBRU-1
SV-45807r1_rule
GEN003840
CCI-001435
HIGH
The rexec daemon must not be running.
The rexecd process provides a typically unencrypted, host-authenticated remote access service. SSH should be used in place of this service.trueSystem AdministratorInformation Assurance OfficerEBRP-1, ECSC-1
SV-45869r1_rule
GEN004600
CCI-001230
HIGH
The SMTP service must be an up-to-date version.
The SMTP service version on the system must be current to avoid exposing vulnerabilities present in unpatched versions.System AdministratorVIVM-1
SV-45870r1_rule
GEN004620
CCI-000366
HIGH
The sendmail server must have the debug feature disabled.
Debug mode is a feature present in older versions of sendmail which, if not disabled, may allow an attacker to gain access to a system through the sendmail service.System AdministratorECSC-1
SV-45871r1_rule
GEN004640
CCI-001230
HIGH
The SMTP service must not have a uudecode alias active.
A common configuration for older Mail Transfer Agents (MTAs) is to include an alias for the decode user. All mail sent to this user is sent to the uudecode program, which automatically converts and stores files. By sending mail to the decode or the uudecode aliases present on some systems, a remote attacker may be able to create or overwrite files on the remote host. This could possibly be used to gain remote access.System AdministratorECSC-1
SV-45872r1_rule
GEN004660
CCI-000366
LOW
The SMTP service must not have the EXPN feature active.
The SMTP EXPN function allows an attacker to determine if an account exists on a system, providing significant assistance to a brute force attack on user accounts. EXPN may also provide additional information concerning users on the system, such as the full names of account owners.False positives may occur with the SMTP EXPN check. According to RFC821, it is acceptable for a server to respond with a 250 (success) or 550 (failure) when the server supports the EXPN command. For example, some servers return 550 EXPN command not available, meaning the command is not supported and the machine is not vulnerable. However, a result of 550 that is a mailing list, not a user would be a failure code, but not an indication of an error, and the machine would be vulnerable. If a false positive is suspected, check the log file for the response from the server.System AdministratorECSC-1
SV-45873r1_rule
GEN004680
CCI-000366
LOW
The SMTP service must not have the Verify (VRFY) feature active.
The VRFY command allows an attacker to determine if an account exists on a system, providing significant assistance to a brute force attack on user accounts. VRFY may provide additional information about users on the system, such as the full names of account owners.System AdministratorECSC-1
SV-45874r1_rule
GEN004700
CCI-000366
LOW
The sendmail service must not have the wizard backdoor active.
Very old installations of the Sendmail mailing system contained a feature whereby a remote user connecting to the SMTP port can enter the WIZ command and be given an interactive shell with root privileges.System AdministratorECSC-1
SV-45909r1_rule
GEN005140
CCI-000225
HIGH
Any active TFTP daemon must be authorized and approved in the system accreditation package.
TFTP is a file transfer protocol often used by embedded systems to obtain configuration data or software. The service is unencrypted and does not require authentication of requests. Data available using this service may be subject to unauthorized access or interception.System AdministratorInformation Assurance OfficerDCSW-1
SV-45938r1_rule
GEN005280
CCI-001436
MEDIUM
The system must not have the UUCP service active.
The UUCP utility is designed to assist in transferring files, executing remote commands, and sending e-mail between UNIX systems over phone lines and direct connections between systems. The UUCP utility is a primitive and arcane system with many security issues. There are alternate data transfer utilities/products that can be configured to more securely transfer data by providing for authentication as well as encryption.System AdministratorECSC-1
SV-45920r1_rule
GEN005200
CCI-000225
HIGH
X displays must not be exported to the world.
Open X displays allow an attacker to capture keystrokes and to execute commands remotely. Many users have their X Server set to “xhost +”, permitting access to the X Server by anyone, from anywhere.System AdministratorECSC-1
SV-45810r1_rule
GEN003860
CCI-001551
LOW
The system must not have the finger service active.
The finger service provides information about the system's users to network clients. This information could expose more information for potential used in subsequent attacks.System AdministratorEBRU-1, DCPP-1
SV-45878r1_rule
GEN004840
CCI-000787
MEDIUM
If the system is an anonymous FTP server, it must be isolated to the DMZ network.
Anonymous FTP is a public data service which is only permitted in a server capacity when located on the DMZ network.System AdministratorInformation Assurance OfficerEBBD-2, EBBD-1, EBBD-3, ECSC-1
SV-44761r1_rule
GEN000100
CCI-001230
HIGH
The operating system must be a supported release.
An operating system release is considered "supported" if the vendor continues to provide security patches for the product. With an unsupported release, it will not be possible to resolve security issues discovered in the system software.If an extended support agreement provides security patches for the unsupported product is procured from the vendor, this finding may be downgraded to a CAT III.System AdministratorVIVM-1
SV-44765r1_rule
GEN000220
CCI-001069
MEDIUM
A file integrity tool must be used at least weekly to check for unauthorized file changes, particularly the addition of unauthorized system libraries or binaries, or for unauthorized modification to authorized system libraries or binaries.
Changes in system libraries, binaries and other critical system files can indicate compromise or significant system events such as patching needing to be checked by automated processes and the results reviewed by the SA.
NOTE: For MAC I systems, increase the frequency to daily.System AdministratorDCSL-1
SV-44825r1_rule
GEN000340
CCI-000366
MEDIUM
UIDs reserved for system accounts must not be assigned to non-system accounts.
Reserved UIDs are typically used by system software packages. If non-system accounts have UIDs in this range, they may conflict with system software, possibly leading to the user having permissions to modify system files.System AdministratorECSC-1
SV-46194r2_rule
GEN000580
CCI-000205
MEDIUM
The system must require passwords contain a minimum of 15 characters.
The use of longer passwords reduces the ability of attackers to successfully obtain valid passwords using guessing or exhaustive search techniques by increasing the password search space.System AdministratorIAIA-2, IAIA-1
SV-44866r1_rule
GEN000600
CCI-000192
MEDIUM
The system must require passwords contain at least one uppercase alphabetic character.
To enforce the use of complex passwords, minimum numbers of characters of different classes are mandated. The use of complex passwords reduces the ability of attackers to successfully obtain valid passwords using guessing or exhaustive search techniques. Complexity requirements increase the password search space by requiring users to construct passwords from a larger character set than they may otherwise use.System AdministratorIAIA-1, IAIA-2
SV-44875r1_rule
GEN000620
CCI-000194
MEDIUM
The system must require passwords contain at least one numeric character.
To enforce the use of complex passwords, minimum numbers of characters of different classes are mandated. The use of complex passwords reduces the ability of attackers to successfully obtain valid passwords using guessing or exhaustive search techniques. Complexity requirements increase the password search space by requiring users to construct passwords from a larger character set than they may otherwise use.System AdministratorIAIA-2, IAIA-1
SV-44876r1_rule
GEN000640
CCI-001619
MEDIUM
The system must require passwords contain at least one special character.
To enforce the use of complex passwords, minimum numbers of characters of different classes are mandated. The use of complex passwords reduces the ability of attackers to successfully obtain valid passwords using guessing or exhaustive search techniques. Complexity requirements increase the password search space by requiring users to construct passwords from a larger character set than they may otherwise use.System AdministratorIAIA-2, IAIA-1
SV-44877r1_rule
GEN000680
CCI-000366
MEDIUM
The system must require passwords contain no more than three consecutive repeating characters.
To enforce the use of complex passwords, the number of consecutive repeating characters is limited. Passwords with excessive repeated characters may be more vulnerable to password-guessing attacks.System AdministratorIAIA-2, IAIA-1
SV-44879r1_rule
GEN000700
CCI-000180
MEDIUM
User passwords must be changed at least every 60 days.
Limiting the lifespan of authenticators limits the period of time an unauthorized user has access to the system while using compromised credentials and reduces the period of time available for password-guessing attacks to run against a single password.System AdministratorIAIA-1, IAIA-2
SV-44880r1_rule
GEN000740
CCI-000199
MEDIUM
All non-interactive/automated processing account passwords must be changed at least once per year or be locked.
Limiting the lifespan of authenticators limits the period of time an unauthorized user has access to the system while using compromised credentials and reduces the period of time available for password-guessing attacks to run against a single password. Locking the password for non-interactive and automated processing accounts is preferred as it removes the possibility of accessing the account by a password. On some systems, locking the passwords of these accounts may prevent the account from functioning properly. Passwords for non-interactive/automated processing accounts must not be used for direct logon to the system.System AdministratorIAIA-2, IAIA-1
SV-44915r1_rule
GEN001020
CCI-000770
MEDIUM
The root account must not be used for direct log in.
Direct login with the root account prevents individual user accountability. Acceptable non-routine uses of the root account for direct login are limited to emergency maintenance, the use of single-user mode for maintenance, and situations where individual administrator accounts are not available.System AdministratorECPA-1
SV-44916r1_rule
GEN001060
CCI-000126
MEDIUM
The system must log successful and unsuccessful access to the root account.
If successful and unsuccessful logins and logouts are not monitored or recorded, access attempts cannot be tracked. Without this logging, it may be impossible to track unauthorized access to the system.System AdministratorECAR-3, ECAR-1, ECAR-2
SV-45095r1_rule
GEN001720
CCI-000225
MEDIUM
All global initialization files must have mode 0644 or less permissive.
Global initialization files are used to configure the user's shell environment upon login. Malicious modification of these files could compromise accounts upon logon.System AdministratorECLP-1
SV-45104r1_rule
GEN001740
CCI-000225
MEDIUM
All global initialization files must be owned by root.
Global initialization files are used to configure the user's shell environment upon login. Malicious modification of these files could compromise accounts upon logon. Failure to give ownership of sensitive files or utilities to root or bin provides the designated owner and unauthorized users with the potential to access sensitive information or change the system configuration which could weaken the system's security posture.System AdministratorECLP-1
SV-45105r1_rule
GEN001760
CCI-000225
MEDIUM
All global initialization files must be group-owned by root, sys, bin, other, system, or the system default.
Global initialization files are used to configure the user's shell environment upon login. Malicious modification of these files could compromise accounts upon logon. Failure to give ownership of sensitive files or utilities to root or bin provides the designated owner and unauthorized users with the potential to access sensitive information or change the system configuration which could weaken the system's security posture.System AdministratorECLP-1
SV-45136r1_rule
GEN001820
CCI-000225
MEDIUM
All skeleton files and directories (typically in /etc/skel) must be owned by root or bin.
If the skeleton files are not protected, unauthorized personnel could change user startup parameters and possibly jeopardize user files. Failure to give ownership of sensitive files or utilities to root or bin provides the designated owner and unauthorized users with the potential to access sensitive information or change the system configuration which could weaken the system's security posture.System AdministratorECLP-1
SV-45141r1_rule
GEN001840
CCI-000366
MEDIUM
All global initialization files executable search paths must contain only absolute paths.
The executable search path (typically the PATH environment variable) contains a list of directories for the shell to search to find executables. If this path includes the current working directory or other relative paths, executables in these directories may be executed instead of system commands. This variable is formatted as a colon-separated list of directories. If there is an empty entry, such as a leading or trailing colon, or two consecutive colons, this is interpreted as the current working directory. Paths starting with a slash (/) are absolute paths.System AdministratorECCD-2, ECCD-1
SV-46274r1_rule
GEN001900
CCI-000366
MEDIUM
All local initialization files executable search paths must contain only absolute paths.
The executable search path (typically the PATH environment variable) contains a list of directories for the shell to search to find executables. If this path includes the current working directory or other relative paths, executables in these directories may be executed instead of system commands. This variable is formatted as a colon-separated list of directories. If there is an empty entry, such as a leading or trailing colon, or two consecutive colons, this is interpreted as the current working directory. Paths starting with a slash (/) are absolute paths.System AdministratorECCD-1, ECCD-2
SV-45164r1_rule
GEN001980
CCI-000366
MEDIUM
The .rhosts, .shosts, hosts.equiv, shosts.equiv, /etc/passwd, /etc/shadow, and/or /etc/group files must not contain a plus (+) without defining entries for NIS+ netgroups.
A plus (+) in system accounts files causes the system to lookup the specified entry using NIS. If the system is not using NIS, no such entries should exist.System AdministratorECCD-1, ECCD-2
SV-45167r1_rule
GEN002040
CCI-000366
HIGH
There must be no .rhosts, .shosts, hosts.equiv, or shosts.equiv files on the system.
The .rhosts, .shosts, hosts.equiv, and shosts.equiv files are used to configure host-based authentication for individual users or the system. Host-based authentication is not sufficient for preventing unauthorized access to the system.System AdministratorInformation Assurance OfficerECCD-2, ECCD-1
SV-45169r1_rule
GEN002100
CCI-000366
MEDIUM
The .rhosts file must not be supported in PAM.
.rhosts files are used to specify a list of hosts permitted remote access to a particular account without authenticating. The use of such a mechanism defeats strong identification and authentication requirements.System AdministratorECCD-2, ECCD-1
SV-45204r1_rule
GEN002540
CCI-000225
MEDIUM
All public directories must be group-owned by root or an application group.
If a public directory has the sticky bit set and is not group-owned by a privileged GID, unauthorized users may be able to modify files created by others.
The only authorized public directories are those temporary directories supplied with the system or those designed to be temporary file repositories. The setting is normally reserved for directories used by the system and by users for temporary file storage, (e.g., /tmp), and for directories requiring global read/write access.System AdministratorECLP-1
SV-45585r1_rule
GEN003040
CCI-000225
MEDIUM
Crontabs must be owned by root or the crontab creator.
To protect the integrity of scheduled system jobs and prevent malicious modification to these jobs, crontab files must be secured.System AdministratorDCSL-1
SV-46275r1_rule
GEN003060
CCI-000225
MEDIUM
Default system accounts (with the exception of root) must not be listed in the cron.allow file or must be included in the cron.deny file, if cron.allow does not exist.
To centralize the management of privileged account crontabs, of the default system accounts, only root may have a crontab.System AdministratorECPA-1
SV-45679r1_rule
GEN003500
CCI-000366
LOW
Process core dumps must be disabled unless needed.
Process core dumps contain the memory in use by the process when it crashed. Process core dump files can be of significant size and their use can result in file systems filling to capacity, which may result in Denial of Service. Process core dumps can be useful for software debugging. System AdministratorECCD-2, ECCD-1
SV-45704r1_rule
GEN003520
CCI-000225
LOW
The kernel core dump data directory must be owned by root.
Kernel core dumps may contain the full contents of system memory at the time of the crash. As the system memory may contain sensitive information, it must be protected accordingly. If the kernel core dump data directory is not owned by root, the core dumps contained in the directory may be subject to unauthorized access.System AdministratorECLP-1
SV-45717r1_rule
GEN003540
CCI-000366
MEDIUM
The system must implement non-executable program stacks.
A common type of exploit is the stack buffer overflow. An application receives, from an attacker, more data than it is prepared for and stores this information on its stack, writing beyond the space reserved for it. This can be designed to cause execution of the data written on the stack. One mechanism to mitigate this vulnerability is for the system to not allow the execution of instructions in sections of memory identified as part of the stack.System AdministratorECCD-1, ECSC-1, ECCD-2
SV-45719r1_rule
GEN003600
CCI-001551
MEDIUM
The system must not forward IPv4 source-routed packets.
Source-routed packets allow the source of the packet to suggest routers forward the packet along a different path than configured on the router, which can be used to bypass network security measures. This requirement applies only to the forwarding of source-routed traffic, such as when IPv4 forwarding is enabled and the system is functioning as a router.System AdministratorECSC-1
SV-45739r1_rule
GEN003620
CCI-001208
LOW
A separate file system must be used for user home directories (such as /home or an equivalent).
The use of separate file systems for different paths can protect the system from failures resulting from a file system becoming full or failing.trueSystem AdministratorECSC-1
SV-45755r1_rule
GEN003660
CCI-000126
MEDIUM
The system must log informational authentication data.
Monitoring and recording successful and unsuccessful logins assists in tracking unauthorized access to the system.System AdministratorECAR-2, ECAR-1, ECAR-3
SV-45756r1_rule
GEN003700
CCI-000305
MEDIUM
Inetd and xinetd must be disabled or removed if no network services utilizing them are enabled.
Unnecessary services should be disabled to decrease the attack surface of the system.System AdministratorECSC-1
SV-45863r2_rule
GEN004540
CCI-000366
MEDIUM
The SMTP service HELP command must not be enabled.
The HELP command should be disabled to mask version information. The version of the SMTP service software could be used by attackers to target vulnerabilities present in specific software versions.System AdministratorECSC-1
SV-45876r1_rule
GEN004800
CCI-000366
MEDIUM
Unencrypted FTP must not be used on the system.
: FTP is typically unencrypted and presents confidentiality and integrity risks. FTP may be protected by encryption in certain cases, such as when used in a Kerberos environment. SFTP and FTPS are encrypted alternatives to FTP.trueSystem AdministratorECSC-1
SV-45887r1_rule
GEN005040
CCI-000225
MEDIUM
All FTP users must have a default umask of 077.
The umask controls the default access mode assigned to newly created files. An umask of 077 limits new files to mode 700 or less permissive. Although umask is stored as a 4-digit number, the first digit representing special access modes is typically ignored or required to be zero (0).System AdministratorECCD-2, ECCD-1
SV-45965r1_rule
GEN005360
CCI-000225
MEDIUM
The snmpd.conf file must be owned by root.
The snmpd.conf file contains authenticators and must be protected from unauthorized access and modification. If the file is not owned by root, it may be subject to access and modification from unauthorized users.System AdministratorECLP-1
SV-45984r1_rule
GEN005440
CCI-000366
MEDIUM
The system must not be used as a syslog server (loghost) for systems external to the enclave.
Syslog messages are typically unencrypted, may contain sensitive information, and are restricted to the enclave.System AdministratorECSC-1
SV-45991r1_rule
GEN005480
CCI-000366
MEDIUM
The syslog daemon must not accept remote messages unless it is a syslog server documented using site-defined procedures.
Unintentionally running a syslog server accepting remote messages puts the system at increased risk. Malicious syslog messages sent to the server could exploit vulnerabilities in the server software itself, could introduce misleading information in to the system's logs, or could fill the system's storage leading to a Denial of Service.System AdministratorECSC-1
SV-46108r1_rule
GEN005540
CCI-000366
MEDIUM
The SSH daemon must be configured for IP filtering.
The SSH daemon must be configured for IP filtering to provide a layered defense against connection attempts from unauthorized addresses.System AdministratorECWM-1, ECSC-1
SV-46114r1_rule
GEN005600
CCI-000366
MEDIUM
IP forwarding for IPv4 must not be enabled, unless the system is a router.
If the system is configured for IP forwarding and is not a designated router, it could be used to bypass network security by providing a path for communication not filtered by network devices.System AdministratorECSC-1
SV-46127r1_rule
GEN006000
CCI-000366
MEDIUM
The system must not have a public Instant Messaging (IM) client installed.
Public (IM) systems are not approved for use and may result in the unauthorized distribution of information. IM clients provide a way for a user to send a message to one or more other users in real time. Additional capabilities may include file transfer and support for distributed game playing. Communication between clients and associated directory services are managed through messaging servers. Commercial IM clients include AOL Instant Messenger (AIM), MSN Messenger, and Yahoo! Messenger.
IM clients present a security issue when the clients route messages through public servers. The obvious implication is potentially sensitive information could be intercepted or altered in the course of transmission. This same issue is associated with the use of public e-mail servers. In order to reduce the potential for disclosure of sensitive Government information and to ensure the validity of official government information, IM clients connecting to public IM services will not be installed. Clients use to access internal or DoD-controlled IM services are permitted.System AdministratorECIM-1
SV-46128r1_rule
GEN006040
CCI-001436
MEDIUM
The system must not have any peer-to-peer file-sharing application installed.
Peer-to-peer file-sharing software can result in the unintentional exfiltration of information. There are also many legal issues associated with these types of utilities including copyright infringement or other intellectual property issues. The ASD Memo "Use of Peer-to-Peer (P2P) File-Sharing Applications across the DoD" states the following:
“P2P file-sharing applications are authorized for use on DOD networks with approval by the appropriate Designated Approval Authority (DAA). Documented requirements, security architecture, configuration management process, and a training program for users are all requirements within the approval process. The unauthorized use of application or services, including P2P applications, is prohibited, and such applications or services must be eliminated.”
P2P applications include, but are not limited to, the following:
-Napster
-Kazaa
-ARES
-Limewire
-IRC Chat Relay
-BitTorrentSystem AdministratorDesignated Approving AuthorityECSC-1, DCPD-1
SV-45910r1_rule
GEN006420
CCI-000366
MEDIUM
NIS maps must be protected through hard-to-guess domain names.
The use of hard-to-guess NIS domain names provides additional protection from unauthorized access to the NIS directory information.System AdministratorECSC-1
SV-45913r1_rule
GEN006560
CCI-000366
MEDIUM
The system vulnerability assessment tool, host-based intrusion detection tool, and file integrity tool must notify the SA and the IAO of a security breach or a suspected security breach.
Timely notifications of potential security compromises minimize the potential damage.
Minimally, the system must log these events and the SA and the IAO will receive the notifications during the daily system log review. If feasible, active alerting (such as e-mail or paging) should be employed consistent with the site’s established operations management systems and procedures.System AdministratorInformation Assurance OfficerECAT-2, ECAT-1
SV-45931r1_rule
GEN006620
CCI-000366
MEDIUM
The systems access control program must be configured to grant or deny system access to specific hosts.
If the system's access control program is not configured with appropriate rules for allowing and denying access to system network resources, services may be accessible to unauthorized hosts.System AdministratorECSC-1, ECCD-2, ECCD-1
SV-44669r1_rule
GEN000000-LNX00620
CCI-000225
MEDIUM
The /etc/securetty file must be group-owned by root, sys, or bin.
The securetty file contains the list of terminals permitting direct root logins. It must be protected from unauthorized modification.System AdministratorECLP-1
SV-44672r1_rule
GEN000000-LNX00640
CCI-000225
MEDIUM
The /etc/securetty file must be owned by root.
The securetty file contains the list of terminals permitting direct root logins. It must be protected from unauthorized modification.System AdministratorECLP-1
SV-44700r1_rule
GEN000000-LNX00660
CCI-000225
MEDIUM
The /etc/securetty file must have mode 0600 or less permissive.
The securetty file contains the list of terminals permitting direct root logins. It must be protected from unauthorized modification.System AdministratorECLP-1
SV-45811r1_rule
GEN003865
CCI-000305
MEDIUM
Network analysis tools must not be installed.
Network analysis tools allow for the capture of network traffic visible to the system.System AdministratorDCPA-1
SV-45967r1_rule
GEN006640
CCI-001668
MEDIUM
The system must use and update a DoD-approved virus scan program.
Virus scanning software can be used to protect a system from penetration from computer viruses and to limit their spread through intermediate systems.
The virus scanning software should be configured to perform scans dynamically on accessed files. If this capability is not available, the system must be configured to scan, at a minimum, all altered files on the system on a daily basis.
If the system processes inbound SMTP mail, the virus scanner must be configured to scan all received mail.System AdministratorECVP-1
SV-44772r1_rule
GEN000241
CCI-000366
MEDIUM
The system clock must be synchronized continuously, or at least daily.
A synchronized system clock is critical for the enforcement of time-based policies and the correlation of logs and audit records with other systems. Internal system clocks tend to drift and require periodic resynchronization to ensure their accuracy. Software, such as ntpd, can be used to continuously synchronize the system clock with authoritative sources. Alternatively, the system may be synchronized periodically, with a maximum of one day between synchronizations.
If the system is completely isolated (i.e., it has no connections to networks or other systems), time synchronization is not required as no correlation of events or operation of time-dependent protocols between systems will be necessary. If the system is completely isolated, this requirement is not applicable.System AdministratorECSC-1
SV-44773r1_rule
GEN000242
CCI-000160
MEDIUM
The system must use at least two time sources for clock synchronization.
A synchronized system clock is critical for the enforcement of time-based policies and the correlation of logs and audit records with other systems. For redundancy, two time sources are required so synchronization continues to function if one source fails.
If the system is completely isolated (i.e., it has no connections to networks or other systems), time synchronization is not required as no correlation of events or operation of time-dependent protocols between systems will be necessary. If the system is completely isolated, this requirement is not applicable.
Note: For the network time protocol (NTP), the requirement is two servers, but it is recommended to configure at least four distinct time servers which allow NTP to effectively exclude a time source not consistent with the others. The system's local clock must be excluded from the count of time sources.System AdministratorECSC-1
SV-44774r1_rule
GEN000244
CCI-000160
LOW
The system must use time sources that are local to the enclave.
A synchronized system clock is critical for the enforcement of time-based policies and the correlation of logs and audit records with other systems. The network architecture should provide multiple time servers within an enclave providing local service to the enclave and synchronize with time sources outside of the enclave.
If this server is an enclave time server, this requirement is not applicable.
If the system is completely isolated (i.e., it has no connections to networks or other systems), time synchronization is not required as no correlation of events or operation of time-dependent protocols between systems will be necessary. If the system is completely isolated, this requirement is not applicable.System AdministratorECSC-1
SV-44776r1_rule
GEN000250
CCI-000225
MEDIUM
The time synchronization configuration file (such as /etc/ntp.conf) must be owned by root.
A synchronized system clock is critical for the enforcement of time-based policies and the correlation of logs and audit records with other systems. If an illicit time source is used for synchronization, the integrity of system logs and the security of the system could be compromised. If the configuration files controlling time synchronization are not owned by a system account, unauthorized modifications could result in the failure of time synchronization.System AdministratorECLP-1
SV-44779r1_rule
GEN000251
CCI-000225
MEDIUM
The time synchronization file (such as /etc/ntp.conf) must be group-owned by root, bin, sys, or system.
A synchronized system clock is critical for the enforcement of time-based policies and the correlation of logs and audit records with other systems. If an illicit time source is used for synchronization, the integrity of system logs and the security of the system could be compromised. If the configuration files controlling time synchronization are not owned by a system group, unauthorized modifications could result in the failure of time synchronization.System AdministratorECLP-1
SV-44782r1_rule
GEN000252
CCI-000225
MEDIUM
The time synchronization configuration file (such as /etc/ntp.conf) must have mode 0640 or less permissive.
A synchronized system clock is critical for the enforcement of time-based policies and the correlation of logs and audit records with other systems. If an illicit time source is used for synchronization, the integrity of system logs and the security of the system could be compromised. If the configuration files controlling time synchronization are not protected, unauthorized modifications could result in the failure of time synchronization.System AdministratorECLP-1
SV-44788r1_rule
GEN000253
CCI-000225
MEDIUM
The time synchronization configuration file (such as /etc/ntp.conf) must not have an extended ACL.
A synchronized system clock is critical for the enforcement of time-based policies and the correlation of logs and audit records with other systems. If an illicit time source is used for synchronization, the integrity of system logs and the security of the system could be compromised. If the configuration files controlling time synchronization are not protected, unauthorized modifications could result in the failure of time synchronization.System AdministratorECLP-1
SV-44832r1_rule
GEN000450
CCI-000054
LOW
The system must limit users to 10 simultaneous system logins, or a site-defined number, in accordance with operational requirements.
Limiting simultaneous user logins can insulate the system from denial of service problems caused by excessive logins. Automated login processes operating improperly or maliciously may result in an exceptional number of simultaneous login sessions.
If the defined value of 10 logins does not meet operational requirements, the site may define the permitted number of simultaneous login sessions based on operational requirements.
This limit is for the number of simultaneous login sessions for EACH user account. This is NOT a limit on the total number of simultaneous login sessions on the system.trueSystem AdministratorECSC-1
SV-44833r1_rule
GEN000452
CCI-000052
LOW
The system must display the date and time of the last successful account login upon login.
Providing users with feedback on when account accesses last occurred facilitates user recognition and reporting of unauthorized account use.System AdministratorECSC-1
SV-44862r1_rule
GEN000585
CCI-000205
MEDIUM
The system must enforce compliance of the entire password during authentification.
Some common password hashing schemes only process the first eight characters of a user's password, which reduces the effective strength of the password.System AdministratorIAIA-2, IAIA-1
SV-44864r1_rule
GEN000590
CCI-000803
MEDIUM
The system must use a FIPS 140-2 approved cryptographic hashing algorithm for generating account password hashes.
Systems must employ cryptographic hashes for passwords using the SHA-2 family of algorithms or FIPS 140-2 approved successors. The use of unapproved algorithms may result in weak password hashes more vulnerable to compromise.System AdministratorDCNR-1, IAIA-2, IAIA-1
SV-44865r1_rule
GEN000595
CCI-000196
MEDIUM
The password hashes stored on the system must have been generated using a FIPS 140-2 approved cryptographic hashing algorithm.
Systems must employ cryptographic hashes for passwords using the SHA-2 family of algorithms or FIPS 140-2 approved successors. The use of unapproved algorithms may result in weak password hashes more vulnerable to compromise.System AdministratorIAIA-1, IAIA-2, DCNR-1
SV-44867r1_rule
GEN000610
CCI-000193
MEDIUM
The system must require passwords contain at least one lowercase alphabetic character.
To enforce the use of complex passwords, minimum numbers of characters of different classes are mandated. The use of complex passwords reduces the ability of attackers to successfully obtain valid passwords using guessing or exhaustive search techniques. Complexity requirements increase the password search space by requiring users to construct passwords from a larger character set than they may otherwise use.System AdministratorIAIA-2, IAIA-1
SV-44881r2_rule
GEN000750
CCI-000195
MEDIUM
The system must require at least eight characters be changed between the old and new passwords during a password change.
To ensure password changes are effective in their goals, the system must ensure that old and new passwords have significant differences. Without significant changes, new passwords may be easily guessed based on the value of a previously compromised password.System AdministratorIAIA-1, IAIA-2
SV-44883r1_rule
GEN000790
CCI-000189
MEDIUM
The system must prevent the use of dictionary words for passwords.
An easily guessable password provides an open door to any external or internal malicious intruder. Many computer compromises occur as the result of account name and password guessing. This is generally done by someone with an automated script that uses repeated logon attempts until the correct account and password pair is guessed. Utilities, such as cracklib, can be used to validate passwords are not dictionary words and meet other criteria during password changes.System AdministratorIAIA-1, IAIA-2
SV-44899r1_rule
GEN000850
CCI-000009
LOW
The system must restrict the ability to switch to the root user to members of a defined group.
Configuring a supplemental group for users permitted to switch to the root user prevents unauthorized users from accessing the root account, even with knowledge of the root credentials.System AdministratorECLP-1
SV-44903r1_rule
GEN000930
CCI-000225
MEDIUM
The root accounts home directory must not have an extended ACL.
File system extended ACLs provide access to files beyond what is allowed by the unix permissions of the files.System AdministratorECLP-1
SV-44906r1_rule
GEN000945
CCI-000366
MEDIUM
The root accounts library search path must be the system default and must contain only absolute paths.
The library search path environment variable(s) contain a list of directories for the dynamic linker to search to find libraries. If this path includes the current working directory or other relative paths, libraries in these directories may be loaded instead of system libraries. This variable is formatted as a colon-separated list of directories. If there is an empty entry, such as a leading or trailing colon or two consecutive colons, this is interpreted as the current working directory. Entries starting with a slash (/) are absolute paths.System AdministratorECSC-1
SV-44911r1_rule
GEN000950
CCI-000366
MEDIUM
The root accounts list of preloaded libraries must be empty.
The library preload list environment variable contains a list of libraries for the dynamic linker to load before loading the libraries required by the binary. If this list contains paths to libraries relative to the current working directory, unintended libraries may be preloaded. This variable is formatted as a space-separated list of libraries. Paths starting with (/) are absolute paths.System AdministratorECSC-1
SV-44927r1_rule
GEN001170
CCI-000366
MEDIUM
All files and directories must have a valid group-owner.
Files without a valid group owner may be unintentionally inherited if a group is assigned the same GID as the GID of the files without a valid group-owner.System AdministratorECSC-1
SV-44934r1_rule
GEN001190
CCI-000225
MEDIUM
All network services daemon files must not have extended ACLs.
Restricting permission on daemons will protect them from unauthorized modification and possible system compromise.System AdministratorECLP-1
SV-44938r1_rule
GEN001210
CCI-001499
MEDIUM
All system command files must not have extended ACLs.
Restricting permissions will protect system command files from unauthorized modification. System command files include files present in directories used by the operating system for storing default system executables and files present in directories included in the system's default executable search paths.System AdministratorECLP-1
SV-44948r1_rule
GEN001270
CCI-001314
MEDIUM
System log files must not have extended ACLs, except as needed to support authorized software.
If the system log files are not protected, unauthorized users could change the logged data, eliminating its forensic value. Authorized software may be given log file access through the use of extended ACLs when needed and configured to provide the least privileges required.trueSystem AdministratorECTP-1, ECLP-1
SV-44950r1_rule
GEN001290
CCI-000225
LOW
All manual page files must not have extended ACLs.
If manual pages are compromised, misleading information could be inserted, causing actions to compromise the system.System AdministratorECLP-1
SV-44952r1_rule
GEN001310
CCI-001499
MEDIUM
All library files must not have extended ACLs.
Unauthorized access could destroy the integrity of the library files.System AdministratorECLP-1
SV-44964r1_rule
GEN001361
CCI-000225
MEDIUM
NIS/NIS+/yp command files must not have extended ACLs.
NIS/NIS+/yp files are part of the system's identification and authentication processes and are critical to system security. ACLs on these files could result in unauthorized modification, which could compromise these processes and the system. System AdministratorECLP-1
SV-44972r1_rule
GEN001362
CCI-000225
MEDIUM
The /etc/resolv.conf file must be owned by root.
The resolv.conf (or equivalent) file configures the system's DNS resolver. DNS is used to resolve host names to IP addresses. If DNS configuration is modified maliciously, host name resolution may fail or return incorrect information. DNS may be used by a variety of system security functions such as time synchronization, centralized authentication, and remote system logging.
System AdministratorECLP-1
SV-44974r1_rule
GEN001363
CCI-000225
MEDIUM
The /etc/resolve.conf file must be group-owned by root, bin, sys or system.
The resolv.conf (or equivalent) file configures the system's DNS resolver. DNS is used to resolve host names to IP addresses. If DNS configuration is modified maliciously, host name resolution may fail or return incorrect information. DNS may be used by a variety of system security functions such as time synchronization, centralized authentication, and remote system logging.System AdministratorECLP-1
SV-44976r1_rule
GEN001364
CCI-000225
MEDIUM
The /etc/resolv.conf file must have mode 0644 or less permissive.
The resolv.conf (or equivalent) file configures the system's DNS resolver. DNS is used to resolve host names to IP addresses. If DNS configuration is modified maliciously, host name resolution may fail or return incorrect information. DNS may be used by a variety of system security functions such as time synchronization, centralized authentication, and remote system logging.System AdministratorECLP-1
SV-44978r1_rule
GEN001365
CCI-000225
MEDIUM
The /etc/resolv.conf file must not have an extended ACL.
The resolv.conf (or equivalent) file configures the system's DNS resolver. DNS is used to resolve host names to IP addresses. If DNS configuration is modified maliciously, host name resolution may fail or return incorrect information. DNS may be used by a variety of system security functions such as time synchronization, centralized authentication, and remote system logging.System AdministratorECLP-1
SV-44981r1_rule
GEN001366
CCI-000225
MEDIUM
The /etc/hosts file must be owned by root.
The /etc/hosts file (or equivalent) configures local host name to IP address mappings that typically take precedence over DNS resolution. If this file is maliciously modified, it could cause the failure or compromise of security functions requiring name resolution, which may include time synchronization, centralized authentication, and remote system logging.System AdministratorECLP-1
SV-44982r1_rule
GEN001367
CCI-000225
MEDIUM
The /etc/hosts file must be group-owned by root, bin, sys or system.
The /etc/hosts file (or equivalent) configures local host name to IP address mappings that typically take precedence over DNS resolution. If this file is maliciously modified, it could cause the failure or compromise of security functions requiring name resolution, which may include time synchronization, centralized authentication, and remote system logging.System AdministratorECLP-1
SV-44983r1_rule
GEN001368
CCI-000225
MEDIUM
The /etc/hosts file must have mode 0644 or less permissive.
The /etc/hosts file (or equivalent) configures local host name to IP address mappings that typically take precedence over DNS resolution. If this file is maliciously modified, it could cause the failure or compromise of security functions requiring name resolution, which may include time synchronization, centralized authentication, and remote system logging.System AdministratorECLP-1
SV-44984r1_rule
GEN001369
CCI-000225
MEDIUM
The /etc/hosts file must not have an extended ACL.
The /etc/hosts file (or equivalent) configures local host name to IP address mappings that typically take precedence over DNS resolution. If this file is maliciously modified, it could cause the failure or compromise of security functions requiring name resolution, which may include time synchronization, centralized authentication, and remote system logging.System AdministratorECLP-1
SV-44985r1_rule
GEN001371
CCI-000225
MEDIUM
The /etc/nsswitch.conf file must be owned by root.
The nsswitch.conf file (or equivalent) configures the source of a variety of system security information including account, group, and host lookups. Malicious changes could prevent the system from functioning or compromise system security.System AdministratorECLP-1
SV-44986r1_rule
GEN001372
CCI-000225
MEDIUM
The /etc/nsswitch.conf file must be group-owned by root, bin, sys or system.
The nsswitch.conf file (or equivalent) configures the source of a variety of system security information including account, group, and host lookups. Malicious changes could prevent the system from functioning or compromise system security.System AdministratorECLP-1
SV-44987r1_rule
GEN001373
CCI-000225
MEDIUM
The /etc/nsswitch.conf file must have mode 0644 or less permissive.
The nsswitch.conf file (or equivalent) configures the source of a variety of system security information including account, group, and host lookups. Malicious changes could prevent the system from functioning or compromise system security.System AdministratorECLP-1
SV-44988r1_rule
GEN001374
CCI-000225
MEDIUM
The /etc/nsswitch.conf file must not have an extended ACL.
The nsswitch.conf file (or equivalent) configures the source of a variety of system security information including account, group, and host lookups. Malicious changes could prevent the system from functioning or compromise system security.System AdministratorECLP-1
SV-44989r1_rule
GEN001375
CCI-001182
LOW
For systems using DNS resolution, at least two name servers must be configured.
To provide availability for name resolution services, multiple redundant name servers are mandated. A failure in name resolution could lead to the failure of security functions requiring name resolution, which may include time synchronization, centralized authentication, and remote system logging.System AdministratorECSC-1
SV-44990r1_rule
GEN001378
CCI-000225
MEDIUM
The /etc/passwd file must be owned by root.
The /etc/passwd file contains the list of local system accounts. It is vital to system security and must be protected from unauthorized modification.System AdministratorECLP-1
SV-44991r1_rule
GEN001379
CCI-000225
MEDIUM
The /etc/passwd file must be group-owned by root, bin, sys or system.
The /etc/passwd file contains the list of local system accounts. It is vital to system security and must be protected from unauthorized modification.System AdministratorECLP-1
SV-44993r1_rule
GEN001390
CCI-000225
MEDIUM
The /etc/passwd file must not have an extended ACL.
File system ACLs can provide access to files beyond what is allowed by the mode numbers of the files. The /etc/passwd file contains the list of local system accounts. It is vital to system security and must be protected from unauthorized modification.System AdministratorECLP-1
SV-44995r1_rule
GEN001391
CCI-000225
MEDIUM
The /etc/group file must be owned by root.
The /etc/group file is critical to system security and must be owned by a privileged user. The group file contains a list of system groups and associated information.System AdministratorECLP-1
SV-44997r1_rule
GEN001392
CCI-000225
MEDIUM
The /etc/group file must be group-owned by root, bin, sys, or system.
The /etc/group file is critical to system security and must be protected from unauthorized modification. The group file contains a list of system groups and associated information.System AdministratorECLP-1
SV-44998r1_rule
GEN001393
CCI-000225
MEDIUM
The /etc/group file must have mode 0644 or less permissive.
The /etc/group file is critical to system security and must be protected from unauthorized modification. The group file contains a list of system groups and associated information.System AdministratorECLP-1
SV-44999r1_rule
GEN001394
CCI-000225
MEDIUM
The /etc/group file must not have an extended ACL.
The /etc/group file is critical to system security and must be protected from unauthorized modification. The group file contains a list of system groups and associated information.System AdministratorECLP-1
SV-45001r2_rule
GEN001410
CCI-000225
MEDIUM
The /etc/shadow file (or equivalent) must be group-owned by root, bin, sys, or shadow.
The /etc/shadow file contains the list of local system accounts. It is vital to system security and must be protected from unauthorized modification. The file also contains password hashes which must not be accessible to users other than root.System AdministratorECLP-1
SV-45006r1_rule
GEN001430
CCI-000225
MEDIUM
The /etc/shadow file must not have an extended ACL.
The /etc/shadow file contains the list of local system accounts. It is vital to system security and must be protected from unauthorized modification. The file also contains password hashes which must not be accessible to users other than root.System AdministratorECLP-1
SV-45016r1_rule
GEN001470
CCI-000201
MEDIUM
The /etc/passwd file must not contain password hashes.
If password hashes are readable by non-administrators, the passwords are subject to attack through lookup tables or cryptographic weaknesses in the hashes.System AdministratorECLP-1
SV-45017r1_rule
GEN001475
CCI-000225
MEDIUM
The /etc/group file must not contain any group password hashes.
Group passwords are typically shared and should not be used. Additionally, if password hashes are readable by non-administrators, the passwords are subject to attack through lookup tables or cryptographic weaknesses in the hashes.System AdministratorECLP-1
SV-45029r1_rule
GEN001490
CCI-000225
LOW
User home directories must not have extended ACLs.
Excessive permissions on home directories allow unauthorized access to user files.System AdministratorECLP-1
SV-45038r1_rule
GEN001550
CCI-000225
MEDIUM
All files and directories contained in user home directories must be group-owned by a group of which the home directorys owner is a member.
If a user's files are group-owned by a group of which the user is not a member, unintended users may be able to access them.System AdministratorECLP-1
SV-45042r1_rule
GEN001570
CCI-000225
MEDIUM
All files and directories contained in user home directories must not have extended ACLs.
Excessive permissions allow unauthorized access to user files.System AdministratorECLP-1
SV-45059r1_rule
GEN001590
CCI-000225
MEDIUM
All run control scripts must have no extended ACLs.
If the startup files are writable by other users, they could modify the startup files to insert malicious commands into the startup files.System AdministratorECLP-1
SV-45066r1_rule
GEN001605
CCI-000366
MEDIUM
Run control scripts library search paths must contain only absolute paths.
The library search path environment variable(s) contain a list of directories for the dynamic linker to search to find libraries. If this path includes the current working directory or other relative paths, libraries in these directories may be loaded instead of system libraries. This variable is formatted as a colon-separated list of directories. If there is an empty entry, such as a leading or trailing colon, or two consecutive colons, this is interpreted as the current working directory. Paths starting with a slash (/) are absolute paths.
System AdministratorECSC-1
SV-45067r1_rule
GEN001610
CCI-000366
MEDIUM
Run control scripts lists of preloaded libraries must contain only absolute paths.
The library preload list environment variable contains a list of libraries for the dynamic linker to load before loading the libraries required by the binary. If this list contains paths to libraries relative to the current working directory, unintended libraries may be preloaded. This variable is formatted as a space-separated list of libraries. Paths starting with a slash (/) are absolute paths.System AdministratorECSC-1
SV-45102r1_rule
GEN001730
CCI-000225
MEDIUM
All global initialization files must not have extended ACLs.
Global initialization files are used to configure the user's shell environment upon login. Malicious modification of these files could compromise accounts upon logon.System AdministratorECLP-1
SV-45134r1_rule
GEN001810
CCI-000225
MEDIUM
Skeleton files must not have extended ACLs.
If the skeleton files are not protected, unauthorized personnel could change user startup parameters and possibly jeopardize user files.System AdministratorECLP-1
SV-45139r2_rule
GEN001830
CCI-000225
MEDIUM
All skeleton files (typically in /etc/skel) must be group-owned by root, bin or sys.
If the skeleton files are not protected, unauthorized personnel could change user startup parameters and possibly jeopardize user files.System AdministratorECLP-1
SV-45145r1_rule
GEN001845
CCI-000366
MEDIUM
Global initialization files library search paths must contain only absolute paths.
The library search path environment variable(s) contain a list of directories for the dynamic linker to search to find libraries. If this path includes the current working directory or other relative paths, libraries in these directories may be loaded instead of system libraries. This variable is formatted as a colon-separated list of directories. If there is an empty entry, such as a leading or trailing colon, or two consecutive colons, this is interpreted as the current working directory. Paths starting with a slash (/) are absolute paths.System AdministratorECSC-1
SV-45149r1_rule
GEN001850
CCI-000366
MEDIUM
Global initialization files lists of preloaded libraries must contain only absolute paths.
The library preload list environment variable contains a list of libraries for the dynamic linker to load before loading the libraries required by the binary. If this list contains paths to libraries relative to the current working directory, unintended libraries may be preloaded. This variable is formatted as a space-separated list of libraries. Paths starting with a slash (/) are absolute paths.System AdministratorECSC-1
SV-45153r1_rule
GEN001870
CCI-000225
MEDIUM
Local initialization files must be group-owned by the users primary group or root.
Local initialization files are used to configure the user's shell environment upon login. Malicious modification of these files could compromise accounts upon logon.System AdministratorECLP-1
SV-45156r1_rule
GEN001890
CCI-000225
MEDIUM
Local initialization files must not have extended ACLs.
Local initialization files are used to configure the user's shell environment upon login. Malicious modification of these files could compromise accounts upon logon.System AdministratorECLP-1
SV-45160r1_rule
GEN001901
CCI-000366
MEDIUM
Local initialization files library search paths must contain only absolute paths.
The library search path environment variable(s) contain a list of directories for the dynamic linker to search to find libraries. If this path includes the current working directory or other relative paths, libraries in these directories may be loaded instead of system libraries. This variable is formatted as a colon-separated list of directories. If there is an empty entry, such as a leading or trailing colon, or two consecutive colons, this is interpreted as the current working directory. Paths starting with a slash (/) are absolute paths.System AdministratorECSC-1
SV-45161r1_rule
GEN001902
CCI-000366
MEDIUM
Local initialization files lists of preloaded libraries must contain only absolute paths.
The library preload list environment variable contains a list of libraries for the dynamic linker to load before loading the libraries required by the binary. If this list contains paths to libraries relative to the current working directory, unintended libraries may be preloaded. This variable is formatted as a space-separated list of libraries. Paths starting with a slash (/) are absolute paths.System AdministratorECSC-1
SV-45173r1_rule
GEN002210
CCI-000225
MEDIUM
All shell files must be group-owned by root, bin, sys, or system.
If shell files are group-owned by users other than root or a system group, they could be modified by intruders or malicious users to perform unauthorized actions.System AdministratorECLP-1
SV-45175r1_rule
GEN002230
CCI-000225
MEDIUM
All shell files must not have extended ACLs.
Shells with world/group write permissions give the ability to maliciously modify the shell to obtain unauthorized access.System AdministratorECLP-1
SV-45190r1_rule
GEN002430
CCI-000366
MEDIUM
Removable media, remote file systems, and any file system not containing approved device files must be mounted with the nodev option.
The "nodev" (or equivalent) mount option causes the system to not handle device files as system devices. This option must be used for mounting any file system not containing approved device files. Device files can provide direct access to system hardware and can compromise security if not protected.System AdministratorECSC-1
SV-45211r1_rule
GEN002710
CCI-000163
MEDIUM
All system audit files must not have extended ACLs.
If a user can write to the audit logs, then audit trails can be modified or destroyed and system intrusion may not be detected.System AdministratorECTP-1
SV-45272r1_rule
GEN002715
CCI-001493
LOW
System audit tool executables must be owned by root.
To prevent unauthorized access or manipulation of system audit logs, the tools for manipulating those logs must be protected.System AdministratorECLP-1
SV-45274r1_rule
GEN002716
CCI-001493
LOW
System audit tool executables must be group-owned by root, bin, sys, or system.
To prevent unauthorized access or manipulation of system audit logs, the tools for manipulating those logs must be protected.System AdministratorECLP-1
SV-45277r1_rule
GEN002717
CCI-001493
LOW
System audit tool executables must have mode 0750 or less permissive.
To prevent unauthorized access or manipulation of system audit logs, the tools for manipulating those logs must be protected.System AdministratorECLP-1
SV-45279r1_rule
GEN002718
CCI-001493
LOW
System audit tool executables must not have extended ACLs.
To prevent unauthorized access or manipulation of system audit logs, the tools for manipulating those logs must be protected.System AdministratorECLP-1
SV-45285r1_rule
GEN002719
CCI-000139
LOW
The audit system must alert the SA in the event of an audit processing failure.
An accurate and current audit trail is essential for maintaining a record of system activity. If the system fails, the SA must be notified and must take prompt action to correct the problem.
Minimally, the system must log this event and the SA will receive this notification during the daily system log review. If feasible, active alerting (such as e-mail or paging) should be employed consistent with the site’s established operations management systems and procedures.System AdministratorECAT-1
SV-45298r1_rule
GEN002730
CCI-000143
MEDIUM
The audit system must alert the SA when the audit storage volume approaches its capacity.
An accurate and current audit trail is essential for maintaining a record of system activity. If the system fails, the SA must be notified and must take prompt action to correct the problem.
Minimally, the system must log this event and the SA will receive this notification during the daily system log review. If feasible, active alerting (such as e-mail or paging) should be employed consistent with the site’s established operations management systems and procedures.System AdministratorECSC-1
SV-45305r1_rule
GEN002750
CCI-000018
LOW
The audit system must be configured to audit account creation.
If the system is not configured to audit certain activities and write them to an audit log, it is more difficult to detect and track system compromises, and damages incurred during a system compromise.System AdministratorECAT-1
SV-45308r1_rule
GEN002751
CCI-001403
LOW
The audit system must be configured to audit account modification.
If the system is not configured to audit certain activities and write them to an audit log, it is more difficult to detect and track system compromises and damages incurred during a system compromise.System AdministratorECAT-1
SV-45319r1_rule
GEN002752
CCI-001404
LOW
The audit system must be configured to audit account disabling.
If the system is not configured to audit certain activities and write them to an audit log, it is more difficult to detect and track system compromises and damages incurred during a system compromise.System AdministratorECAT-1
SV-45323r1_rule
GEN002753
CCI-001405
LOW
The audit system must be configured to audit account termination.
If the system is not configured to audit certain activities and write them to an audit log, it is more difficult to detect and track system compromises and damages incurred during a system compromise.System AdministratorECAT-1
SV-45556r1_rule
GEN002825
CCI-000126
MEDIUM
The audit system must be configured to audit the loading and unloading of dynamic kernel modules.
Actions concerning dynamic kernel modules must be recorded as they are substantial events. Dynamic kernel modules can increase the attack surface of a system. A malicious kernel module can be used to substantially alter the functioning of a system, often with the purpose of hiding a compromise from the SA.System AdministratorECAR-1
SV-45574r1_rule
GEN002990
CCI-000225
MEDIUM
The cron.allow file must not have an extended ACL.
A readable and/or writeable cron.allow file by other users than root could allow potential intruders and malicious users to use the file contents to help discern information, such as who is allowed to execute cron programs, which could be harmful to overall system and network security.System AdministratorECLP-1
SV-45596r1_rule
GEN003050
CCI-000225
MEDIUM
Crontab files must be group-owned by root, cron, or the crontab creators primary group.
To protect the integrity of scheduled system jobs and prevent malicious modification to these jobs, crontab files must be secured.System AdministratorECLP-1
SV-45601r1_rule
GEN003090
CCI-000225
MEDIUM
Crontab files must not have extended ACLs.
To protect the integrity of scheduled system jobs and to prevent malicious modification to these jobs, crontab files must be secured. ACLs on crontab files may provide unauthorized access to the files.System AdministratorECLP-1
SV-45603r1_rule
GEN003110
CCI-000225
MEDIUM
Cron and crontab directories must not have extended ACLs.
To protect the integrity of scheduled system jobs and to prevent malicious modification to these jobs, crontab files must be secured. ACLs on cron and crontab directories may provide unauthorized access to these directories. Unauthorized modifications to these directories or their contents may result in the addition of unauthorized cron jobs or deny service to authorized cron jobs.System AdministratorECLP-1
SV-45622r1_rule
GEN003190
CCI-000225
MEDIUM
The cron log files must not have extended ACLs.
Cron logs contain reports of scheduled system activities and must be protected from unauthorized access or manipulation.System AdministratorECLP-1, ECTP-1
SV-45628r1_rule
GEN003210
CCI-000225
MEDIUM
The cron.deny file must not have an extended ACL.
If there are excessive file permissions for the cron.deny file, sensitive information could be viewed or edited by unauthorized users.System AdministratorECLP-1
SV-45639r1_rule
GEN003245
CCI-000225
MEDIUM
The at.allow file must not have an extended ACL.
File system extended ACLs provide access to files beyond what is allowed by the mode numbers of the files. Unauthorized modification of the at.allow file could result in Denial of Service to authorized "at" users and the granting of the ability to run "at" jobs to unauthorized users.System AdministratorECLP-1
SV-45640r1_rule
GEN003250
CCI-000225
MEDIUM
The cron.allow file must be group-owned by root, bin, sys, or cron.
If the group of the cron.allow is not set to root, bin, sys, or cron, the possibility exists for an unauthorized user to view or edit the list of users permitted to use cron. Unauthorized modification of this file could cause Denial of Service to authorized cron users or provide unauthorized users with the ability to run cron jobs.System AdministratorECLP-1
SV-45641r1_rule
GEN003252
CCI-000225
MEDIUM
The at.deny file must have mode 0600 or less permissive.
The "at" daemon control files restrict access to scheduled job manipulation and must be protected. Unauthorized modification of the at.deny file could result in Denial of Service to authorized "at" users or provide unauthorized users with the ability to run "at" jobs.System AdministratorECLP-1
SV-45642r1_rule
GEN003255
CCI-000225
MEDIUM
The at.deny file must not have an extended ACL.
The "at" daemon control files restrict access to scheduled job manipulation and must be protected. Unauthorized modification of the at.deny file could result in Denial of Service to authorized "at" users or provide unauthorized users with the ability to run "at" jobs.System AdministratorECLP-1
SV-45645r2_rule
GEN003270
CCI-000225
MEDIUM
The cron.deny file must be group-owned by root, bin, sys.
Cron daemon control files restrict the scheduling of automated tasks and must be protected. Unauthorized modification of the cron.deny file could result in Denial of Service to authorized cron users or could provide unauthorized users with the ability to run cron jobs.System AdministratorECLP-1
SV-45671r1_rule
GEN003410
CCI-000225
MEDIUM
The at directory must not have an extended ACL.
If the "at" directory has an extended ACL, unauthorized users could be allowed to view or to edit files containing sensitive information within the "at" directory. Unauthorized modifications could result in Denial of Service to authorized "at" jobs.System AdministratorECLP-1
SV-45673r2_rule
GEN003430
CCI-000225
MEDIUM
The atjobs directory must be group-owned by root, bin, daemon, sys, or at.
If the group of the "atjobs" directory is not root, bin, daemon, sys, or at, unauthorized users could be allowed to view or edit files containing sensitive information within the directory.System AdministratorECLP-1
SV-45676r1_rule
GEN003470
CCI-000225
MEDIUM
The at.allow file must be group-owned by root, bin, sys, or cron.
If the group owner of the at.allow file is not set to root, bin, sys, or cron, unauthorized users could be allowed to view or edit the list of users permitted to run "at" jobs. Unauthorized modification could result in Denial of Service to authorized "at" users or provide unauthorized users with the ability to run "at" jobs.System AdministratorECLP-1
SV-45678r1_rule
GEN003490
CCI-000225
MEDIUM
The at.deny file must be group-owned by root, bin, sys, or cron.
If the group owner of the at.deny file is not set to root, bin, sys, or cron, unauthorized users could be allowed to view or edit sensitive information contained within the file. Unauthorized modification could result in Denial of Service to authorized "at" users or provide unauthorized users with the ability to run "at" jobs.System AdministratorECLP-1
SV-46151r1_rule
GEN003501
CCI-000225
LOW
The system must be configured to store any process core dumps in a specific, centralized directory.
Specifying a centralized location for core file creation allows for the centralized protection of core files. Process core dumps contain the memory in use by the process when it crashed. Any data the process was handling may be contained in the core file, and it must be protected accordingly. If process core dump creation is not configured to use a centralized directory, core dumps may be created in a directory that does not have appropriate ownership or permissions configured, which could result in unauthorized access to the core dumps.System AdministratorECLP-1
SV-46152r1_rule
GEN003502
CCI-000225
LOW
The centralized process core dump data directory must be owned by root.
Process core dumps contain the memory in use by the process when it crashed. Any data the process was handling may be contained in the core file, and it must be protected accordingly. If the centralized process core dump data directory is not owned by root, the core dumps contained in the directory may be subject to unauthorized access.System AdministratorECLP-1
SV-46153r1_rule
GEN003503
CCI-000225
LOW
The centralized process core dump data directory must be group-owned by root, bin, sys, or system.
Process core dumps contain the memory in use by the process when it crashed. Any data the process was handling may be contained in the core file, and it must be protected accordingly. If the centralized process core dump data directory is not group-owned by a system group, the core dumps contained in the directory may be subject to unauthorized access.System AdministratorECLP-1
SV-46154r1_rule
GEN003504
CCI-000225
LOW
The centralized process core dump data directory must have mode 0700 or less permissive.
Process core dumps contain the memory in use by the process when it crashed. Any data the process was handling may be contained in the core file, and it must be protected accordingly. If the process core dump data directory has a mode more permissive than 0700, unauthorized users may be able to view or to modify sensitive information contained any process core dumps in the directory.System AdministratorECLP-1
SV-46155r1_rule
GEN003505
CCI-000225
LOW
The centralized process core dump data directory must not have an extended ACL.
Process core dumps contain the memory in use by the process when it crashed. Any data the process was handling may be contained in the core file, and it must be protected accordingly. If the process core dump data directory has an extended ACL, unauthorized users may be able to view or to modify sensitive information contained in any process core dumps in the directory.System AdministratorECLP-1
SV-45680r1_rule
GEN003510
CCI-000366
MEDIUM
Kernel core dumps must be disabled unless needed.
Kernel core dumps may contain the full contents of system memory at the time of the crash. Kernel core dumps may consume a considerable amount of disk space and may result in denial of service by exhausting the available space on the target file system. The kernel core dump process may increase the amount of time a system is unavailable due to a crash. Kernel core dumps can be useful for kernel debugging.System AdministratorECSC-1
SV-45708r1_rule
GEN003521
CCI-000225
LOW
The kernel core dump data directory must be group-owned by root, bin, sys, or system.
Kernel core dumps may contain the full contents of system memory at the time of the crash. As the system memory may contain sensitive information, it must be protected accordingly. If the kernel core dump data directory is not group-owned by a system group, the core dumps contained in the directory may be subject to unauthorized access.System AdministratorECLP-1
SV-45711r1_rule
GEN003522
CCI-000225
LOW
The kernel core dump data directory must have mode 0700 or less permissive.
Kernel core dumps may contain the full contents of system memory at the time of the crash. As the system memory may contain sensitive information, it must be protected accordingly. If the mode of the kernel core dump data directory is more permissive than 0700, unauthorized users may be able to view or to modify kernel core dump data files.System AdministratorECLP-1
SV-45715r1_rule
GEN003523
CCI-000225
LOW
The kernel core dump data directory must not have an extended ACL.
Kernel core dumps may contain the full contents of system memory at the time of the crash. As the system memory may contain sensitive information, it must be protected accordingly. If there is an extended ACL for the kernel core dump data directory, unauthorized users may be able to view or to modify kernel core dump data files.System AdministratorECLP-1
SV-45718r1_rule
GEN003581
CCI-000225
MEDIUM
Network interfaces must not be configured to allow user control.
Configuration of network interfaces should be limited to privileged users. Manipulation of network interfaces may result in a Denial of Service or bypass of network security mechanisms.System AdministratorECLP-1
SV-45721r1_rule
GEN003602
CCI-001551
LOW
The system must not process Internet Control Message Protocol (ICMP) timestamp requests.
The processing of (ICMP) timestamp requests increases the attack surface of the system.System AdministratorECSC-1
SV-45722r1_rule
GEN003603
CCI-001551
MEDIUM
The system must not respond to Internet Control Message Protocol v4 (ICMPv4) echoes sent to a broadcast address.
Responding to broadcast (ICMP) echoes facilitates network mapping and provides a vector for amplification attacks.System AdministratorECSC-1
SV-45723r1_rule
GEN003604
CCI-001551
MEDIUM
The system must not respond to Internet Control Message Protocol (ICMP) timestamp requests sent to a broadcast address.
The processing of (ICMP) timestamp requests increases the attack surface of the system. Responding to broadcast ICMP timestamp requests facilitates network mapping and provides a vector for amplification attacks.GEN000000-FWThe system's firewall default-deny policy mitigates the risk from this vulnerability.System AdministratorECSC-1
SV-46156r1_rule
GEN003605
CCI-001551
MEDIUM
The system must not apply reversed source routing to TCP responses.
Source-routed packets allow the source of the packet to suggest routers forward the packet along a different path than configured on the router, which can be used to bypass network security measures.System AdministratorECSC-1
SV-46276r1_rule
GEN003606
CCI-001551
MEDIUM
The system must prevent local applications from generating source-routed packets.
Source-routed packets allow the source of the packet to suggest routers forward the packet along a different path than configured on the router, which can be used to bypass network security measures.System AdministratorECSC-1
SV-45724r1_rule
GEN003607
CCI-001551
MEDIUM
The system must not accept source-routed IPv4 packets.
Source-routed packets allow the source of the packet to suggest routers forward the packet along a different path than configured on the router, which can be used to bypass network security measures. This requirement applies only to the handling of source-routed traffic destined to the system itself, not to traffic forwarded by the system to another system, such as when IPv4 forwarding is enabled and the system is functioning as a router.System AdministratorECSC-1
SV-45725r1_rule
GEN003608
CCI-001551
MEDIUM
Proxy Address Resolution Protocol (Proxy ARP) must not be enabled on the system.
Proxy ARP allows a system to respond to ARP requests on one interface on behalf of hosts connected to another interface. If this function is enabled when not required, addressing information may be leaked between the attached network segments.System AdministratorECSC-1
SV-45726r1_rule
GEN003609
CCI-001503
MEDIUM
The system must ignore IPv4 Internet Control Message Protocol (ICMP) redirect messages.
ICMP redirect messages are used by routers to inform hosts that a more direct route exists for a particular destination. These messages modify the host's route table and are unauthenticated. An illicit ICMP redirect message could result in a man-in-the-middle attack.System AdministratorECSC-1
SV-45727r1_rule
GEN003610
CCI-001551
MEDIUM
The system must not send IPv4 Internet Control Message Protocol (ICMP) redirects.
ICMP redirect messages are used by routers to inform hosts that a more direct route exists for a particular destination. These messages contain information from the system's route table possibly revealing portions of the network topology.System AdministratorECSC-1
SV-45728r1_rule
GEN003611
CCI-000126
LOW
The system must log martian packets.
Martian packets are packets containing addresses known by the system to be invalid. Logging these messages allows the SA to identify misconfigurations or attacks in progress.System AdministratorECAT-1
SV-46277r1_rule
GEN003612
CCI-001092
MEDIUM
The system must be configured to use TCP syncookies when experiencing a TCP SYN flood.
A TCP SYN flood attack can cause Denial of Service by filling a system's TCP connection table with connections in the SYN_RCVD state. Syncookies are a mechanism used to only track a connection when a subsequent ACK is received, verifying the initiator is attempting a valid connection and is not a flood source. This technique does not operate in a fully standards-compliant manner, but is only activated when a flood condition is detected, and allows defense of the system while continuing to service valid requests.System AdministratorECSC-1
SV-45738r1_rule
GEN003619
CCI-001551
MEDIUM
The system must not be configured for network bridging.
Some systems have the ability to bridge or switch frames (link-layer forwarding) between multiple interfaces. This can be useful in a variety of situations but, if enabled when not needed, has the potential to bypass network partitioning and security.System AdministratorECSC-1
SV-45754r1_rule
GEN003650
CCI-000553
LOW
All local file systems must employ journaling or another mechanism ensuring file system consistency.
File system journaling, or logging, can allow reconstruction of file system data after a system crash preserving the integrity of data that may have otherwise been lost. Journaling file systems typically do not require consistency checks upon booting after a crash, which can improve system availability. Some file systems employ other mechanisms to ensure consistency also satisfying this requirement.System AdministratorECSC-1
SV-45758r1_rule
GEN003730
CCI-000225
MEDIUM
The inetd.conf file, xinetd.conf file, and the xinetd.d directory must be group-owned by root, bin, sys, or system.
Failure to give ownership of sensitive files or utilities to system groups may provide unauthorized users with the potential to access sensitive information or change the system configuration possibly weakening the system's security posture.System AdministratorECLP-1
SV-45760r1_rule
GEN003745
CCI-000225
MEDIUM
The inetd.conf and xinetd.conf files must not have extended ACLs.
The Internet service daemon configuration files must be protected as malicious modification could cause Denial of Service or increase the attack surface of the system.System AdministratorECLP-1
SV-45761r1_rule
GEN003750
CCI-000225
MEDIUM
The xinetd.d directory must have mode 0755 or less permissive.
The Internet service daemon configuration files must be protected as malicious modification could cause Denial of Service or increase the attack surface of the system.System AdministratorECLP-1
SV-45762r1_rule
GEN003755
CCI-000225
MEDIUM
The xinetd.d directory must not have an extended ACL.
The Internet service daemon configuration files must be protected as malicious modification could cause Denial of Service or increase the attack surface of the system.System AdministratorECLP-1
SV-45764r1_rule
GEN003770
CCI-000225
MEDIUM
The services file must be group-owned by root, bin, sys, or system.
Failure to give ownership of system configuration files to root or a system group provides the designated owner and unauthorized users with the potential to change the system configuration possibly weakening the system's security posture.System AdministratorECLP-1
SV-45782r1_rule
GEN003790
CCI-000225
MEDIUM
The services file must not have an extended ACL.
The services file is critical to the proper operation of network services and must be protected from unauthorized modification. If the services file has an extended ACL, it may be possible for unauthorized users to modify the file. Unauthorized modification could result in the failure of network services.System AdministratorECLP-1
SV-45785r1_rule
GEN003810
CCI-001436
MEDIUM
The portmap or rpcbind service must not be running unless needed.
The portmap and rpcbind services increase the attack surface of the system and should only be used when needed. The portmap or rpcbind services are used by a variety of services using Remote Procedure Calls (RPCs).System AdministratorECSC-1
SV-45786r1_rule
GEN003815
CCI-000305
MEDIUM
The portmap or rpcbind service must not be installed unless needed.
The portmap and rpcbind services increase the attack surface of the system and should only be used when needed. The portmap or rpcbind services are used by a variety of services using Remote Procedure Calls (RPCs).System AdministratorECSC-1
SV-45789r1_rule
GEN003825
CCI-000305
MEDIUM
The rshd service must not be installed.
The rshd process provides a typically unencrypted, host-authenticated remote access service. SSH should be used in place of this service.System AdministratorDCPP-1
SV-45805r1_rule
GEN003830
CCI-000068
MEDIUM
The rlogind service must not be running.
The rlogind process provides a typically unencrypted, host-authenticated remote access service. SSH should be used in place of this service.System AdministratorDCPP-1
SV-45806r1_rule
GEN003835
CCI-000305
MEDIUM
The rlogind service must not be installed.
The rlogind process provides a typically unencrypted, host-authenticated remote access service. SSH should be used in place of this service.System AdministratorDCPP-1
SV-45808r1_rule
GEN003845
CCI-000305
MEDIUM
The rexecd service must not be installed.
The rexecd process provides a typically unencrypted, host-authenticated remote access service. SSH should be used in place of this service.System AdministratorECSC-1
SV-45814r1_rule
GEN003930
CCI-000225
MEDIUM
The hosts.lpd (or equivalent) file must be group-owned by root, bin, sys, or system.
Failure to give group-ownership of the hosts.lpd file to root, bin, sys, or system provides the members of the owning group and possible unauthorized users, with the potential to modify the hosts.lpd file. Unauthorized modifications could disrupt access to local printers from authorized remote hosts or permit unauthorized remote access to local printers.System AdministratorECLP-1
SV-45817r1_rule
GEN003950
CCI-000225
MEDIUM
The hosts.lpd (or equivalent) file must not have an extended ACL.
Excessive permissions on the hosts.lpd (or equivalent) file may permit unauthorized modification. Unauthorized modifications could disrupt access to local printers from authorized remote hosts or permit unauthorized remote access to local printers.System AdministratorECLP-1
SV-45824r1_rule
GEN004010
CCI-000225
MEDIUM
The traceroute file must not have an extended ACL.
If an extended ACL exists on the traceroute executable file, it may provide unauthorized users with access to the file. Malicious code could be inserted by an attacker and triggered whenever the traceroute command is executed by authorized users. Additionally, if an unauthorized user is granted executable permissions to the traceroute command, it could be used to gain information about the network topology behind the firewall. This information may allow an attacker to determine trusted routers and other network information potentially leading to system and network compromise.System AdministratorECLP-1
SV-45848r2_rule
GEN004370
CCI-000225
MEDIUM
The aliases file must be group-owned by root, sys, bin, or system.
If the alias file is not group-owned by root or a system group, an unauthorized user may modify the file adding aliases to run malicious code or redirect e-mail.System AdministratorECLP-1
SV-45850r1_rule
GEN004390
CCI-000225
MEDIUM
The alias file must not have an extended ACL.
Excessive permissions on the aliases file may permit unauthorized modification. If the alias file is modified by an unauthorized user, they may modify the file to run malicious code or redirect e-mail.System AdministratorECLP-1
SV-45852r1_rule
GEN004410
CCI-000225
MEDIUM
Files executed through a mail aliases file must be group-owned by root, bin, sys, or system, and must reside within a directory group-owned by root, bin, sys, or system.
If a file executed through a mail aliases file is not group-owned by root or a system group, it may be subject to unauthorized modification. Unauthorized modification of files executed through aliases may allow unauthorized users to attain root privileges.System AdministratorECLP-1
SV-45854r1_rule
GEN004430
CCI-000225
MEDIUM
Files executed through a mail aliases file must not have extended ACLs.
Excessive permissions on files executed through a mail aliases file could result in modification by an unauthorized user, execution of malicious code, and/or system compromise.System AdministratorECLP-1
SV-45862r1_rule
GEN004510
CCI-000225
MEDIUM
The SMTP service log file must not have an extended ACL.
If the SMTP service log file has an extended ACL, unauthorized users may be allowed to access or to modify the log file.System AdministratorECLP-1
SV-45882r1_rule
GEN004930
CCI-000225
MEDIUM
The ftpusers file must be group-owned by root, bin, sys, or system.
If the ftpusers file is not group-owned by root or a system group, an unauthorized user may modify the file to allow unauthorized accounts to use FTP.System AdministratorECLP-1
SV-45884r1_rule
GEN004950
CCI-000225
MEDIUM
The ftpusers file must not have an extended ACL.
Excessive permissions on the ftpusers file could permit unauthorized modification. Unauthorized modification could result in Denial of Service to authorized FTP users or permit unauthorized users to access the FTP service.System AdministratorECLP-1
SV-45919r1_rule
GEN005190
CCI-000225
MEDIUM
The .Xauthority files must not have extended ACLs.
.Xauthority files ensure the user is authorized to access specific X Windows host. Extended ACLs may permit unauthorized modification of these files, which could lead to Denial of Service to authorized access or allow unauthorized access to be obtained.System AdministratorECLP-1
SV-45944r1_rule
GEN005305
CCI-001435
MEDIUM
The SNMP service must use only SNMPv3 or its successors.
SNMP Versions 1 and 2 are not considered secure. Without the strong authentication and privacy provided by the SNMP Version 3 User-based Security Model (USM), an attacker or other unauthorized users may gain access to detailed system management information and use the information to launch attacks against the system.System AdministratorDCPP-1
SV-45948r1_rule
GEN005306
CCI-001453
MEDIUM
The SNMP service must require the use of a FIPS 140-2 approved cryptographic hash algorithm as part of its authentication and integrity methods.
The SNMP service must use SHA-1 or a FIPS 140-2 approved successor for authentication and integrity.System AdministratorDCNR-1
SV-45952r1_rule
GEN005307
CCI-000068
MEDIUM
The SNMP service must require the use of a FIPS 140-2 approved encryption algorithm for protecting the privacy of SNMP messages.
The SNMP service must use AES or a FIPS 140-2 approved successor algorithm for protecting the privacy of communications.System AdministratorDCNR-1
SV-45964r1_rule
GEN005350
CCI-000225
MEDIUM
Management Information Base (MIB) files must not have extended ACLs.
The ability to read the MIB file could impart special knowledge to an intruder or malicious user about the ability to extract compromising information about the system or network.System AdministratorECLP-1
SV-45966r1_rule
GEN005365
CCI-000225
MEDIUM
The snmpd.conf file must be group-owned by root, bin, sys, or system.
The snmpd.conf file contains authenticators and must be protected from unauthorized access and modification. If the file is not group-owned by a system group, it may be subject to access and modification from unauthorized users.System AdministratorECLP-1
SV-45969r1_rule
GEN005375
CCI-000225
MEDIUM
The snmpd.conf file must not have an extended ACL.
The snmpd.conf file contains authenticators and must be protected from unauthorized access and modification.System AdministratorECLP-1
SV-45972r1_rule
GEN005390
CCI-000225
MEDIUM
The /etc/syslog.conf file must have mode 0640 or less permissive.
Unauthorized users must not be allowed to access or modify the /etc/syslog.conf file.System AdministratorECLP-1
SV-45974r1_rule
GEN005395
CCI-000225
MEDIUM
The /etc/syslog.conf file must not have an extended ACL.
Unauthorized users must not be allowed to access or modify the /etc/syslog.conf file.System AdministratorECLP-1
SV-45985r1_rule
GEN005450
CCI-000136
MEDIUM
The system must use a remote syslog server (loghost).
A syslog server (loghost) receives syslog messages from one or more systems. This data can be used as an authoritative log source in the event a system is compromised and its local logs are suspect.System AdministratorECAT-1
SV-45999r1_rule
GEN005501
CCI-001436
MEDIUM
The SSH client must be configured to only use the SSHv2 protocol.
SSHv1 is not a DoD-approved protocol and has many well-known vulnerability exploits. Exploits of the SSH client could provide access to the system with the privileges of the user running the client.System AdministratorDCPP-1
SV-46002r2_rule
GEN005504
CCI-000069
MEDIUM
The SSH daemon must only listen on management network addresses unless authorized for uses other than management.
The SSH daemon should only listen on network addresses designated for management traffic. If the system has multiple network interfaces and SSH listens on addresses not designated for management traffic, the SSH service could be subject to unauthorized access. If SSH is used for purposes other than management, such as providing an SFTP service, the list of approved listening addresses may be documented.trueSystem AdministratorECSC-1
SV-46004r2_rule
GEN005505
CCI-000068
MEDIUM
The SSH daemon must be configured to only use FIPS 140-2 approved ciphers.
DoD information systems are required to use FIPS 140-2 approved ciphers. SSHv2 ciphers meeting this requirement are 3DES and AES.System AdministratorDCNR-1
SV-46010r2_rule
GEN005506
CCI-000366
MEDIUM
The SSH daemon must be configured to not use Cipher-Block Chaining (CBC) ciphers.
The Cipher-Block Chaining (CBC) mode of encryption as implemented in the SSHv2 protocol is vulnerable to chosen plain text attacks and must not be used.
System AdministratorECSC-1
SV-46012r3_rule
GEN005507
CCI-001453
MEDIUM
The SSH daemon must be configured to only use Message Authentication Codes (MACs) employing FIPS 140-2 approved cryptographic hash algorithms.
DoD information systems are required to use FIPS 140-2 approved cryptographic hash functions.System AdministratorDCNR-1
SV-46015r1_rule
GEN005510
CCI-000068
MEDIUM
The SSH client must be configured to only use FIPS 140-2 approved ciphers.
DoD information systems are required to use FIPS 140-2 approved ciphers. SSHv2 ciphers meeting this requirement are 3DES and AES.System AdministratorDCNR-1
SV-46017r1_rule
GEN005511
CCI-000366
MEDIUM
The SSH client must be configured to not use Cipher-Block Chaining (CBC)-based ciphers.
The (CBC) mode of encryption as implemented in the SSHv2 protocol is vulnerable to chosen-plaintext attacks and must not be used.
System AdministratorECSC-1
SV-46020r2_rule
GEN005512
CCI-001453
MEDIUM
The SSH client must be configured to only use Message Authentication Codes (MACs) employing FIPS 140-2 approved cryptographic hash algorithms.
DoD information systems are required to use FIPS 140-2 approved cryptographic hash functions.System AdministratorDCNR-1
SV-46033r2_rule
GEN005521
CCI-000225
MEDIUM
The SSH daemon must restrict login ability to specific users and/or groups.
Restricting SSH logins to a limited group of users, such as system administrators, prevents password-guessing and other SSH attacks from reaching system accounts and other accounts not authorized for SSH access.System AdministratorECLP-1
SV-46050r1_rule
GEN005522
CCI-000225
MEDIUM
The SSH public host key files must have mode 0644 or less permissive.
If a public host key file is modified by an unauthorized user, the SSH service may be compromised.System AdministratorECLP-1
SV-46051r1_rule
GEN005523
CCI-000225
MEDIUM
The SSH private host key files must have mode 0600 or less permissive.
If an unauthorized user obtains the private SSH host key file, the host could be impersonated.System AdministratorECLP-1
SV-46052r2_rule
GEN005524
CCI-000366
LOW
The SSH daemon must not permit GSSAPI authentication unless needed.
GSSAPI authentication is used to provide additional authentication mechanisms to applications. Allowing GSSAPI authentication through SSH exposes the system’s GSSAPI to remote hosts, increasing the attack surface of the system. GSSAPI authentication must be disabled unless needed.System AdministratorECSC-1
SV-46053r1_rule
GEN005525
CCI-000366
LOW
The SSH client must not permit GSSAPI authentication unless needed.
GSSAPI authentication is used to provide additional authentication mechanisms to applications. Allowing GSSAPI authentication through SSH exposes the system’s GSSAPI to remote hosts, increasing the attack surface of the system. GSSAPI authentication must be disabled unless needed.System AdministratorECSC-1
SV-46087r2_rule
GEN005526
CCI-000366
LOW
The SSH daemon must not permit Kerberos authentication unless needed.
Kerberos authentication for SSH is often implemented using GSSAPI. If Kerberos is enabled through SSH, the SSH daemon provides a means of access to the system's Kerberos implementation. Vulnerabilities in the system's Kerberos implementation may then be subject to exploitation. To reduce the attack surface of the system, the Kerberos authentication mechanism within SSH must be disabled for systems not using this capability.
System AdministratorECSC-1
SV-46097r1_rule
GEN005533
CCI-000054
LOW
The SSH daemon must limit connections to a single session.
The SSH protocol has the ability to provide multiple sessions over a single connection without reauthentication. A compromised client could use this feature to establish additional sessions to a system without consent or knowledge of the user.
Alternate per-connection session limits may be documented if needed for a valid mission requirement. Greater limits are expected to be necessary in situations where TCP or X11 forwarding are used.trueSystem AdministratorECSC-1
SV-46098r2_rule
GEN005536
CCI-000225
MEDIUM
The SSH daemon must perform strict mode checking of home directory configuration files.
If other users have access to modify user-specific SSH configuration files, they may be able to log into the system as another user.System AdministratorECLP-1
SV-46100r2_rule
GEN005537
CCI-000225
MEDIUM
The SSH daemon must use privilege separation.
SSH daemon privilege separation causes the SSH process to drop root privileges when not needed, which would decrease the impact of software vulnerabilities in the unprivileged section.System AdministratorECLP-1
SV-46105r2_rule
GEN005538
CCI-000366
MEDIUM
The SSH daemon must not allow rhosts RSA authentication.
If SSH permits rhosts RSA authentication, a user may be able to log in based on the keys of the host originating the request and not any user-specific authentication.System AdministratorECSC-1
SV-46107r2_rule
GEN005539
CCI-000366
MEDIUM
The SSH daemon must not allow compression or must only allow compression after successful authentication.
If compression is allowed in an SSH connection prior to authentication, vulnerabilities in the compression software could result in compromise of the system from an unauthenticated connection, potentially with root privileges.System AdministratorECSC-1
SV-46109r2_rule
GEN005550
CCI-000048
MEDIUM
The SSH daemon must be configured with the Department of Defense (DoD) logon banner.
Failure to display the DoD logon banner prior to a logon attempt will negate legal proceedings resulting from unauthorized access to system resources.
The SSH service must be configured to display the DoD logon warning banner either through the SSH configuration or a wrapper program such as TCP_WRAPPERS.
The SSH daemon may also be used to provide SFTP service. The warning banner configuration for SSH will apply to SFTP.System AdministratorECWM-1
SV-46111r1_rule
GEN005570
CCI-000366
MEDIUM
The system must be configured with a default gateway for IPv6 if the system uses IPv6, unless the system is a router.
If a system has no default gateway defined, the system is at increased risk of man-in-the-middle, monitoring, and Denial of Service attacks.System AdministratorECSC-1
SV-46115r2_rule
GEN005610
CCI-000366
MEDIUM
The system must not have IP forwarding for IPv6 enabled, unless the system is an IPv6 router.
If the system is configured for IP forwarding and is not a designated router, it could be used to bypass network security by providing a path for communication not filtered by network devices.System AdministratorECSC-1
SV-46118r1_rule
GEN005750
CCI-000225
MEDIUM
The Network File System (NFS) export configuration file must be group-owned by root, bin, sys, or system.
Failure to give group-ownership of the NFS export configuration file to root or a system group provides the designated group-owner and possible unauthorized users with the potential to change system configuration which could weaken the system's security posture.System AdministratorECLP-1
SV-46120r1_rule
GEN005770
CCI-000225
LOW
The Network File System (NFS) exports configuration file must not have an extended ACL.
File system extended ACLs provide access to files beyond what is allowed by the mode numbers of the files. Excessive permissions on the NFS export configuration file could allow unauthorized modification of the file, which could result in Denial of Service to authorized NFS exports and the creation of additional unauthorized exports.System AdministratorECLP-1
SV-46122r1_rule
GEN005810
CCI-000225
MEDIUM
All Network File System (NFS) exported system files and system directories must be group-owned by root, bin, sys, or system.
Failure to give group-ownership of sensitive files or directories to root provides the members of the owning group with the potential to access sensitive information or change system configuration which could weaken the system's security posture.System AdministratorECLP-1
SV-46134r1_rule
GEN006150
CCI-000225
MEDIUM
The /etc/smb.conf file must not have an extended ACL.
Excessive permissions could endanger the security of the Samba configuration file and, ultimately, the system and network.System AdministratorECLP-1
SV-46138r1_rule
GEN006210
CCI-000225
MEDIUM
The /etc/smbpasswd file must not have an extended ACL.
If the permissions of the "smbpasswd" file are too permissive, it may be maliciously accessed or modified, potentially resulting in the compromise of Samba accounts.System AdministratorECLP-1
SV-46140r1_rule
GEN006225
CCI-000366
MEDIUM
Samba must be configured to use an authentication mechanism other than share.
Samba share authentication does not provide for individual user identification and must not be used.System AdministratorECSC-1
SV-46281r1_rule
GEN006230
CCI-000366
MEDIUM
Samba must be configured to use encrypted passwords.
Samba must be configured to protect authenticators. If Samba passwords are not encrypted for storage, plain-text user passwords may be read by those with access to the Samba password file.System AdministratorIAIA-1, IAIA-2
SV-46141r1_rule
GEN006235
CCI-000366
MEDIUM
Samba must be configured to not allow guest access to shares.
Guest access to shares permits anonymous access and is not permitted.System AdministratorECSC-1
SV-46144r2_rule
GEN006270
CCI-000225
MEDIUM
The /etc/news/incoming.conf file must not have an extended ACL.
File system extended ACLs provide access to files beyond what is allowed by the mode numbers of the files. Excessive permissions on the "incoming.conf" file may allow unauthorized modification which could lead to Denial of Service to authorized users or provide access to unauthorized users.System AdministratorECLP-1
SV-45894r1_rule
GEN006290
CCI-000225
MEDIUM
The /etc/news/hosts.nntp.nolimit file must not have an extended ACL.
File system extended ACLs provide access to files beyond what is allowed by the mode numbers of the files. Excessive permissions on the hosts.nntp.nolimit file may allow unauthorized modification which could lead to Denial of Service to authorized users or provide access to unauthorized users.System AdministratorECLP-1
SV-45897r1_rule
GEN006310
CCI-000225
MEDIUM
The /etc/news/nnrp.access file must not have an extended ACL.
File system extended ACLs provide access to files beyond what is allowed by the mode numbers of the files. Excessive permissions on the nnrp.access file may allow unauthorized modification which could lead to Denial of Service to authorized users or provide access to unauthorized users.System AdministratorECLP-1
SV-45899r1_rule
GEN006330
CCI-000225
MEDIUM
The /etc/news/passwd.nntp file must not have an extended ACL.
Extended ACLs may provide excessive permissions on the /etc/news/passwd.nntp file, which may permit unauthorized access or modification to the NNTP configuration.System AdministratorECLP-1
SV-45914r1_rule
GEN006565
CCI-000366
MEDIUM
The system package management tool must be used to verify system software periodically.
Verification using the system package management tool can be used to determine that system software has not been tampered with.
This requirement is not applicable to systems not using package management tools.System AdministratorECAT-1
SV-45915r1_rule
GEN006570
CCI-001297
LOW
The file integrity tool must be configured to verify ACLs.
ACLs can provide permissions beyond those permitted through the file mode and must be verified by file integrity tools.System AdministratorECAT-1
SV-45918r1_rule
GEN006571
CCI-001297
LOW
The file integrity tool must be configured to verify extended attributes.
Extended attributes in file systems are used to contain arbitrary data and file metadata with security implications.System AdministratorECAT-1
SV-45928r1_rule
GEN006575
CCI-001297
LOW
The file integrity tool must use FIPS 140-2 approved cryptographic hashes for validating file contents.
File integrity tools often use cryptographic hashes for verifying that file contents have not been altered. These hashes must be FIPS 140-2 approved.System AdministratorECSC-1
SV-45968r1_rule
GEN007020
CCI-000382
MEDIUM
The Stream Control Transmission Protocol (SCTP) must be disabled unless required.
The Stream Control Transmission Protocol (SCTP) is an Internet Engineering Task Force (IETF)-standardized transport layer protocol. This protocol is not yet widely used. Binding this protocol to the network stack increases the attack surface of the host. Unprivileged local processes may be able to cause the system to dynamically load a protocol handler by opening a socket using the protocol.System AdministratorECSC-1
SV-45970r1_rule
GEN007080
CCI-000382
MEDIUM
The Datagram Congestion Control Protocol (DCCP) must be disabled unless required.
The DCCP is a proposed transport layer protocol. This protocol is not yet widely used. Binding this protocol to the network stack increases the attack surface of the host. Unprivileged local processes may be able to cause the system to dynamically load a protocol handler by opening a socket using the protocol.System AdministratorECSC-1
SV-46099r1_rule
GEN007140
CCI-000382
MEDIUM
The Lightweight User Datagram Protocol (UDP-Lite) must be disabled unless required.
The UDP-Lite is a proposed transport layer protocol. This protocol is not yet widely used. Binding this protocol to the network stack increases the attack surface of the host. Unprivileged local processes may be able to cause the system to dynamically load a protocol handler by opening a socket using the protocol.System AdministratorECSC-1
SV-46101r1_rule
GEN007200
CCI-000382
MEDIUM
The Internetwork Packet Exchange (IPX) protocol must be disabled or not installed.
The IPX protocol is a network-layer protocol no longer in common use. Binding this protocol to the network stack increases the attack surface of the host. Unprivileged local processes may be able to cause the system to dynamically load a protocol handler by opening a socket using the protocol.System AdministratorECSC-1
SV-45973r1_rule
GEN007260
CCI-000382
MEDIUM
The AppleTalk protocol must be disabled or not installed.
The AppleTalk suite of protocols is no longer in common use. Binding this protocol to the network stack increases the attack surface of the host. Unprivileged local processes may be able to cause the system to dynamically load a protocol handler by opening a socket using the protocol.System AdministratorECSC-1
SV-45975r1_rule
GEN007480
CCI-000382
MEDIUM
The Reliable Datagram Sockets (RDS) protocol must be disabled or not installed unless required.
The RDS protocol is a relatively new protocol developed by Oracle for communication between the nodes of a cluster. Binding this protocol to the network stack increases the attack surface of the host. Unprivileged local processes may be able to cause the system to dynamically load a protocol handler by opening a socket using the protocol.System AdministratorECSC-1
SV-45977r1_rule
GEN007540
CCI-000382
MEDIUM
The Transparent Inter-Process Communication (TIPC) protocol must be disabled or uninstalled.
The TIPC protocol is a relatively new cluster communications protocol developed by Ericsson. Binding this protocol to the network stack increases the attack surface of the host. Unprivileged local processes may be able to cause the system to dynamically load a protocol handler by opening a socket using the protocol.System AdministratorECSC-1
SV-45979r1_rule
GEN007660
CCI-001551
MEDIUM
The Bluetooth protocol handler must be disabled or not installed.
Bluetooth is a Personal Area Network (PAN) technology. Binding this protocol to the network stack increases the attack surface of the host. Unprivileged local processes may be able to cause the kernel to dynamically load a protocol handler by opening a socket using the protocol.System AdministratorECSC-1
SV-45980r1_rule
GEN007700
CCI-001551
MEDIUM
The IPv6 protocol handler must not be bound to the network stack unless needed.
IPv6 is the next version of the Internet protocol. Binding this protocol to the network stack increases the attack surface of the host.System AdministratorECSC-1
SV-45981r1_rule
GEN007720
CCI-001551
MEDIUM
The IPv6 protocol handler must be prevented from dynamic loading unless needed.
IPv6 is the next generation of the Internet protocol. Binding this protocol to the network stack increases the attack surface of the host. Unprivileged local processes may be able to cause the system to dynamically load a protocol handler by opening a socket using the protocol.System AdministratorECSC-1
SV-45982r1_rule
GEN007780
CCI-001551
MEDIUM
The system must not have 6to4 enabled.
6to4 is an IPv6 transition mechanism involving tunneling IPv6 packets encapsulated in IPv4 packets on an ad-hoc basis. This is not a preferred transition strategy and increases the attack surface of the system.System AdministratorECSC-1
SV-45983r1_rule
GEN007800
CCI-001551
MEDIUM
The system must not have Teredo enabled.
Teredo is an IPv6 transition mechanism involving tunneling IPv6 packets encapsulated in IPv4 packets. Unauthorized tunneling may circumvent network security.System AdministratorECSC-1
SV-45986r1_rule
GEN007820
CCI-001551
MEDIUM
The system must not have IP tunnels configured.
IP tunneling mechanisms can be used to bypass network filtering.System AdministratorECSC-1
SV-45987r1_rule
GEN007840
CCI-000366
MEDIUM
The DHCP client must be disabled if not needed.
DHCP allows for the unauthenticated configuration of network parameters on the system by exchanging information with a DHCP server.System AdministratorECSC-1
SV-45988r2_rule
GEN007850
CCI-000366
MEDIUM
The DHCP client must not send dynamic DNS updates.
Dynamic DNS updates transmit unencrypted information about a system including its name and address and should not be used unless needed.System AdministratorECSC-1
SV-45990r2_rule
GEN007860
CCI-001551
MEDIUM
The system must ignore IPv6 ICMP redirect messages.
ICMP redirect messages are used by routers to inform hosts that a more direct route exists for a particular destination. These messages modify the host's route table and are unauthenticated. An illicit ICMP redirect message could result in a man-in-the-middle attack.System AdministratorECSC-1
SV-46104r1_rule
GEN007900
CCI-001551
MEDIUM
The system must use an appropriate reverse-path filter for IPv6 network traffic, if the system uses IPv6.
Reverse-path filtering provides protection against spoofed source addresses by causing the system to discard packets with source addresses for which the system has no route or if the route does not point towards the interface on which the packet arrived. Depending on the role of the system, reverse-path filtering may cause legitimate traffic to be discarded and, therefore, should be used with a more permissive mode or filter, or not at all. Whenever possible, reverse-path filtering should be used.System AdministratorECSC-1
SV-45992r1_rule
GEN007920
CCI-001551
MEDIUM
The system must not forward IPv6 source-routed packets.
Source-routed packets allow the source of the packet to suggest that routers forward the packet along a different path than configured on the router, which can be used to bypass network security measures. This requirement applies only to the forwarding of source-routed traffic, such as when IPv6 forwarding is enabled and the system is functioning as a router. System AdministratorECSC-1
SV-46106r1_rule
GEN007940
CCI-001551
MEDIUM
The system must not accept source-routed IPv6 packets.
Source-routed packets allow the source of the packet to suggest that routers forward the packet along a different path than configured on the router, which can be used to bypass network security measures. This requirement applies only to the handling of source-routed traffic destined to the system itself, not to traffic forwarded by the system to another, such as when IPv6 forwarding is enabled and the system is functioning as a router.System AdministratorECSC-1
SV-45996r1_rule
GEN007980
CCI-001453
MEDIUM
If the system is using LDAP for authentication or account information, the system must use a TLS connection using FIPS 140-2 approved cryptographic algorithms.
LDAP can be used to provide user authentication and account information, which are vital to system security. Communication between an LDAP server and a host using LDAP requires protection.System AdministratorDCNR-1
SV-45998r1_rule
GEN008000
CCI-000185
MEDIUM
If the system is using LDAP for authentication or account information, certificates used to authenticate to the LDAP server must be provided from DoD PKI or a DoD-approved external PKI.
LDAP can be used to provide user authentication and account information, which are vital to system security. Communication between an LDAP server and a host using LDAP requires authentication.System AdministratorDCNR-1
SV-46000r1_rule
GEN008020
CCI-000185
MEDIUM
If the system is using LDAP for authentication or account information, the LDAP TLS connection must require the server provide a certificate with a valid trust path to a trusted CA.
The NSS LDAP service provides user mappings which are a vital component of system security. Communication between an LDAP server and a host using LDAP for NSS require authentication.System AdministratorDCNR-1
SV-46285r1_rule
GEN008040
CCI-000185
MEDIUM
If the system is using LDAP for authentication or account information, the system must verify the LDAP servers certificate has not been revoked.
LDAP can be used to provide user authentication and account information, which are vital to system security. Communication between an LDAP server and a host using LDAP requires authentication.System AdministratorDCNR-1
SV-46005r1_rule
GEN008060
CCI-000225
MEDIUM
If the system is using LDAP for authentication or account information the /etc/ldap.conf (or equivalent) file must have mode 0644 or less permissive.
LDAP can be used to provide user authentication and account information, which are vital to system security. The LDAP client configuration must be protected from unauthorized modification.System AdministratorECLP-1
SV-46006r1_rule
GEN008080
CCI-000225
MEDIUM
If the system is using LDAP for authentication or account information, the /etc/ldap.conf (or equivalent) file must be owned by root.
LDAP can be used to provide user authentication and account information, which are vital to system security. The LDAP client configuration must be protected from unauthorized modification.System AdministratorECLP-1
SV-46007r1_rule
GEN008100
CCI-000225
MEDIUM
If the system is using LDAP for authentication or account information, the /etc/ldap.conf (or equivalent) file must be group-owned by root, bin, sys, or system.
LDAP can be used to provide user authentication and account information, which are vital to system security. The LDAP client configuration must be protected from unauthorized modification.System AdministratorECLP-1
SV-46018r1_rule
GEN008120
CCI-000225
MEDIUM
If the system is using LDAP for authentication or account information, the /etc/ldap.conf (or equivalent) file must not have an extended ACL.
LDAP can be used to provide user authentication and account information, which are vital to system security. The LDAP client configuration must be protected from unauthorized modification.System AdministratorECLP-1
SV-46092r1_rule
GEN008140
CCI-000225
MEDIUM
If the system is using LDAP for authentication or account information, the TLS certificate authority file and/or directory (as appropriate) must be owned by root.
LDAP can be used to provide user authentication and account information, which are vital to system security. The LDAP client configuration must be protected from unauthorized modification.System AdministratorECLP-1
SV-46030r1_rule
GEN008160
CCI-000225
MEDIUM
If the system is using LDAP for authentication or account information, the TLS certificate authority file and/or directory (as appropriate) must be group-owned by root, bin, sys, or system.
LDAP can be used to provide user authentication and account information, which are vital to system security. The LDAP client configuration must be protected from unauthorized modificationSystem AdministratorECLP-1
SV-46093r1_rule
GEN008180
CCI-000225
MEDIUM
If the system is using LDAP for authentication or account information, the TLS certificate authority file and/or directory (as appropriate) must have mode 0644 (0755 for directories) or less permissive.
LDAP can be used to provide user authentication and account information, which are vital to system security. The LDAP client configuration must be protected from unauthorized modification.System AdministratorECLP-1
SV-46095r1_rule
GEN008200
CCI-000225
MEDIUM
If the system is using LDAP for authentication or account information, the LDAP TLS certificate authority file and/or directory (as appropriate) must not have an extended ACL.
LDAP can be used to provide user authentication and account information, which are vital to system security. The LDAP client configuration must be protected from unauthorized modification.System AdministratorECLP-1
SV-46034r1_rule
GEN008220
CCI-000225
MEDIUM
For systems using NSS LDAP, the TLS certificate file must be owned by root.
The NSS LDAP service provides user mappings which are a vital component of system security. Its configuration must be protected from unauthorized modification.System AdministratorECLP-1
SV-46035r1_rule
GEN008240
CCI-000225
MEDIUM
If the system is using LDAP for authentication or account information, the LDAP TLS certificate file must be group-owned by root, bin, sys, or system.
LDAP can be used to provide user authentication and account information, which are vital to system security. The LDAP client configuration must be protected from unauthorized modification.System AdministratorECLP-1
SV-46036r1_rule
GEN008260
CCI-000225
MEDIUM
If the system is using LDAP for authentication or account information, the LDAP TLS certificate file must have mode 0644 or less permissive.
LDAP can be used to provide user authentication and account information, which are vital to system security. The LDAP client configuration must be protected from unauthorized modification.System AdministratorECLP-1
SV-46037r1_rule
GEN008280
CCI-000225
MEDIUM
If the system is using LDAP for authentication or account information, the LDAP TLS certificate file must not have an extended ACL.
LDAP can be used to provide user authentication and account information, which are vital to system security. The LDAP client configuration must be protected from unauthorized modification.System AdministratorECLP-1
SV-46038r1_rule
GEN008300
CCI-000225
MEDIUM
If the system is using LDAP for authentication or account information, the LDAP TLS key file must be owned by root.
LDAP can be used to provide user authentication and account information, which are vital to system security. The LDAP client configuration must be protected from unauthorized modification.System AdministratorECLP-1
SV-46039r1_rule
GEN008320
CCI-000225
MEDIUM
If the system is using LDAP for authentication or account information, the LDAP TLS key file must be group-owned by root, bin, or sys.
LDAP can be used to provide user authentication and account information, which are vital to system security. The LDAP client configuration must be protected from unauthorized modification.System AdministratorECLP-1
SV-46041r1_rule
GEN008340
CCI-000225
MEDIUM
If the system is using LDAP for authentication or account information, the LDAP TLS key file must have mode 0600 or less permissive.
LDAP can be used to provide user authentication and account information, which are vital to system security. The LDAP client configuration must be protected from unauthorized modification.
Note: Depending on the particular implementation, group and other read permission may be necessary for unprivileged users to successfully resolve account information using LDAP. This will still be a finding, as these permissions provide users with access to system authenticators.System AdministratorECLP-1
SV-46042r1_rule
GEN008360
CCI-000225
MEDIUM
If the system is using LDAP for authentication or account information, the LDAP TLS key file must not have an extended ACL.
LDAP can be used to provide user authentication and account information, which are vital to system security. The LDAP client configuration must be protected from unauthorized modification.System AdministratorECLP-1
SV-46043r1_rule
GEN008380
CCI-001199
MEDIUM
A root kit check tool must be run on the system at least weekly.
Root kits are software packages designed to conceal the compromise of a system from the SA. Root kit checking tools examine a system for evidence that a root kit is installed. Dedicated root kit detection software or root kit detection capabilities included in anti-virus packages may be used to satisfy this requirement.System AdministratorDCSL-1
SV-46045r1_rule
GEN008440
CCI-000366
LOW
Automated file system mounting tools must not be enabled unless needed.
Automated file system mounting tools may provide unprivileged users with the ability to access local media and network shares. If this access is not necessary for the system’s operation, it must be disabled to reduce the risk of unauthorized access to these resources.System AdministratorECSC-1
SV-46049r1_rule
GEN008520
CCI-001118
MEDIUM
The system must employ a local firewall.
A local firewall protects the system from exposing unnecessary or undocumented network services to the local enclave. If a system within the enclave is compromised, firewall protection on an individual system continues to protect it from attack.System AdministratorECSC-1
SV-46060r1_rule
GEN008540
CCI-001109
MEDIUM
The systems local firewall must implement a deny-all, allow-by-exception policy.
A local firewall protects the system from exposing unnecessary or undocumented network services to the local enclave. If a system within the enclave is compromised, firewall protection on an individual system continues to protect it from attack.System AdministratorECSC-1
SV-46076r1_rule
GEN008740
CCI-000225
MEDIUM
The systems boot loader configuration file(s) must not have extended ACLs.
File system extended ACLs provide access to files beyond what is allowed by the mode numbers of the files. If extended ACLs are present on the system's boot loader configuration file(s), these files may be vulnerable to unauthorized access or modification, which could compromise the system's boot process.System AdministratorECLP-1
SV-46077r1_rule
GEN008760
CCI-000225
MEDIUM
The systems boot loader configuration files must be owned by root.
The system's boot loader configuration files are critical to the integrity of the system and must be protected. Unauthorized modification of these files resulting from improper ownership could compromise the system's boot loader configuration.System AdministratorECLP-1
SV-46078r1_rule
GEN008780
CCI-000225
MEDIUM
The systems boot loader configuration file(s) must be group-owned by root, bin, sys, or system.
The system's boot loader configuration files are critical to the integrity of the system and must be protected. Unauthorized modifications resulting from improper group ownership may compromise the boot loader configuration.System AdministratorECLP-1
SV-46080r2_rule
GEN008800
CCI-000351
LOW
The system package management tool must cryptographically verify the authenticity of software packages during installation.
To prevent the installation of software from unauthorized sources, the system package management tool must use cryptographic algorithms to verify the packages are authentic.System AdministratorECSC-1
SV-46084r1_rule
GEN008820
CCI-001233
LOW
The system package management tool must not automatically obtain updates.
System package management tools can obtain a list of updates and patches from a package repository and make this information available to the SA for review and action. Using a package repository outside of the organization's control presents a risk of malicious packages being introduced.System AdministratorECSC-1
SV-44757r1_rule
GEN000000-LNX00450
CCI-000225
MEDIUM
The /etc/security/access.conf file must not have an extended ACL.
If the access permissions are more permissive than 0640, system security could be compromised.System AdministratorECLP-1
SV-44758r1_rule
GEN000000-LNX00530
CCI-000225
MEDIUM
The /etc/sysctl.conf file must not have an extended ACL.
The sysctl.conf file specifies the values for kernel parameters to be set on boot. These settings can affect the system's security.System AdministratorECLP-1
SV-46113r1_rule
GEN005590
CCI-000366
MEDIUM
The system must not be running any routing protocol daemons, unless the system is a router.
Routing protocol daemons are typically used on routers to exchange network topology information with other routers. If this software is used when not required, system network information may be unnecessarily transmitted across the network.System AdministratorECSC-1
SV-45209r1_rule
GEN002690
CCI-000162
MEDIUM
System audit logs must be group-owned by root, bin, sys, or system.
Sensitive system and user information could provide a malicious user with enough information to penetrate further into the system.System AdministratorECTP-1, ECLP-1
SV-44829r1_rule
GEN000410
CCI-000048
MEDIUM
The FTPS/FTP service on the system must be configured with the Department of Defense (DoD) login banner.
Failure to display the logon banner prior to a logon attempt will negate legal proceedings resulting from unauthorized access to system resources.
Note: SFTP and FTPS are encrypted alternatives to FTP to be used in place of FTP. SFTP is implemented by the SSH service and uses its banner configuration.System AdministratorECWM-1
SV-45743r1_rule
GEN003621
CCI-001208
LOW
The system must use a separate file system for /var.
The use of separate file systems for different paths can protect the system from failures resulting from a file system becoming full or failing.System AdministratorECSC-1
SV-45745r1_rule
GEN003623
CCI-001208
LOW
The system must use a separate file system for the system audit data path.
The use of separate file systems for different paths can protect the system from failures resulting from a file system becoming full or failing.System AdministratorECSC-1
SV-45752r1_rule
GEN003624
CCI-001208
LOW
The system must use a separate file system for /tmp (or equivalent).
The use of separate file systems for different paths can protect the system from failures resulting from a file system becoming full or failing.System AdministratorECSC-1
SV-45720r1_rule
GEN003601
CCI-000366
MEDIUM
TCP backlog queue sizes must be set appropriately.
To provide some mitigation to TCP Denial of Service attacks, the TCP backlog queue sizes must be set to at least 1280 or in accordance with product-specific guidelines.System AdministratorECSC-1
SV-45875r1_rule
GEN004710
CCI-001305
MEDIUM
Mail relaying must be restricted.
If unrestricted mail relaying is permitted, unauthorized senders could use this host as a mail relay for the purpose of sending SPAM or other unauthorized activity.System AdministratorECSC-1
SV-46283r1_rule
GEN007960
CCI-000305
MEDIUM
The ldd command must be disabled unless it protects against the execution of untrusted files.
The 'ldd' command provides a list of dependent libraries needed by a given binary, which is useful for troubleshooting software. Instead of parsing the binary file, some 'ldd' implementations invoke the program with a special environment variable set, which causes the system dynamic linker to display the list of libraries. Specially crafted binaries can specify an alternate dynamic linker which may cause a program to be executed instead of examined. If the program is from an untrusted source, such as in a user home directory, or a file suspected of involvement in a system compromise, unauthorized software may be executed with the rights of the user running 'ldd'.
Some 'ldd' implementations include protections that prevent the execution of untrusted files. If such protections exist, this requirement is not applicable.
An acceptable method of disabling 'ldd' is changing its mode to 0000. The SA may conduct troubleshooting by temporarily changing the mode to allow execution and running the 'ldd' command as an unprivileged user upon trusted system binaries.System AdministratorECSC-1
SV-45993r1_rule
GEN007950
CCI-000366
MEDIUM
The system must not respond to ICMPv6 echo requests sent to a broadcast address.
Responding to broadcast ICMP echo requests facilitates network mapping and provides a vector for amplification attacks.System AdministratorECSC-1
SV-45564r2_rule
GEN002870
CCI-000136
LOW
The system must be configured to send audit records to a remote audit server.
Audit records contain evidence that can be used in the investigation of compromised systems. To prevent this evidence from compromise, it must be sent to a separate system continuously. Methods for sending audit records include, but are not limited to, system audit tools used to send logs directly to another host or through the system's syslog service to another host.
System AdministratorECTB-1
SV-45865r1_rule
GEN008050
CCI-000196
MEDIUM
If the system is using LDAP for authentication or account information, the /etc/ldap.conf file (or equivalent) must not contain passwords.
The authentication of automated LDAP connections between systems must not use passwords since more secure methods are available, such as PKI and Kerberos. Additionally, the storage of unencrypted passwords on the system is not permitted.System AdministratorIAIA-2, IAIA-1
SV-45809r1_rule
GEN003850
CCI-000197
HIGH
The telnet daemon must not be running.
The telnet daemon provides a typically unencrypted remote access service which does not provide for the confidentiality and integrity of user passwords or the remote session. If a privileged user were to log on using this service, the privileged user password could be compromised.GEN003850If an enabled telnet daemon is configured to only allow encrypted sessions, such as with Kerberos or the use of encrypted network tunnels, the risk of exposing sensitive information is mitigated, and this is not a finding.System AdministratorDCPP-1
SV-44763r2_rule
GEN000140-2
CCI-000293
MEDIUM
A file integrity baseline including cryptographic hashes must be created.
A file integrity baseline is a collection of file metadata which is to evaluate the integrity of the system. A minimal baseline must contain metadata for all device files, setuid files, setgid files, system libraries, system binaries, and system configuration files. The minimal metadata must consist of the mode, owner, group owner, and modification times. For regular files, metadata must also include file size and a cryptographic hash of the file’s contents.
System AdministratorDCSW-1
SV-44764r1_rule
GEN000140-3
CCI-000293
MEDIUM
A file integrity baseline including cryptographic hashes must be maintained.
A file integrity baseline is a collection of file metadata which is to evaluate the integrity of the system. A minimal baseline must contain metadata for all device files, setuid files, setgid files, system libraries, system binaries, and system configuration files. The minimal metadata must consist of the mode, owner, group owner, and modification times. For regular files, metadata must also include file size and a cryptographic hash of the file’s contents.
System AdministratorDCSW-1
SV-44796r1_rule
GEN000290-2
CCI-000012
MEDIUM
The system must not have the unnecessary news account.
Accounts that provide no operational purpose provide additional opportunities for system compromise. Unnecessary accounts include user accounts for individuals not requiring access to the system and application accounts for applications not installed on the system.System AdministratorIAAC-1
SV-44800r1_rule
GEN000290-3
CCI-000012
MEDIUM
The system must not have the unnecessary gopher account.
Accounts that provide no operational purpose provide additional opportunities for system compromise. Unnecessary accounts include user accounts for individuals not requiring access to the system and application accounts for applications not installed on the system.System AdministratorIAAC-1
SV-44802r1_rule
GEN000290-4
CCI-000012
MEDIUM
The system must not have the unnecessary ftp account.
Accounts that provide no operational purpose provide additional opportunities for system compromise. Unnecessary accounts include user accounts for individuals not requiring access to the system and application accounts for applications not installed on the system.System AdministratorIAAC-1
SV-45286r1_rule
GEN002720-2
CCI-000126
MEDIUM
The audit system must be configured to audit failed attempts to access files and programs.
If the system is not configured to audit certain activities and write them to an audit log, it is more difficult to detect and track system compromises and damages incurred during a system compromise.System AdministratorECAR-3, ECAR-2, ECAR-1
SV-45287r1_rule
GEN002720-3
CCI-000126
MEDIUM
The audit system must be configured to audit failed attempts to access files and programs.
If the system is not configured to audit certain activities and write them to an audit log, it is more difficult to detect and track system compromises and damages incurred during a system compromise.System AdministratorECAR-3, ECAR-2, ECAR-1
SV-45289r1_rule
GEN002720-4
CCI-000126
MEDIUM
The audit system must be configured to audit failed attempts to access files and programs.
If the system is not configured to audit certain activities and write them to an audit log, it is more difficult to detect and track system compromises and damages incurred during a system compromise.System AdministratorECAR-3, ECAR-2, ECAR-1
SV-45292r1_rule
GEN002720-5
CCI-000126
MEDIUM
The audit system must be configured to audit failed attempts to access files and programs.
If the system is not configured to audit certain activities and write them to an audit log, it is more difficult to detect and track system compromises and damages incurred during a system compromise.System AdministratorECAR-3, ECAR-2, ECAR-1
SV-45300r1_rule
GEN002740-2
CCI-000126
MEDIUM
The audit system must be configured to audit file deletions.
If the system is not configured to audit certain activities and write them to an audit log, it is more difficult to detect and track system compromises and damages incurred during a system compromise.System AdministratorECAR-1, ECAR-2, ECAR-3
SV-45331r1_rule
GEN002760-2
CCI-000347
MEDIUM
The audit system must be configured to audit all administrative, privileged, and security actions.
If the system is not configured to audit certain activities and write them to an audit log, it is more difficult to detect and track system compromises and damages incurred during a system compromise.System AdministratorECAR-3, ECAR-1, ECAR-2
SV-45332r2_rule
GEN002760-3
CCI-000347
MEDIUM
The audit system must be configured to audit all administrative, privileged, and security actions.
If the system is not configured to audit certain activities and write them to an audit log, it is more difficult to detect and track system compromises and damages incurred during a system compromise.System AdministratorECAR-1, ECAR-2, ECAR-3
SV-45333r1_rule
GEN002760-4
CCI-000347
MEDIUM
The audit system must be configured to audit all administrative, privileged, and security actions.
If the system is not configured to audit certain activities and write them to an audit log, it is more difficult to detect and track system compromises and damages incurred during a system compromise.System AdministratorECAR-3, ECAR-1, ECAR-2
SV-45336r1_rule
GEN002760-6
CCI-000347
MEDIUM
The audit system must be configured to audit all administrative, privileged, and security actions.
If the system is not configured to audit certain activities and write them to an audit log, it is more difficult to detect and track system compromises and damages incurred during a system compromise.System AdministratorECAR-1, ECAR-2, ECAR-3
SV-45337r1_rule
GEN002760-7
CCI-000347
MEDIUM
The audit system must be configured to audit all administrative, privileged, and security actions.
If the system is not configured to audit certain activities and write them to an audit log, it is more difficult to detect and track system compromises and damages incurred during a system compromise.System AdministratorECAR-1, ECAR-2, ECAR-3
SV-45338r1_rule
GEN002760-8
CCI-000347
MEDIUM
The audit system must be configured to audit all administrative, privileged, and security actions.
If the system is not configured to audit certain activities and write them to an audit log, it is more difficult to detect and track system compromises and damages incurred during a system compromise.System AdministratorECAR-3, ECAR-1, ECAR-2
SV-45339r1_rule
GEN002760-9
CCI-000347
MEDIUM
The audit system must be configured to audit all administrative, privileged, and security actions.
If the system is not configured to audit certain activities and write them to an audit log, it is more difficult to detect and track system compromises and damages incurred during a system compromise.System AdministratorECAR-3, ECAR-2, ECAR-1
SV-45328r1_rule
GEN002760-10
CCI-000347
MEDIUM
The audit system must be configured to audit all administrative, privileged, and security actions.
If the system is not configured to audit certain activities and write them to an audit log, it is more difficult to detect and track system compromises and damages incurred during a system compromise.System AdministratorECAR-2, ECAR-1, ECAR-3
SV-45345r1_rule
GEN002820-2
CCI-000126
MEDIUM
The audit system must be configured to audit all discretionary access control permission modifications.
If the system is not configured to audit certain activities and write them to an audit log, it is more difficult to detect and track system compromises and damages incurred during a system compromise.System AdministratorECAR-1, ECAR-2, ECAR-3
SV-45401r1_rule
GEN002820-3
CCI-000126
MEDIUM
The audit system must be configured to audit all discretionary access control permission modifications.
If the system is not configured to audit certain activities and write them to an audit log, it is more difficult to detect and track system compromises and damages incurred during a system compromise.System AdministratorECAR-3, ECAR-1, ECAR-2
SV-45407r1_rule
GEN002820-4
CCI-000126
MEDIUM
The audit system must be configured to audit all discretionary access control permission modifications.
If the system is not configured to audit certain activities and write them to an audit log, it is more difficult to detect and track system compromises and damages incurred during a system compromise.System AdministratorECAR-2, ECAR-1, ECAR-3
SV-45409r1_rule
GEN002820-5
CCI-000126
MEDIUM
The audit system must be configured to audit all discretionary access control permission modifications.
If the system is not configured to audit certain activities and write them to an audit log, it is more difficult to detect and track system compromises and damages incurred during a system compromise.System AdministratorECAR-3, ECAR-2, ECAR-1
SV-45421r1_rule
GEN002820-6
CCI-000126
MEDIUM
The audit system must be configured to audit all discretionary access control permission modifications.
If the system is not configured to audit certain activities and write them to an audit log, it is more difficult to detect and track system compromises and damages incurred during a system compromise.System AdministratorECAR-1, ECAR-2, ECAR-3
SV-45426r1_rule
GEN002820-7
CCI-000126
MEDIUM
The audit system must be configured to audit all discretionary access control permission modifications.
If the system is not configured to audit certain activities and write them to an audit log, it is more difficult to detect and track system compromises and damages incurred during a system compromise.System AdministratorECAR-3, ECAR-2, ECAR-1
SV-45433r1_rule
GEN002820-8
CCI-000126
MEDIUM
The audit system must be configured to audit all discretionary access control permission modifications.
If the system is not configured to audit certain activities and write them to an audit log, it is more difficult to detect and track system compromises and damages incurred during a system compromise.System AdministratorECAR-2, ECAR-1, ECAR-3
SV-45442r1_rule
GEN002820-9
MEDIUM
The audit system must be configured to audit all discretionary access control permission modifications.
If the system is not configured to audit certain activities and write them to an audit log, it is more difficult to detect and track system compromises and damages incurred during a system compromise.System AdministratorECAR-3, ECAR-1, ECAR-2
SV-45341r1_rule
GEN002820-10
CCI-000126
MEDIUM
The audit system must be configured to audit all discretionary access control permission modifications.
If the system is not configured to audit certain activities and write them to an audit log, it is more difficult to detect and track system compromises and damages incurred during a system compromise.System AdministratorECAR-2, ECAR-3, ECAR-1
SV-45342r1_rule
GEN002820-11
CCI-000126
MEDIUM
The audit system must be configured to audit all discretionary access control permission modifications.
If the system is not configured to audit certain activities and write them to an audit log, it is more difficult to detect and track system compromises and damages incurred during a system compromise.System AdministratorECAR-3, ECAR-1, ECAR-2
SV-45343r1_rule
GEN002820-12
CCI-000126
MEDIUM
The audit system must be configured to audit all discretionary access control permission modifications.
If the system is not configured to audit certain activities and write them to an audit log, it is more difficult to detect and track system compromises and damages incurred during a system compromise.System AdministratorECAR-3, ECAR-1, ECAR-2
SV-45344r1_rule
GEN002820-13
CCI-000126
MEDIUM
The audit system must be configured to audit all discretionary access control permission modifications.
If the system is not configured to audit certain activities and write them to an audit log, it is more difficult to detect and track system compromises and damages incurred during a system compromise.System AdministratorECAR-3, ECAR-2, ECAR-1
SV-45451r1_rule
GEN002825-2
CCI-000126
MEDIUM
The audit system must be configured to audit the loading and unloading of dynamic kernel modules - delete_module.
Actions concerning dynamic kernel modules must be recorded as they are substantial events. Dynamic kernel modules can increase the attack surface of a system. A malicious kernel module can be used to substantially alter the functioning of a system, often with the purpose of hiding a compromise from the SA.System AdministratorECAR-1, ECAR-2, ECAR-3
SV-45462r1_rule
GEN002825-3
CCI-000126
MEDIUM
The audit system must be configured to audit the loading and unloading of dynamic kernel modules - /sbin/insmod.
Actions concerning dynamic kernel modules must be recorded as they are substantial events. Dynamic kernel modules can increase the attack surface of a system. A malicious kernel module can be used to substantially alter the functioning of a system, often with the purpose of hiding a compromise from the SA.System AdministratorECAR-3, ECAR-2, ECAR-1
SV-45549r1_rule
GEN002825-4
CCI-000126
MEDIUM
The audit system must be configured to audit the loading and unloading of dynamic kernel modules -/sbin/modprobe.
Actions concerning dynamic kernel modules must be recorded as they are substantial events. Dynamic kernel modules can increase the attack surface of a system. A malicious kernel module can be used to substantially alter the functioning of a system, often with the purpose of hiding a compromise from the SA.System AdministratorECAR-3, ECAR-2, ECAR-1
SV-45552r1_rule
GEN002825-5
CCI-000126
MEDIUM
The audit system must be configured to audit the loading and unloading of dynamic kernel modules - /sbin/rmmod
Actions concerning dynamic kernel modules must be recorded as they are substantial events. Dynamic kernel modules can increase the attack surface of a system. A malicious kernel module can be used to substantially alter the functioning of a system, often with the purpose of hiding a compromise from the SA.System AdministratorECAR-1, ECAR-2, ECAR-3
SV-45599r2_rule
GEN003080-2
CCI-000225
MEDIUM
Files in cron script directories must have mode 0700 or less permissive.
To protect the integrity of scheduled system jobs and prevent malicious modification to these jobs, crontab files must be secured.System AdministratorECLP-1
SV-44795r1_rule
GEN000290-1
CCI-000012
MEDIUM
The system must not have the unnecessary games account.
Accounts that provide no operational purpose provide additional opportunities for system compromise. Unnecessary accounts include user accounts for individuals not requiring access to the system and application accounts for applications not installed on the system.System AdministratorIAAC-1
SV-46164r1_rule
GEN000000-ZSLE0002
CCI-000192
MEDIUM
Global settings defined in common-{account,auth,password,session} must be applied in the pam.d definition files.
Pam global requirements are generally defined in the common-account, common-auth, common- password and common-session files located in the /etc/pam.d directory In order for the requirements to be applied the file(s) containing them must be included directly or indirectly in each program's definition file in /etc/pam.dSystem AdministratorECSC-1
SV-46279r1_rule
GEN005400-ZSLE0001
CCI-000225
MEDIUM
The /etc/rsyslog.conf file must be owned by root.
If the /etc/rsyslog.conf file is not owned by root, unauthorized users could be allowed to view, edit, or delete important system messages handled by the syslog facility.System Administrator
SV-46280r1_rule
GEN005420-ZSLE0003
CCI-000225
MEDIUM
The /etc/rsyslog.conf file must be group-owned by root, bin, sys, or system.
If the group owner of /etc/rsyslog.conf is not root, bin, or sys, unauthorized users could be permitted to view, edit, or delete important system messages handled by the syslog facility.System Administrator
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